336 lines
10 KiB
C++
336 lines
10 KiB
C++
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#include "Scene.h"
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string>
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#include <vector>
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#include <utility> /* pair */
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#include <map>
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#include <algorithm> /* sort() */
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#include <functional> /* binary_function */
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#include <typeinfo> /* typeid operator support */
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#include <math.h>
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#include "BMP.h"
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#include "util/Color.h"
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#include "shapes/Shape.h"
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#include "Light.h"
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using namespace std;
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Scene::Scene(const map<string, const char *> & options,
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const char * filename)
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{
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m_width = 800;
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m_height = 600;
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m_multisample_level = 1;
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m_output_file_name = "fart.bmp";
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m_vfov = 60.0;
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m_verbose = true;
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m_data = NULL;
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m_ambient_light = Color(0.1, 0.1, 0.1);
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m_max_depth = 10;
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m_transforms.push(Transform());
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load(filename);
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/* after loading the scene file, apply any command-line render options */
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for (map<const string, const char *>::const_iterator it = options.begin();
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it != options.end();
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it++)
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{
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if (it->first == "width")
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{
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m_width = atoi(it->second);
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}
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else if (it->first == "height")
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{
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m_height = atoi(it->second);
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}
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else if (it->first == "multisample")
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{
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m_multisample_level = atoi(it->second);
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}
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else if (it->first == "field-of-view")
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{
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m_vfov = atof(it->second);
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}
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else if (it->first == "output-file")
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{
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m_output_file_name = it->second;
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}
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else if (it->first == "verbose")
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{
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m_verbose = true;
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}
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}
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/* view plane distance is calculated based on the field of view */
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m_view_plane_dist = (m_height / 2.0) / tan(M_PI * m_vfov / 360.0);
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m_sample_span = 1.0 / m_multisample_level;
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m_half_sample_span = m_sample_span / 2.0;
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m_multisample_level_squared = m_multisample_level * m_multisample_level;
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}
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Scene::~Scene()
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{
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if (m_data != NULL)
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delete m_data;
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}
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void Scene::render()
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{
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if (m_verbose)
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{
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cout << " *** Beginning scene render ***" << endl;
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cout << "Parameters:" << endl;
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cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
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cout << " Width: " << m_width << endl;
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cout << " Height: " << m_height << endl;
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cout << " Multisample Level: " << m_multisample_level << endl;
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cout << " Vertical Field of View: " << m_vfov << endl;
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cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
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}
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m_data = new unsigned char[m_width * m_height * 3];
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for (int i = 0; i < m_height; i++)
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{
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for (int j = 0; j < m_width; j++)
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{
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renderPixel(j, i, &m_data[3 * (m_width * i + j)]);
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}
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}
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if (m_verbose)
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{
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cout << " *** Ending scene render ***" << endl;
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cout << "Writing output file '" << m_output_file_name << '\'' << endl;
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}
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BMP outputImage(m_output_file_name.c_str(), m_width, m_height, m_data);
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}
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void Scene::renderPixel(int x, int y, unsigned char * pixel)
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{
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/* calculate the ray going from the camera through this pixel */
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Color finalColor;
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for (int i = 0; i < m_multisample_level; i++)
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{
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for (int j = 0; j < m_multisample_level; j++)
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{
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double rx = (x + i * m_sample_span + m_half_sample_span)
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- (m_width / 2.0);
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double rz = (m_height / 2.0)
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- (y + j * m_sample_span + m_half_sample_span);
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Ray ray(Vector(0, 0, 0), Vector(rx, m_view_plane_dist, rz));
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finalColor += traceRay(ray);
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}
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}
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/* take the average of all the samples as the final pixel value */
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pixel[BMP_RED] = (unsigned char)
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(0xFF * finalColor.r / m_multisample_level_squared);
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pixel[BMP_GREEN] = (unsigned char)
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(0xFF * finalColor.g / m_multisample_level_squared);
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pixel[BMP_BLUE] = (unsigned char)
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(0xFF * finalColor.b / m_multisample_level_squared);
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}
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Color Scene::traceRay(const Ray & ray)
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{
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return traceRayRecurse(ray, m_max_depth, 1.0);
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}
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/**
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* factor: the proportion of the final color that this computation is worth
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*/
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Color Scene::traceRayRecurse(const Ray & ray, int depth, double factor)
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{
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Color color;
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ShapeDistance hit = getRayClosestHit(ray);
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if ( ! hit.shape.isNull() )
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{
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/* compute the Phong lighting for each hit */
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refptr<Material> material = hit.shape->getMaterial();
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Vector surfacePoint = ray[hit.dist];
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Vector surfaceNormal = hit.shape->getNormalAt(surfacePoint);
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/* check for backfaces */
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if (ray.getDirection() % surfaceNormal > 0.0)
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{
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/* if dot product is positive, this is a back-face */
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surfaceNormal = -surfaceNormal;
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}
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color = computePhong(material,
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ray,
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surfacePoint,
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surfaceNormal);
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if (depth > 0 && factor > SCENE_FACTOR_THRESHOLD)
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{
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double reflectance = material->getReflectance();
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if (factor * reflectance > SCENE_FACTOR_THRESHOLD)
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{
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color *= (1.0 - reflectance);
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Vector reflected_direction =
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(-ray.getDirection()).reflect(surfaceNormal);
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Ray newRay(surfacePoint, reflected_direction);
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Vector jitter_surface_point = newRay[0.0001];
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Ray jitterNewRay(jitter_surface_point, reflected_direction);
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Color c = traceRayRecurse(jitterNewRay,
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depth - 1,
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factor * reflectance);
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color += c * reflectance;
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}
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double transparency = material->getTransparency();
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if (factor * transparency > SCENE_FACTOR_THRESHOLD)
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{
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color *= (1.0 - transparency);
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Vector jitter_surface_point = ray[hit.dist + 0.0001];
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Ray newRay(jitter_surface_point, ray.getDirection());
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Color c = traceRayRecurse(newRay,
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depth - 1,
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factor * transparency);
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color += c * transparency;
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}
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}
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}
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return color;
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}
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Scene::ShapeDistance Scene::getRayClosestHit(const Ray & ray)
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{
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ShapeDistance hit;
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bool foundOne = false;
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/* loop through all shapes in the scene */
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for (vector< refptr<Shape> >::iterator it = m_shapes.begin();
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it != m_shapes.end();
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it++)
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{
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Shape::IntersectionList intersections = (*it)->intersect(*it, ray);
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for (int i = 0, num_results = intersections.size();
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i < num_results;
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i++)
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{
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refptr<Shape> shape = intersections[i].shape;
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const Vector & isect_point = intersections[i].vector;
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double intersect_dist = (isect_point - ray.getOrigin()).mag();
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if (foundOne == false || intersect_dist < hit.dist)
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{
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hit.shape = shape;
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hit.dist = intersect_dist;
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foundOne = true;
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}
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}
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}
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return hit;
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}
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Color Scene::computePhong(const refptr<Material> material,
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const Ray & viewRay,
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const Vector & surfacePoint,
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const Vector & surfaceNormal)
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{
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Color result = m_ambient_light * material->getAmbientColor();
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Vector viewDirection = -viewRay.getDirection();
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double shininess = material->getShininess();
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const Color & diffuseColor = material->getDiffuseColor();
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const Color & specularColor = material->getSpecularColor();
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for (std::vector< refptr<Light> >::const_iterator it = m_lights.begin();
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it != m_lights.end();
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it++)
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{
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Vector directionToLight = (*it)->getPosition() - surfacePoint;
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directionToLight.normalize();
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Vector reflectedLightDirection =
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directionToLight.reflect(surfaceNormal);
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Ray surfaceToLight(surfacePoint, directionToLight);
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double light_contribution =
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calculateLightContribution(surfaceToLight.shift(0.0001), *it);
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if (light_contribution > 0.0)
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{
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/* calculate the diffuse term */
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double diffuse_coef = directionToLight % surfaceNormal;
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if (diffuse_coef > 0.0)
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{
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result += diffuseColor
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* (*it)->getDiffuseColor()
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* diffuse_coef
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* light_contribution;
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}
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/* calculate the specular term */
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double specular_coef = reflectedLightDirection % viewDirection;
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if (specular_coef > 0.0)
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{
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result += specularColor
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* (*it)->getSpecularColor()
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* pow(specular_coef, shininess)
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* light_contribution;
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}
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}
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}
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/* TODO: figure out better scaling */
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if (result.r > 1.0)
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result.r = 1.0;
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if (result.g > 1.0)
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result.g = 1.0;
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if (result.b > 1.0)
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result.b = 1.0;
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return result;
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}
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double Scene::calculateLightContribution(const Ray & toLight,
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refptr<Light> light)
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{
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double contrib = 1.0;
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double dist_to_light = toLight.getOrigin().dist_to(light->getPosition());
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double dist_so_far = 0.0;
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Ray currentRay = toLight;
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for (;;)
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{
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ShapeDistance hit = getRayClosestHit(currentRay);
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if ( hit.shape.isNull() )
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break;
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double offset = hit.dist + 0.0001;
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if ( dist_so_far + offset > dist_to_light )
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break;
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contrib *= hit.shape->getMaterial()->getTransparency();
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if ( contrib < SCENE_FACTOR_THRESHOLD )
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break;
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dist_so_far += offset;
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currentRay = currentRay.shift(offset);
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}
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return contrib;
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}
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bool operator<(const Scene::ShapeDistance & sd1,
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const Scene::ShapeDistance & sd2)
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{
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return sd1.dist < sd2.dist;
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}
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