fixed memory barrier bug in IDT initialization -- kernel still crashing when interrupts enabled but i think the memory management initialization is correct

git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@102 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca
fixed bug that mapping PAGE_DIR_SELF_REF would incorrectly allocate a new physical page
2010-02-01 05:24:40 +00:00 · 2010-02-01 05:04:39 +00:00 · 2010-02-01 04:21:29 +00:00 · 2010-02-01 01:47:19 +00:00 · 2010-01-28 04:22:02 +00:00 · 2010-01-27 05:25:05 +00:00
147 changed files with 2111 additions and 12627 deletions
--- a/.bochsrc
+++ b/.bochsrc
@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-# configuration file generated by Bochs
-config_interface: textconfig
-display_library: x
-megs: 32
-romimage: file=/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest, address=0xf0000
-vgaromimage: /usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest
-boot: floppy
-floppya: 1_44="hos.flp", status=inserted
-# no floppyb
-ata0: enabled=1, ioaddr1=0x1f0, ioaddr2=0x3f0, irq=14
-ata1: enabled=0
-ata2: enabled=0
-ata3: enabled=0
-parport1: enabled=1, file="parallel.out"
-com1: enabled=1, dev=""
-usb1: enabled=1, ioaddr=0xff80, irq=10
-# no sb16
-floppy_bootsig_check: disabled=0
-vga_update_interval: 30000
-keyboard_serial_delay: 20000
-keyboard_paste_delay: 100000
-floppy_command_delay: 50000
-ips: 500000
-text_snapshot_check: 0
-mouse: enabled=0
-private_colormap: enabled=0
-i440fxsupport: enabled=1
-clock: sync=realtime, time0=local
-# no ne2k
-#newharddrivesupport: enabled=1
-# no loader
-log: -
-logprefix: %t%e%d
-debugger_log: -
-panic: action=ask
-error: action=report
-info: action=report
-debug: action=ignore
-pass: action=fatal
-keyboard_mapping: enabled=0, map=
-keyboard_type: mf
-user_shortcut: keys=ctrlaltdel
-# no cmosimage
--- a/113
+++ b/113
@ -1,88 +1,37 @@
-# Makefile for HOS
-# Josh Holtrop
-# Created: 07/09/04

-FLOPPY=/dev/fd0
-FLOPPY_IMAGE=hos.flp
-FLOPPY_MOUNT=./mnt_flp
-GRUB_IMAGE=grub.flp
-INITRD=hos_initrd
-INITRD_DIR=initrd
-INITRD_MOUNT=./mnt_initrd
-INITRD_SIZE=100			#initrd size in kb
-MOUNT=sudo mount
-UMOUNT=sudo umount
+KERNEL_FILE := hos.gz
+MKISOFS     := genisoimage
+ISO         := hos.iso
+QEMU        := qemu-system-x86_64
+BOCHS       := bochs

-# Do not print "Entering directory ..."
-MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
+# default target: build the kernel and ISO image
+all: kernel iso

-.PHONY:	all clean initrd apps grub_image install install_img depend copy_image bochs bochsq
+# build the kernel
+.PHONY: kernel
+kernel:
+	$(MAKE) -C $@

-all:
-	make -C kernel
-	make -C rmmod
+# build the ISO image
+.PHONY: iso
+iso: $(ISO) kernel

+$(ISO): kernel
+	cp kernel/$(KERNEL_FILE) iso/boot
+	-rm -f $(ISO)
+	$(MKISOFS) -R -b boot/grub/stage2_eltorito -no-emul-boot \
+		-boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o $(ISO) iso
+
+.PHONY: qemu
+qemu: iso
+	$(QEMU) -cdrom $(ISO) -boot d -m 384 -localtime
+
+.PHONY: bochs
+bochs: iso
+	-$(BOCHS)
+
+.PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	-make -C kernel clean
-	-make -C rmmod clean
-	-rm -f *~ *.out hos.flp \#* hos_initrd hos_initrd.gz
-
-apps:
-	make -C apps
-
-grub_image:
-	dd if=/dev/zero of=$(GRUB_IMAGE) bs=1024 seek=1440 count=0
-	-mkdir $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	mke2fs -F $(GRUB_IMAGE)
-	$(MOUNT) -t ext2 -o loop $(GRUB_IMAGE) $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-mkdir -p $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)/boot/grub
-	-cp /boot/grub/stage1 /boot/grub/stage2 /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)/boot/grub
-	$(UMOUNT) $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-rmdir $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	echo "(fd0) $(GRUB_IMAGE)" > grub_image_device.map.tmp
-	echo "root (fd0)" > grub_commands.tmp
-	echo "setup (fd0)" >> grub_commands.tmp
-	echo "quit" >> grub_commands.tmp
-	grub --device-map grub_image_device.map.tmp < grub_commands.tmp
-	rm grub_commands.tmp
-	rm grub_image_device.map.tmp
-
-copy_image:
-	cp $(GRUB_IMAGE) $(FLOPPY_IMAGE)
-
-install:	FDEV=$(FLOPPY)
-install_img:	FDEV=$(FLOPPY_IMAGE)
-install_img:	MOUNT_FLAGS=-o loop
-install_img: copy_image
-install install_img:
-	-mkdir $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	$(MOUNT) -t ext2 $(MOUNT_FLAGS) $(FDEV) $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-cp kernel/kernel.bin $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-cp rmmod/rmmod.bin $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-cp menu.lst $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)/boot/grub
-	-cp $(INITRD).gz $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)/$(INITRD).gz
-	$(UMOUNT) $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-	-rmdir $(FLOPPY_MOUNT)
-
-initrd:
-	dd if=/dev/zero of=$(INITRD) bs=1024 count=$(INITRD_SIZE)
-	mke2fs -Fv -m0 -r0 -i1024 $(INITRD)
-	-mkdir $(INITRD_MOUNT)
-	$(MOUNT) -t ext2 -o loop $(INITRD) $(INITRD_MOUNT)
-	cp -Pr $(INITRD_DIR)/* $(INITRD_MOUNT)
-	$(UMOUNT) $(INITRD_MOUNT)
-	rm -rf $(INITRD_MOUNT)
-	gzip -c $(INITRD) > $(INITRD).gz
-
-depend:
-	make -C kernel depend
-
-bochs:
-	bochs
-
-bochsq:
-	echo 'c' | bochs -q
-
-wordcount:
-	find . -regex '\(.*\.[ch]\)\|\(.*\.asm\)\|\(.*\.inc\)\|\(.*\.cpp\)' | xargs cat | wc
-
+	$(MAKE) -C kernel clean
+	-rm -f $(ISO) iso/boot/$(KERNEL_FILE)
--- a/apps/Makefile
+++ b/apps/Makefile
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-all:
-	make -C hash
-	nasm -f bin -l test1.lst test1.asm -o test1.app
-	nasm -f bin test2.asm -o test2.app
-
--- a/apps/hash/Makefile
+++ b/apps/hash/Makefile
@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-all:
-	nasm -f bin hash.asm -o hash
-	
--- a/apps/hash/hash
+++ b/apps/hash/hash
@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<EFBFBD>0<EFBFBD>
--- a/apps/hash/hash.asm
+++ b/apps/hash/hash.asm
@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-
-[bits 32]
-
-begin:
-	int	0x30
-	ret
--- a/apps/test1.app
+++ b/apps/test1.app
--- a/apps/test1.asm
+++ b/apps/test1.asm
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-; test app 1
-
-[bits 32]
-org 0x0
-
-;header:	
-;	dd      0x4D534F48      ;  magic identifier "HOSM"
-;	dd      2	;  test app
-;	dd      start	;  start address
-;	dd      0	;  reserved
-
-start:
-	mov	ebx, astring
-	mov	eax, 2
-	int	0x30
-	jmp	start
-	ret
-
-astring:
-	db "Hello there from test1!", 10, 0
--- a/apps/test1.lst
+++ b/apps/test1.lst
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-     1                                  ; test app 1
-     2                                  
-     3                                  [bits 32]
-     4                                  org 0x0
-     5                                  
-     6                                  ;header:	
-     7                                  ;	dd      0x4D534F48      ;  magic identifier "HOSM"
-     8                                  ;	dd      2	;  test app
-     9                                  ;	dd      start	;  start address
-    10                                  ;	dd      0	;  reserved
-    11                                  
-    12                                  start:
-    13 00000000 BB[0F000000]            	mov	ebx, astring
-    14 00000005 B802000000              	mov	eax, 2
-    15 0000000A CD30                    	int	0x30
-    16 0000000C EBF2                    	jmp	start
-    17 0000000E C3                      	ret
-    18                                  
-    19                                  astring:
-    20 0000000F 48656C6C6F20746865-     	db "Hello there from test1!", 10, 0
-    21 00000018 72652066726F6D2074-
-    22 00000021 65737431210A00     
--- a/apps/test2.app
+++ b/apps/test2.app
--- a/apps/test2.asm
+++ b/apps/test2.asm
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-; test app 1
-
-[bits 32]
-org 0x0
-
-;header:	
-;	dd      0x4D534F48      ;  magic identifier "HOSM"
-;	dd      2	;  test app
-;	dd      start	;  start address
-;	dd      0	;  reserved
-
-start:
-	mov	eax, 1
-	mov	ebx, 'i'
-	int	0x30
-	jmp	start
-	ret
--- a/52
+++ b/52
@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# configuration file generated by Bochs
+plugin_ctrl: unmapped=1, biosdev=1, speaker=1, extfpuirq=1, gameport=1, pci_ide=1, acpi=1, ioapic=1
+config_interface: textconfig
+display_library: sdl
+megs: 32
+romimage: file="/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest"
+vgaromimage: file="/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest"
+boot: cdrom
+floppy_bootsig_check: disabled=0
+# no floppya
+# no floppyb
+ata0: enabled=1, ioaddr1=0x1f0, ioaddr2=0x3f0, irq=14
+ata0-master: type=cdrom, path="hos.iso", status=inserted, biosdetect=auto, model="Generic 1234"
+ata1: enabled=1, ioaddr1=0x170, ioaddr2=0x370, irq=15
+ata2: enabled=0
+ata3: enabled=0
+parport1: enabled=1, file=""
+parport2: enabled=0
+com1: enabled=1, mode=null, dev=""
+com2: enabled=0
+com3: enabled=0
+com4: enabled=0
+usb_uhci: enabled=0
+usb_ohci: enabled=0
+i440fxsupport: enabled=1
+vga_update_interval: 50000
+vga: extension=vbe
+cpu: count=1, ips=4000000, reset_on_triple_fault=1, cpuid_limit_winnt=0
+print_timestamps: enabled=0
+# no gdb stub
+port_e9_hack: enabled=0
+text_snapshot_check: enabled=0
+private_colormap: enabled=0
+clock: sync=none, time0=local
+# no cmosimage
+ne2k: enabled=0
+pnic: enabled=0
+sb16: enabled=0
+# no loader
+log: -
+logprefix: %t%e%d
+panic: action=ask
+error: action=report
+info: action=report
+debug: action=ignore
+pass: action=fatal
+keyboard_type: mf
+keyboard_serial_delay: 250
+keyboard_paste_delay: 100000
+keyboard_mapping: enabled=0, map=
+user_shortcut: keys=none
+mouse: enabled=0, type=ps2
--- a/build.txt
+++ b/build.txt
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-To build the HOS kernel, just run 'make'
-To build a HOS floppy image for bochs, run 'make initrd' and 'make install_img' as root (root permissions needed to mount floppy image)
--- a/BIN
+++ b/BIN
--- a/grub.flp
+++ b/grub.flp
--- a/initrd/bin/init
+++ b/initrd/bin/init
--- a/initrd/link
+++ b/initrd/link
@ -1 +0,0 @@
-test_file
--- a/initrd/ulab
+++ b/initrd/ulab
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# Change this file to contain the machines that you want to use
-# to run MPI jobs on.  The format is one host name per line, with either
-#    hostname
-# or
-#    hostname:n
-# where n is the number of processors in an SMP.  The hostname should
-# be the same as the result from the command "hostname"
-#
-#non-functional machines
-#stallman.cs.calvin.edu
-#zuse.cs.calvin.edu
-#knuth.cs.calvin.edu
-
-stroustrup.cs.calvin.edu
-kernighan.cs.calvin.edu
-ritchie.cs.calvin.edu
-aiken.cs.calvin.edu
-backus-naur.cs.calvin.edu
-codd.cs.calvin.edu
-eckert-mauchly.cs.calvin.edu
-atanasoff.cs.calvin.edu
-thompson.cs.calvin.edu
-augusta.cs.calvin.edu
-babbage.cs.calvin.edu
-turing.cs.calvin.edu
-hoare.cs.calvin.edu
-wall.cs.calvin.edu
-englebart.cs.calvin.edu
-vonneuman.cs.calvin.edu
-hopper.cs.calvin.edu
-dijkstra.cs.calvin.edu
-chomsky.cs.calvin.edu
-leibniz.cs.calvin.edu
-schreyer.cs.calvin.edu
-wirth.cs.calvin.edu
-cray.cs.calvin.edu
-hillis.cs.calvin.edu
-taylor.cs.calvin.edu
-goldberg.cs.calvin.edu
-kay.cs.calvin.edu
-boole.cs.calvin.edu
-church.cs.calvin.edu
-sutherland.cs.calvin.edu
-noyce-kilby.cs.calvin.edu
-hollerith.cs.calvin.edu
-
--- a/iso/boot/grub/menu.lst
+++ b/iso/boot/grub/menu.lst
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+timeout 2
+default 0
+
+title HOS
+kernel /boot/hos.gz
--- a/iso/boot/grub/stage2_eltorito
+++ b/iso/boot/grub/stage2_eltorito
--- a/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/Makefile
@ -1,128 +1,45 @@
-# Makefile for HOS
-# Josh Holtrop
-# Created: 07/08/04
-# Modified: 06/13/05

-# Assembler Information:
-NASM=nasm
-NASM_FLAGS=-f aout
+CROSS_COMPILE   := i586-elf-

-# C/C++ Information:
-CPPFLAGS=-fleading-underscore -fno-builtin -nostdlib -nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs -I. -Wall
-# -S -masm=intel
-CC=gcc
-CXX=g++
-CXXFLAGS=-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -D_HOS_CPP_
+export LD       := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
+export CC       := $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
+export CXX      := $(CROSS_COMPILE)g++
+export OBJDUMP  := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
+export NASM     := nasm

-# Linker Information:
-LD=ld
-LDFLAGS=-nodefaultlibs -nostdlib --no-demangle -T link.ld
+export HOS_TOPLEVEL := $(shell pwd)
+LDSCRIPT        := link.ld
+KERNEL          := hos
+export CPPFLAGS := -I$(HOS_TOPLEVEL) -I$(HOS_TOPLEVEL)/include
+export CFLAGS   := -Wall -O2 -g
+export CXXFLAGS := -Wall -O2 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -g
+export LDFLAGS  := -T $(LDSCRIPT) -Map $(KERNEL).map
+export LDLIBS   := `$(CC) -print-libgcc-file-name`

-# Files
-OBJS=boot.o lang/lang_a.o \
-	kernel.o mm/mm.o mm/vmm.o lang/conv.o display/kout.o \
-	display/display.o sys/pic.o char/keyboard.o lang/lang.o \
-	sys/pci_classes.o syscall.o \
-	proc/proc.o proc/hash.o \
-	lang/string.o lang/new.o char/misc_char.o char/vconsole.o \
-	devices.o block/ramdisk.o fs/vfs.o fs/FileSystem.o fs/VFSMount.o \
-	fs/ext2/ext2.o fs/sysfs/sysfs.o fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o \
-	sys/pci.o fs/OpenFile.o fs/OpenDirectory.o \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.o
-CSRC=kernel.c mm/mm.c mm/vmm.c lang/conv.c display/kout.c \
-	display/display.c sys/pic.c char/keyboard.c lang/lang.c \
-	sys/pci_classes.c syscall.c
-CXXSRC=lang/string.cpp lang/new.cpp char/misc_char.cpp char/vconsole.cpp \
-	block/ramdisk.cpp devices.cpp fs/vfs.cpp fs/FileSystem.o fs/VFSMount.o\
-	fs/ext2/ext2.cpp fs/sysfs/sysfs.cpp fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.cpp \
-	sys/pci.cpp proc/proc.cpp proc/hash.cpp fs/OpenFile.cpp \
-	fs/OpenDirectory.cpp fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.cpp \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.cpp fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.cpp
+SUBDIRS         := boot mm lang isr sys
+SUBDIRS_clean   := $(SUBDIRS:%=%.clean)

-.PHONY:	all depend clean html
+.PHONY: all
+all: $(KERNEL).gz

-all: $(OBJS)
-	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -Map kernel.map $(OBJS) -o kernel.bin
-	@echo '		Kernel built: ' `ls -sk kernel.bin | cut -d' ' -f1`kb
+$(KERNEL).gz: $(KERNEL)
+	gzip -c $< > $@

-depend:
-	makedepend -- $(CPPFLAGS) -- $(CSRC) $(CXXSRC)
+$(KERNEL): $(KERNEL).o
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+	$(OBJDUMP) --disassemble --source $@ > $@.dump
+#	strip $@
+	
+$(KERNEL).o: $(SUBDIRS)
+	$(LD) -r -o $@ $(foreach subdir,$(SUBDIRS),$(subdir)/$(subdir)_all.o) $(LDLIBS)

-boot.o:	boot.asm idt.inc gdt.inc
-	$(NASM) $(NASM_FLAGS) -l boot.lst boot.asm -o boot.o
+.PHONY: $(SUBDIRS)
+$(SUBDIRS):
+	$(MAKE) -C $@ SUBDIR=$@

-lang/lang_a.o:	lang/lang.asm
-	$(NASM) $(NASM_FLAGS) -l lang.lst lang/lang.asm -o lang/lang_a.o
+.PHONY: clean
+clean: $(SUBDIRS_clean)
+	-rm -f *~ $(KERNEL) $(KERNEL).{gz,o,elf,dump,map}

-clean:
-	-rm -f $(OBJS) *.bin *.map *.lst *.out
-	-find . -name '*~' | xargs rm -f
-
-html:
-	-rm -rf html
-	-mkdir html
-	source-highlight --output-dir=html -f xhtml -n $(CSRC) $(CXXSRC)
-
-# The following is used by 'make' to automatically
-#  generate dependency information
-# DO NOT DELETE
-
-kernel.o: kernel.h hos_defines.h multiboot.h module.h lang/lang.h functions.h
-kernel.o: sys/io.h mm/mm.h mm/vmm.h lang/conv.h devices.h display/display.h
-kernel.o: display/kout.h sys/pic.h char/keyboard.h block/ramdisk.h fs/vfs.h
-kernel.o: fs/ext2/ext2.h sys/pci.h proc/proc.h
-mm/mm.o: kernel.h hos_defines.h multiboot.h mm/mm.h
-mm/vmm.o: hos_defines.h kernel.h multiboot.h mm/vmm.h lang/lang.h mm/mm.h
-lang/conv.o: lang/conv.h hos_defines.h
-display/kout.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h lang/conv.h devices.h
-display/kout.o: char/misc_char.h char/misc_char.h functions.h sys/io.h
-display/display.o: devices.h hos_defines.h char/vconsole.h display/display.h
-display/display.o: lang/lang.h kernel.h multiboot.h char/keyboard.h
-display/display.o: display/kout.h
-sys/pic.o: hos_defines.h sys/pic.h sys/io.h
-char/keyboard.o: hos_defines.h char/keyboard.h sys/io.h functions.h
-char/keyboard.o: lang/conv.h display/kout.h display/display.h devices.h
-lang/lang.o: lang/lang.h hos_defines.h
-sys/pci_classes.o: hos_defines.h sys/pci.h
-lang/string.o: lang/string.h lang/lang.h hos_defines.h
-lang/new.o: hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h
-char/misc_char.o: hos_defines.h devices.h char/misc_char.h sys/io.h
-char/vconsole.o: hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h lang/lang.h
-char/vconsole.o: display/display.h devices.h functions.h sys/io.h
-char/vconsole.o: char/vconsole.h
-block/ramdisk.o: functions.h hos_defines.h sys/io.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h
-block/ramdisk.o: lang/lang.h block/ramdisk.h devices.h
-devices.o: hos_defines.h devices.h char/misc_char.h char/misc_char.h
-devices.o: char/vconsole.h block/ramdisk.h
-fs/vfs.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h functions.h sys/io.h lang/lang.h
-fs/vfs.o: fs/vfs.h devices.h fs/FileSystem.h fs/OpenDirectory.h lang/string.h
-fs/vfs.o: fs/OpenFile.h fs/VFSMount.h fs/FileSystem.h fs/ext2/ext2.h fs/vfs.h
-fs/vfs.o: lang/vector.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: display/kout.h hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h lang/lang.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: fs/ext2/ext2.h fs/vfs.h devices.h fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: display/kout.h hos_defines.h fs/vfs.h devices.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: fs/sysfs/sysfs.h fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h lang/vector.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: lang/string.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o: fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h lang/vector.h hos_defines.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o: lang/string.h
-sys/pci.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h sys/io.h sys/pci.h lang/vector.h
-proc/proc.o: hos_defines.h mm/mm.h kernel.h multiboot.h mm/vmm.h lang/lang.h
-proc/proc.o: functions.h sys/io.h display/kout.h proc/proc.h proc/hash.h
-proc/proc.o: lang/vector.h
-proc/hash.o: hos_defines.h proc/hash.h lang/vector.h display/kout.h mm/vmm.h
-proc/hash.o: multiboot.h
-fs/OpenFile.o: fs/OpenFile.h hos_defines.h
-fs/OpenDirectory.o: fs/vfs.h hos_defines.h devices.h fs/OpenDirectory.h
-fs/OpenDirectory.o: lang/string.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: lang/lang.h hos_defines.h fs/vfs.h devices.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h fs/ext2/ext2.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o: fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h fs/ext2/ext2.h fs/vfs.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o: hos_defines.h devices.h fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o: fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h lang/lang.h functions.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o: sys/io.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.o: fs/vfs.h hos_defines.h devices.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.o: fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h fs/ext2/ext2.h
+%.clean:
+	$(MAKE) -C $* clean clean=1
--- a/kernel/Makefile.bak
+++ b/kernel/Makefile.bak
@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-# Makefile for HOS
-# Josh Holtrop
-# Created: 07/08/04
-# Modified: 06/13/05
-
-# Assembler Information:
-NASM=nasm
-NASM_FLAGS=-f aout
-
-# C/C++ Information:
-CPPFLAGS=-fleading-underscore -fno-builtin -nostdlib -nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs -I. -Wall
-# -S -masm=intel
-CC=gcc
-CXX=g++
-CXXFLAGS=-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -D_HOS_CPP_
-
-# Linker Information:
-LD=ld
-LDFLAGS=-nodefaultlibs -nostdlib --no-demangle -T link.ld
-
-# Files
-OBJS=boot.o lang/lang_a.o \
-	kernel.o mm/mm.o mm/vmm.o lang/conv.o display/kout.o \
-	display/display.o sys/pic.o char/keyboard.o lang/lang.o \
-	sys/pci_classes.o syscall.o \
-	proc/proc.o proc/hash.o \
-	lang/string.o lang/new.o char/misc_char.o char/vconsole.o \
-	devices.o block/ramdisk.o fs/vfs.o fs/FileSystem.o fs/VFSMount.o \
-	fs/ext2/ext2.o fs/sysfs/sysfs.o fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o \
-	sys/pci.o fs/OpenFile.o fs/OpenDirectory.o \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.o \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.o
-CSRC=kernel.c mm/mm.c mm/vmm.c lang/conv.c display/kout.c \
-	display/display.c sys/pic.c char/keyboard.c lang/lang.c \
-	sys/pci_classes.c syscall.c
-CXXSRC=lang/string.cpp lang/new.cpp char/misc_char.cpp char/vconsole.cpp \
-	block/ramdisk.cpp devices.cpp fs/vfs.cpp fs/FileSystem.o fs/VFSMount.o\
-	fs/ext2/ext2.cpp fs/sysfs/sysfs.cpp fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.cpp \
-	sys/pci.cpp proc/proc.cpp proc/hash.cpp fs/OpenFile.cpp \
-	fs/OpenDirectory.cpp fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.cpp \
-	fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.cpp fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.cpp
-
-.PHONY:	all depend clean html
-
-all: $(OBJS)
-	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -Map kernel.map $(OBJS) -o kernel.bin
-	@echo '		Kernel built: ' `ls -sk kernel.bin | cut -d' ' -f1`kb
-
-depend:
-	makedepend -- $(CPPFLAGS) -- $(CSRC) $(CXXSRC)
-
-boot.o:	boot.asm idt.inc gdt.inc
-	$(NASM) $(NASM_FLAGS) -l boot.lst boot.asm -o boot.o
-
-lang/lang_a.o:	lang/lang.asm
-	$(NASM) $(NASM_FLAGS) -l lang.lst lang/lang.asm -o lang/lang_a.o
-
-clean:
-	-rm -f $(OBJS) *.bin *.map *.lst *.out
-	-find . -name '*~' | xargs rm -f
-
-html:
-	-rm -rf html
-	-mkdir html
-	source-highlight --output-dir=html -f xhtml -n $(CSRC) $(CXXSRC)
-
-# The following is used by 'make' to automatically
-#  generate dependency information
-# DO NOT DELETE
-
-kernel.o: kernel.h hos_defines.h multiboot.h module.h lang/lang.h functions.h
-kernel.o: sys/io.h mm/mm.h mm/vmm.h lang/conv.h devices.h display/display.h
-kernel.o: display/kout.h sys/pic.h char/keyboard.h block/ramdisk.h fs/vfs.h
-kernel.o: fs/ext2/ext2.h sys/pci.h proc/proc.h
-mm/mm.o: kernel.h hos_defines.h multiboot.h mm/mm.h
-mm/vmm.o: hos_defines.h kernel.h multiboot.h mm/vmm.h lang/lang.h mm/mm.h
-lang/conv.o: lang/conv.h hos_defines.h
-display/kout.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h lang/conv.h devices.h
-display/kout.o: char/misc_char.h char/misc_char.h functions.h sys/io.h
-display/display.o: devices.h hos_defines.h char/vconsole.h display/display.h
-display/display.o: lang/lang.h kernel.h multiboot.h char/keyboard.h
-display/display.o: display/kout.h
-sys/pic.o: hos_defines.h sys/pic.h sys/io.h
-char/keyboard.o: hos_defines.h char/keyboard.h sys/io.h functions.h
-char/keyboard.o: lang/conv.h display/kout.h display/display.h devices.h
-lang/lang.o: lang/lang.h hos_defines.h
-sys/pci_classes.o: hos_defines.h sys/pci.h
-lang/string.o: lang/string.h lang/lang.h hos_defines.h
-lang/new.o: hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h
-char/misc_char.o: hos_defines.h devices.h char/misc_char.h sys/io.h
-char/vconsole.o: hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h lang/lang.h
-char/vconsole.o: display/display.h devices.h functions.h sys/io.h
-char/vconsole.o: char/vconsole.h
-block/ramdisk.o: functions.h hos_defines.h sys/io.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h
-block/ramdisk.o: lang/lang.h block/ramdisk.h devices.h
-devices.o: hos_defines.h devices.h char/misc_char.h char/misc_char.h
-devices.o: char/vconsole.h block/ramdisk.h
-fs/vfs.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h functions.h sys/io.h lang/lang.h
-fs/vfs.o: fs/vfs.h devices.h fs/FileSystem.h fs/OpenDirectory.h fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/vfs.o: lang/string.h fs/VFSMount.h fs/FileSystem.h fs/ext2/ext2.h fs/vfs.h
-fs/vfs.o: lang/vector.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: display/kout.h hos_defines.h mm/vmm.h multiboot.h lang/lang.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: fs/ext2/ext2.h fs/vfs.h devices.h fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: fs/OpenDirectory.h fs/vfs.h fs/OpenFile.h lang/string.h
-fs/ext2/ext2.o: fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: display/kout.h hos_defines.h fs/vfs.h devices.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: fs/sysfs/sysfs.h fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h lang/vector.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs.o: lang/string.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o: fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h lang/vector.h hos_defines.h
-fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.o: lang/string.h
-sys/pci.o: hos_defines.h display/kout.h sys/io.h sys/pci.h lang/vector.h
-proc/proc.o: hos_defines.h mm/mm.h kernel.h multiboot.h mm/vmm.h lang/lang.h
-proc/proc.o: functions.h sys/io.h display/kout.h proc/proc.h proc/hash.h
-proc/proc.o: lang/vector.h
-proc/hash.o: hos_defines.h proc/hash.h lang/vector.h display/kout.h mm/vmm.h
-proc/hash.o: multiboot.h
-fs/OpenFile.o: fs/OpenFile.h hos_defines.h
-fs/OpenDirectory.o: fs/vfs.h hos_defines.h devices.h fs/OpenDirectory.h
-fs/OpenDirectory.o: fs/OpenFile.h lang/string.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: display/kout.h hos_defines.h lang/lang.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: fs/vfs.h devices.h fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: fs/OpenDirectory.h fs/vfs.h fs/OpenFile.h
-fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.o: lang/string.h fs/ext2/ext2.h
--- a/kernel/block/ramdisk.cpp
+++ b/kernel/block/ramdisk.cpp
@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-// ramdisk.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/20/04
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-extern "C"
-{
-#include "functions.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-}
-
-#include "block/ramdisk.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-
-ramdisk_t *ramdisks[256];
-
-minor_t ramdisk_new(u32_t size)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-	{
-		if (!ramdisks[i])
-		{
-			void *start;
-			if (( start = kmalloc(size) ))
-			{
-				ramdisks[i] = (ramdisk_t *)New(ramdisk_t);
-				ramdisks[i]->start = start;
-				ramdisks[i]->size = size;
-				return i;
-			}
-			return -2;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-minor_t	ramdisk_register(void *ramdisk, u32_t size)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-	{
-		if (!ramdisks[i])
-		{
-			ramdisks[i] = (ramdisk_t *)New(ramdisk_t);
-			ramdisks[i]->start = ramdisk;
-			ramdisks[i]->size = size;
-			return i;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	ramdisk_remove(minor_t minor)
-{
-	if (ramdisks[minor])
-	{
-		kfree(ramdisks[minor]->start);
-		kfree(ramdisks[minor]);
-		ramdisks[minor] = NULL;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-
-int Ramdisk::block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (!ramdisks[minor])
-		return -1;
-	if ((blockStart << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG) >= ramdisks[minor]->size)
-		return -2;
-	void *rdAddr = (void *)((u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start + (blockStart << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG));
-	u32_t copyLen = min(blocks << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG, ramdisks[minor]->size + (u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start - (u32_t)rdAddr);
-	memcpyd(buffer, rdAddr, copyLen >> 2);
-	return copyLen;
-}
-
-int Ramdisk::block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (!ramdisks[minor])
-		return -1;
-	if ((blockStart << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG) >= ramdisks[minor]->size)
-		return -2;
-	void *rdAddr = (void *)((u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start + (blockStart << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG));
-	u32_t copyLen = min(blocks << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG, ramdisks[minor]->size + (u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start - (u32_t)rdAddr);
-	memcpyd(rdAddr, buffer, copyLen >> 2);
-	return copyLen;
-}
-
--- a/kernel/block/ramdisk.h
+++ b/kernel/block/ramdisk.h
@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-// ramdisk.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/20/04
-// Modified: 08/22/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_RD_H__
-#define __HOS_RD_H__ __HOS_RD_H__
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-
-typedef struct {
-	void	*start;
-	u32_t	size;
-} ramdisk_t;
-
-minor_t ramdisk_new(u32_t size);
-minor_t	ramdisk_register(void *ramdisk, u32_t size);
-int	ramdisk_remove(minor_t minor);
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-}
-
-class Ramdisk : public DeviceDriver
-{
-public:
-	int block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-	int block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/block/ramdisk_old.c
+++ b/kernel/block/ramdisk_old.c
@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-// ramdisk.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/20/04
-// Modified: 08/22/04
-
-#include "block/ramdisk.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-
-ramdisk_t *ramdisks[256];
-
-int	ramdisk_init(major_t major)
-{
-	dev_driver_t *ramdisk_driver;
-	if (( ramdisk_driver = New(dev_driver_t) ))
-	{
-		ramdisk_driver->block_read = ramdisk_block_read;
-		ramdisk_driver->block_write = ramdisk_block_write;
-		devices_register_major('b', major, ramdisk_driver);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-minor_t ramdisk_new(u32_t size)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-	{
-		if (!ramdisks[i])
-		{
-			void *start;
-			if (( start = kmalloc(size) ))
-			{
-				ramdisks[i] = New(ramdisk_t);
-				ramdisks[i]->start = start;
-				ramdisks[i]->size = size;
-				return i;
-			}
-			return -2;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-minor_t	ramdisk_register(void *ramdisk, u32_t size)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-	{
-		if (!ramdisks[i])
-		{
-		  ramdisks[i] = New(ramdisk_t);
-			ramdisks[i]->start = ramdisk;
-			ramdisks[i]->size = size;
-			return i;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	ramdisk_remove(minor_t minor)
-{
-	if (ramdisks[minor])
-	{
-		kfree(ramdisks[minor]->start);
-		kfree(ramdisks[minor]);
-		ramdisks[minor] = NULL;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	ramdisk_block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockNum, u32_t count, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (!ramdisks[minor])
-		return -1;
-	if ((blockNum << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG) >= ramdisks[minor]->size)
-		return -2;
-	void *rdAddr = ramdisks[minor]->start + (blockNum << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG);
-	u32_t copyLen = min(count << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG, ramdisks[minor]->size + (u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start - (u32_t)rdAddr);
-	memcpyd(buffer, rdAddr, copyLen >> 2);
-	return copyLen;
-}
-
-int	ramdisk_block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockNum, u32_t count, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (!ramdisks[minor])
-		return -1;
-	if ((blockNum << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG) >= ramdisks[minor]->size)
-		return -2;
-	void *rdAddr = ramdisks[minor]->start + (blockNum << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG);
-	u32_t copyLen = min(count << BLOCK_SIZE_LOG, ramdisks[minor]->size + (u32_t)ramdisks[minor]->start - (u32_t)rdAddr);
-	memcpyd(rdAddr, buffer, copyLen >> 2);
-	return copyLen;
-}
-
-
--- a/kernel/block/ramdisk_old.h
+++ b/kernel/block/ramdisk_old.h
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-// ramdisk.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/20/04
-// Modified: 08/22/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_RD_H__
-#define __HOS_RD_H__ __HOS_RD_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-
-typedef struct {
-	void	*start;
-	u32_t	size;
-} ramdisk_t;
-
-int	ramdisk_init(major_t major);
-minor_t ramdisk_new(u32_t size);
-minor_t	ramdisk_register(void *ramdisk, u32_t size);
-int	ramdisk_remove(minor_t minor);
-int	ramdisk_block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockNum, u32_t count, void *buffer);
-int	ramdisk_block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockNum, u32_t count, void *buffer);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/boot.asm
+++ b/kernel/boot.asm
@ -1,236 +0,0 @@
-;boot.asm
-;Author: Josh Holtrop
-;Date: 07/08/04
-;Modified: 11/01/05
-
-
-%define	MULTIBOOT_MAGIC	0x1BADB002
-%define	MULTIBOOT_FLAGS	0x00010003
-
-%define VIRT_OFFSET	0xC0000000	;3gb virtual address
-%define PHYS_START	0x00100000	;1mb physical address
-%define VIRT_STACK_TOP	0xD0000000	;3gb+256mb virtual address
-%define GDT_P	PHYS_START		;1mb physical - Global Descriptor Table space
-%define GDT_V	GDT_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define IDT_P	PHYS_START+0x2000	;1mb+8kb - Interrupt Descriptor Table space
-%define IDT_V	IDT_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define PDBR_P	PHYS_START+0x4000	;1mb+16kb - Page Directory Base Register (first PD)
-%define PDBR_V	PDBR_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define LOPT_P	PHYS_START+0x5000	;1mb+20kb - LOw Page Table for mapping first 4mb
-%define LOPT_V	LOPT_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define PT_STACK_P PHYS_START+0x6000	;1mb+24kb - page table for initial kernel stack pages (under 0xD0000000)
-%define PT_STACK_V PT_STACK_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define STACK_P	PHYS_START+0x7000	;1mb+28kb - initial 4kb kernel stack page
-%define STACK_V	STACK_P+VIRT_OFFSET
-%define KERNEL_P PHYS_START+0x8000	;1mb+32kb - the kernel's physical address
-%define KERNEL_V KERNEL_P+VIRT_OFFSET	;3gb+1mb+32kb, the virtual address of the kernel
-
-extern _k_init, _isr, _k_mbsave, _end, _rm_params, _initrd, _tss0
-	
-[bits 32]
-
-[global _start]
-_start:
-
-multiboot_header:
-	dd	MULTIBOOT_MAGIC					;magic
-	dd	MULTIBOOT_FLAGS					;flags
-	dd	-(MULTIBOOT_MAGIC + MULTIBOOT_FLAGS)		;checksum
-
-	dd	multiboot_header-VIRT_OFFSET			;header_addr
-	dd	_start-VIRT_OFFSET				;load_addr
-	dd	0						;load_end_addr
-	dd	_end-VIRT_OFFSET				;bss_end_addr
-	dd	multiboot_entry-VIRT_OFFSET			;entry_addr
-
-;	dd	1						;mode_type
-;	dd	80						;width
-;	dd	25						;height
-;	dd	0						;depth
-
-[global multiboot_entry]
-multiboot_entry:
-;This is where the kernel begins execution from the bootloader.
-;At this point, a temporary gdt is set up to "map" 0xC000_0000 to 0x0.
-	cli					;should already be off...
-	lgdt	[gdtrbs32-VIRT_OFFSET]
-	jmp	KERNEL_CODE_BS32:segmented_start
-segmented_start:
-	mov	cx, KERNEL_DATA_BS32
-	mov	ss, cx
-	mov	ds, cx
-	mov	es, cx
-	mov	gs, cx
-	mov	fs, cx
-	mov	esp, STACK_V+0x1000		;ok, now we can access our data
-
-;Then the multiboot info structures are saved to local data variables.
-	add	ebx, VIRT_OFFSET
-	push	eax
-	push	ebx				;pointer to multiboot info structure
-	call	_k_mbsave			;save multiboot info structures
-	add	esp, 8
-
-	cmp	eax, 0				; eax = pointer to mb_module_t struct for rmmod
-	jz	pm_return
-
-;go back to real mode to initialize video mode
-	mov	ebx, eax			; pointer to mb_module_t
-	mov	ecx, [ebx+4]			; end of module
-	mov	eax, [ebx]			; start of module
-	mov	esi, eax			; start of module
-	sub	ecx, eax			; ecx = length of rmmod
-	shr	ecx, 2				; ecx = length of rmmod in dwords
-	mov	edi, 0xC0005000			; where to copy rmmod to (0x5000 physical)
-	
-	rep	movsd				; copy rmmod to first 1mb
-	
-	mov	ebx, pm_return			; return address
-	mov	ecx, _rm_params			; put real mode params here (video mode etc...)
-	sub	ecx, VIRT_OFFSET
-	
-	jmp	0xC0005010			; jump to rmmod
-
-;Next we enable paging with the first 4mb mapped 1:1 virtual:physical
-; and with the 4mb starting at 0xC000_0000 mapped to the first 4mb physical.
-pm_return:
-	mov	esp, STACK_V+0x1000		;ok, now we can access our data again
-	xor	eax, eax
-	mov	edi, PDBR_V
-	mov	ecx, 1024			;clear the PDBR
-	rep stosd
-	mov	edi, PT_STACK_V
-	mov	ecx, 1024			;clear the PT_STACK
-	rep stosd
-	mov	[PDBR_V], dword LOPT_P|0x03		;store the physical address of the LOw Page Table | (read/write, present)
-	mov	[PDBR_V+0xC00], dword LOPT_P|0x03	;store the physical address of the LOw Page Table | (read/write, present)
-	mov	[PDBR_V+0xCFC], dword PT_STACK_P|0x03	;store the physical address of the initial stack page page table | (read/write, present)
-	mov	[PDBR_V+0xFFC], dword PDBR_P|0x03	;store the physical address of the page directory (identity map) | (read/write, present)
-	mov	[PT_STACK_V+0xFFC], dword STACK_P|0x03	;store the physical address of the initial stack page | (read/write, present)
-
-	mov	edi, LOPT_V
-	mov	ecx, 1024
-	mov	eax, 0x03			;starting physical address = 0x0 | (read/write, present flags)
-fill_lopt_loop:					;fill the page table
-	stosd
-	add	eax, 4096			;increment next phsyical address by 4kb
-	loop	fill_lopt_loop
-
-	mov	eax, PDBR_P
-	mov	cr3, eax			;store the Page Directory Base Address
-	mov	eax, cr0
-	or	eax, 0x80000000			;set Page Enable bit
-	mov	cr0, eax			;now paging is active!
-
-	mov	edi, GDT_V
-	mov	esi, gdt
-	mov	ecx, gdt_end-gdt
-	rep movsb
-
-	mov	edi, IDT_V			;destination
-	mov	esi, isr_0			;address of isr0
-	mov	edx, isr_1-isr_0		;distance between isr labels
-	mov	ecx, 50				;number of isrlabels
-fill_idt:
-	mov	ebx, esi
-	mov	ax, si
-	stosw					;0 offset 15:0
-	mov	ax, KERNEL_CODE
-	stosw					;2 selector 15:0
-	mov	ax, 0x8E00
-	stosw					;4 [P][DPL][0][TYPE][0][0][0][0][0][0][0][0]
-	shr	esi, 16
-	mov	ax, si
-	stosw					;6 offset 31:16
-	mov	esi, ebx
-	add	esi, edx
-	loop	fill_idt
-	mov	word	[IDT_V+0x30*8+4], 0xEE00	;interrupt 0x30 has user priviledges
-
-;Then we can start using our "real" gdt, then unmap the lower 4mb.
-	lgdt	[gdtr]				;load gdt
-	jmp	KERNEL_CODE:newgdtcontinue
-newgdtcontinue:
-	mov	ax, KERNEL_DATA
-	mov	es, ax
-	mov	ds, ax
-	mov	gs, ax
-	mov	fs, ax
-	mov	ss, ax
-	mov	esp, VIRT_STACK_TOP		;stack just under 3gb+256mb, moves downward
-	lidt	[idtr]				;load idt
-	mov	[PDBR_V], dword 0		;unmap 0x0, we are running completely paged at 0xC000_0000
-
-	mov	edi, GDT_V + TSS0_SEG + 2	; copy _tss0 base address
-	mov	eax, _tss0			;  into the GDT descrtiptor
-	stosw					;  for TSS0
-	shr	eax, 16
-	stosb
-	add	edi, 2
-	shr	eax, 8
-	stosb
-
-	call	_k_init				;C kernel initialization
-
-	mov	ax, TSS0_SEG
-	ltr	ax
-
-	mov	eax, esp
-	push	KERNEL_DATA
-	push	eax
-
-idle_loop:					; system idle loop
-	sti
-	hlt
-	jmp	idle_loop
-
-;-------------------------------------------------------
-gdtrbs32:
-	dw	gdt_endbs32-gdtbs32-1
-	dd	gdtbs32-VIRT_OFFSET
-gdtbs32:			; 0 = null descriptor
-	dd	0
-	dd	0
-
-	;a base of 0x4000_0000, when added to 0xC000_0000 will produce 0x0000_0000 physical before paging in effect
-KERNEL_CODE_BS32 equ $-gdtbs32	; 8
-	db	0xff		;limit	7:0
-	db	0xff		;limit	15:8
-	db	0x00		;base	7:0
-	db	0x00		;base	15:8
-	db	0x00		;base	23:16
-	db	0x9a		;access
-	db	0xcf		;flags / limit 19:16
-	db	0x40		;base	31:24
-
-KERNEL_DATA_BS32 equ $-gdtbs32	; 16
-	db	0xff		;limit	7:0
-	db	0xff		;limit	15:8
-	db	0x00		;base	7:0
-	db	0x00		;base	15:8
-	db	0x00		;base	23:16
-	db	0x92		;access
-	db	0xcf		;flags / limit 19:16
-	db	0x40		;base	31:24
-
-KERNEL_CODE_BS6_ equ $-gdtbs32	; 24
-	dw	0xffff		;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000		;base  15:0
-	db	0x00		;base  23:16
-	db	0x9A		;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0x00		;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00		;base  31:24
-
-KERNEL_DATA_BS16 equ $-gdtbs32	; 32
-	dw	0xffff		;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000		;base  15:0
-	db	0x00		;base  23:16
-	db	0x92		;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0x00		;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00		;base  31:24
-
-gdt_endbs32:
-
-%include "gdt.inc"
-%include "idt.inc"
-
--- a/kernel/boot/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/boot/Makefile
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+include $(HOS_TOPLEVEL)/subdir.mak
--- a/kernel/boot/boot.asm
+++ b/kernel/boot/boot.asm
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+; boot.asm
+; Author: Josh Holtrop
+; Date: 2009-06-25
+; Adapted from HOS 0.16 source
+
+%define CONSOLE_MEMORY              0xB8000
+
+; Symbols from C
+extern k_bootstrap, bootstrap_stack
+
+;**************************************************************************
+;* This is the entry point for the kernel.                                *
+;**************************************************************************
+[global start]
+start:
+    mov     cx, 0x0700 + 'a'
+    mov     [CONSOLE_MEMORY+160*8+0*2], cx
+
+    mov     esp, bootstrap_stack+4096       ; set up temporary stack space
+
+    push    eax                             ; multiboot bootloader magic value
+    push    ebx                             ; pointer to multiboot info struct
+    call    k_bootstrap
--- a/kernel/boot/k_bootstrap.cc
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_bootstrap.cc
@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+
+#include "k_bootstrap.h"
+#include "k_main.h"
+#include "hos_types.h"
+#include "hos_defines.h"
+#include "multiboot.h"
+#include "sys/cpu.h"
+#include "k_early_panic.h"
+#include "mm/mm.h"
+#include "mm/stack.h"
+#include "lang/kio.h"
+#include "isr/interrupts.h"
+
+#define DEBUG_LETTER(col,chr) *(u16_t *)(KERNEL_OFFSET + CONSOLE_MEMORY \
+                                  + 160 * 8 + (col) * 2) \
+                                  = 0x0700 | (chr)
+extern "C" {
+
+u8_t bootstrap_stack[4096];
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ * Multiboot header data block                                            *
+ *************************************************************************/
+u32_t mb_header[] __attribute__ ((section (".multiboot_header") )) = {
+    MB_HEADER_MAGIC,                            /* magic */
+    MB_HEADER_FLAGS,                            /* flags */
+    -(MB_HEADER_MAGIC + MB_HEADER_FLAGS)        /* checksum */
+};
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ * This function is invoked to bootstrap the kernel.                      *
+ *************************************************************************/
+void k_bootstrap(mb_info_t * mb_info, u32_t mb_magic)
+{
+    DEBUG_LETTER(1, 'b');
+
+    if (mb_magic != MB_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)
+    {
+        k_early_panic("Bad multiboot magic identifier!");
+    }
+
+    if ( ! (mb_info->flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_MMAP) )
+    {
+        k_early_panic("No memory map provided by bootloader!");
+    }
+
+    for (mb_mmap_t * mmap = (mb_mmap_t *) (mb_info->mmap_addr + KERNEL_OFFSET),
+                   * end = (mb_mmap_t *) ((u32_t)mmap + mb_info->mmap_length);
+         mmap < end;
+         mmap = (mb_mmap_t *) (((u32_t)mmap) + mmap->size + 4))
+    {
+//        kprintf(" ** size: %d, type: %d ", mmap->size, mmap->type);
+        mm_record_mmap_entry(mmap);
+    }
+
+    DEBUG_LETTER(2, 'c');
+
+    /*
+     * These functions could destroy the multiboot information block and
+     * associated structures, so we must be finished reading those structures
+     * before calling them.
+     */
+    mm_bootstrap();
+    DEBUG_LETTER(3, 'd');
+    interrupts_bootstrap();
+    DEBUG_LETTER(4, 'e');
+    kio_bootstrap();
+    DEBUG_LETTER(5, 'f');
+
+    /* begin using the permanent stack */
+    write_esp(KERNEL_STACK_TOP);
+    k_main();
+
+    idle_loop();
+}
+
+void idle_loop()
+{
+    for (;;)
+    {
+        __asm__ __volatile__ ("hlt");
+    }
+}
+
+} /* extern "C" */
--- a/kernel/boot/k_bootstrap.h
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_bootstrap.h
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+#ifndef K_BOOTSTRAP_H
+#define K_BOOTSTRAP_H
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+#include "multiboot.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+void k_bootstrap(mb_info_t * mb_info, u32_t mb_magic)
+    __attribute__ ((noreturn));
+void idle_loop()
+    __attribute__ ((noreturn));
+
+}
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/boot/k_early_panic.c
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_early_panic.c
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+#include "hos_defines.h"
+#include "k_early_panic.h"
+
+void k_early_panic(const char * msg)
+{
+    char * dest = (char *) (CONSOLE_MEMORY + KERNEL_OFFSET);
+    while (*msg)
+    {
+        *dest++ = *msg++;
+        *dest++ = 0x04;         /* red error message */
+    }
+
+    /* infinite loop */
+    for (;;)
+        ;
+}
--- a/kernel/boot/k_early_panic.h
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_early_panic.h
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+#ifndef K_EARLY_PANIC_H
+#define K_EARLY_PANIC_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void k_early_panic(const char * msg);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/boot/k_main.cc
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_main.cc
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+#include "k_main.h"
+#include "lang/kio.h"
+#include "mm/mm.h"
+#include "sys/timer.h"
+#include "sys/pic.h"
+#include "isr/interrupts.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+void k_main()
+{
+    kprintf("Kernel load address: 0x%08x\n", KERNEL_CODE);
+    kprintf("Kernel code size: %d KB (%d bytes)\n",
+            (KERNEL_DATA - KERNEL_CODE) >> 10, KERNEL_DATA - KERNEL_CODE);
+    kprintf("Kernel data size: %d KB (%d bytes)\n",
+            (KERNEL_BSS - KERNEL_DATA) >> 10, KERNEL_BSS - KERNEL_DATA);
+    kprintf("Kernel bss size:  %d KB (%d bytes)\n",
+            (KERNEL_END - KERNEL_BSS) >> 10, KERNEL_END - KERNEL_BSS);
+    mm_print_memory_map();
+    timer_init(KERNEL_TIMER_FREQ);
+    pic_remap(0x20, 0x28);
+    pic_mask1(0x0);
+    pic_mask2(0x0);
+    interrupts_enable();
+}
+
+} /* extern "C" */
--- a/kernel/boot/k_main.h
+++ b/kernel/boot/k_main.h
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+#ifndef K_MAIN_H
+#define K_MAIN_H
+
+extern "C" {
+
+void k_main();
+
+}
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/char/keyboard.c
+++ b/kernel/char/keyboard.c
@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-// keyboard.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Created: 04/17/03
-// Modified: 05/19/05
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "char/keyboard.h"
-#include "sys/io.h"			// inportb, outportb
-#include "functions.h"
-#include "lang/conv.h"			// asciiSwitchCase()
-#include "display/kout.h"		// kprintf()
-#include "display/display.h"		// display_activate()
-
-u8_t	kbdFlags = 0;			// holds current keyboard flags - caps/num/scroll/shift/ctrl/alt
-u8_t	lastWasE0 = 0;			// was the last byte 0x0E ?
-u8_t	rawIgnore = 0;			// how many signals to blatantly ignore
-u8_t	ackReason = 0;			// used to record the reason why we would get an acknowledge byte (0xFA)
-
-//these arrays convert a keyboard scan code to an ASCII character value
-const u8_t SCAN2ASCII[129] =		// for normal keys
-	"\000\0331234567890-=\010\011"	// null,esc,1234567890-=,bksp,tab
-	"qwertyuiop[]\n\000as"		// qwertyuiop[],enter,lctrl,as
-	"dfghjkl;'`\000\\zxcv"		// dfghjkl;'`,lshift,\zxcv
-	"bnm,./\000*\000 \000\000\000\000\000\000"	// bnm,./,rshift,*,alt,space,caps,f1,f2,f3,f4,f5
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000-\000\000\000+\000"		// f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,num,scrl,home,up,pgup,dash,left,center,right,plus,end
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"	// down,pgdn,ins,del,?,?,?,f11,f12,?,?,winL,winR,menu,?,?
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"	// ?
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000";	// ?
-const u8_t SCAN2ASCII2[129] =		// for shifted or numlocked keys
-	"\000\033!@#$%^&*()_+\010\011"	// null,esc,!@#$%^&*()_+,bksp,tab
-	"QWERTYUIOP{}\n\000AS"		// QWERTYUIOP{},enter,lctrl,AS
-	"DFGHJKL:\"~\000|ZXCV"		// DFGHJKL:"~,lshift,|ZXCV
-	"BNM<>?\000*\000 \000\000\000\000\000\000"	// BNM<>?,rshift,*,alt,space,caps,f1,f2,f3,f4,f5
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000789-456+1"		// f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,num,scrl,789-456+1
-	"230.\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"			// 230.,?,?,?,f11,f12,?,?,winL,winR,menu,?,?
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"	// ?
-	"\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000";	// ?
-
-// The Keyboard Interrupt Service Routine
-void isr_keyboard()
-{
-	u8_t kbdScan = inportb(0x60);
-	u8_t inState = inportb(0x61);
-	outportb(0x61, inState|0x80);
-	outportb(0x61, inState);
-	
-	if (kbdScan == 0xFA)	//250				// ACKnowledge
-	{
-		//printf("KBD_ACK 0x%x!\n", ackReason);
-		switch (ackReason)
-		{
-		case 0xED:					// reset LEDs
-			outportb(0x60, (kbdFlags & 0x07));
-			break;
-		}
-		ackReason = 0;
-	}
-	if (rawIgnore)						// ignore keycodes
-	{
-		rawIgnore--;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (lastWasE0 && (kbdScan == 0x2A || kbdScan == 0xAA))	// ignore extended "shift"
-	{
-		lastWasE0 = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (kbdScan == 0xE0)					// 0xE0 == extended key
-	{
-		lastWasE0 = 1;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (kbdScan == 0xE1)					// 0xE1 == 2nd-set-extended key
-	{
-		rawIgnore = 2;
-		return;
-	}
-	
-	switch (kbdScan)					// handle control keys
-	{
-	case KBD_SCAN_LSHIFT:
-		kbdFlags |= KBDF_SHIFT;
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_RSHIFT:
-		kbdFlags |= KBDF_SHIFT;
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_CTRL:
-		kbdFlags |= KBDF_CTRL;
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_ALT:
-		kbdFlags |= KBDF_ALT;			
-		break;
-
-	case KBD_SCAN_LSHIFT + KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags &= (KBDF_SHIFT ^ 0xFF);
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_RSHIFT + KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags &= (KBDF_SHIFT ^ 0xFF);
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_CTRL + KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags &= (KBDF_CTRL ^ 0xFF);
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_ALT + KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags &= (KBDF_ALT ^ 0xFF);
-		break;
-
-	case KBD_SCAN_CAPS+KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags ^= KBDF_CAPS;
-		kbd_resetLEDs();				// update LEDs
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_SCROLL+KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags ^= KBDF_SCROLL;
-		kbd_resetLEDs();				// update LEDs
-		break;
-	case KBD_SCAN_NUM+KBD_SCAN_RELEASED:
-		kbdFlags ^= KBDF_NUM;
-		kbd_resetLEDs();				// update LEDs
-		break;
-	}
-	u8_t kbdAscii;
-		// shift or (numlock and key from numpad)
-	if ( (kbdFlags & KBDF_SHIFT) || ((kbdFlags & KBDF_NUM) && (kbdScan >= 71) && (kbdScan <= 83)) )
-		kbdAscii = SCAN2ASCII2[kbdScan & 0x7F];
-	else	// normal key
-		kbdAscii = SCAN2ASCII[kbdScan & 0x7F];
-	if (kbdFlags & KBDF_CAPS)
-		kbdAscii = asciiSwitchCase(kbdAscii);		// won't affect non-letter characters
-
-//====do something with key::
-//	kprintf("kbdScan = \e[31;1m0x%x\e[0m\tkbdAscii = \e[1;32m0x%x\e[0m (\e[35m%c\e[0m)\tkbdFlags = \e[34m0x%x\e[0m\n", kbdScan, kbdAscii, kbdAscii, kbdFlags);
-	if ((kbdScan == 83) && (kbdFlags & KBDF_CTRL) && (kbdFlags & KBDF_ALT))
-	{
-		kprintf("Initiating reboot.");
-		restart();
-	}
-	if (kbdScan & KBD_SCAN_RELEASED)
-		kbdAscii = 0;
-
-	// send a key event to the display subsystem
-	display_key_event((kbdFlags << 16) | (kbdScan << 8) | kbdAscii);
-}
-
-//Resets the keyboard LEDs to reflect the current state of the num lock, caps lock, and scroll lock bits
-void	kbd_resetLEDs()
-{
-	outportb(0x60, 0xED);
-	ackReason = 0xED;
-}
-
-
-
--- a/kernel/char/keyboard.h
+++ b/kernel/char/keyboard.h
@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-// keyboard.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Created: 04/17/03
-// Modified: 05/19/05
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-#ifndef __HOS_KEYBOARD__
-#define __HOS_KEYBOARD__ __HOS_KEYBOARD__
-
-#define KBDF_SCROLL	0x01
-#define KBDF_NUM	0x02
-#define KBDF_CAPS	0x04
-#define KBDF_SHIFT	0x10
-#define KBDF_CTRL	0x20
-#define KBDF_ALT	0x40
-
-#define KBD_SCAN_RELEASED	0x80
-
-#define KBD_SCAN_CTRL	29
-#define KBD_SCAN_LSHIFT	42
-#define KBD_SCAN_RSHIFT	54
-#define KBD_SCAN_ALT	56
-#define KBD_SCAN_SCROLL	70
-#define KBD_SCAN_CAPS	58
-#define KBD_SCAN_NUM	69
-
-#define KBD_ASCII(x) ((x) & 0xFF)
-#define KBD_SCAN(x) (((x) >> 8) & 0xFF)
-#define KBD_FLAGS(x) (((x) >> 16) &0xFF)
-
-void	isr_keyboard();
-void	kbd_resetLEDs();
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/char/misc_char.cpp
+++ b/kernel/char/misc_char.cpp
@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-// misc_char.cpp
-// Miscellaneous character devices
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/11/05
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "misc_char.h"
-#include "sys/io.h"
-
-int MiscChar::char_read(minor_t minor)
-{
-	switch (minor)
-	{
-	case	MISC_CHAR_NULL:
-		return DEV_EOF;
-	case	MISC_CHAR_ZERO:
-		return 0;
-	case	MISC_CHAR_LP0:
-		return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS;
-	default:
-		return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS;
-	}
-}
-
-int MiscChar::char_write(minor_t minor, int c)
-{
-	switch (minor)
-	{
-	case	MISC_CHAR_NULL:
-		return 0;
-	case	MISC_CHAR_ZERO:
-		return 0;
-	case	MISC_CHAR_LP0:
-		outportb(0x37a, 0xc);
-		outportb(0x378, c);
-		outportb(0x37a, 0x1);
-		return 0;
-	default:
-		return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS;
-	}
-}
-
--- a/kernel/char/misc_char.h
+++ b/kernel/char/misc_char.h
@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-// misc_char.h
-// Miscellaneous character devices
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/11/05
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_MISC_CHAR__
-#define __HOS_MISC_CHAR__ __HOS_MISC_CHAR__
-
-#define MISC_CHAR_NULL	3
-#define MISC_CHAR_ZERO	5
-#define MISC_CHAR_LP0	10
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "misc_char.h"
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-
-class MiscChar : public DeviceDriver
-{
-public:
-	int char_read(minor_t minor);
-	int char_write(minor_t minor, int c);
-
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/char/mouse.c
+++ b/kernel/char/mouse.c
@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// mouse.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 10/03/03
-// Modified: 08/02/04
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "char/mouse.h"
-#include "video/video.h"
-#include "sys/io.h"
-
-int mouse_bytesRead;
-byte mouse_inbuffer[MOUSE_BUFFER_LENGTH];
-
-//This method initializes the ps/2 mouse
-void mouse_init()
-{
-	outportb(0x64, 0x20);		//tell keyboard controller we are going to read keyboard controller command byte
-	byte temp = inportb(0x60);	//read keyboard controller command byte
-	outportb(0x64, 0x60);		//tell keyboard controller we are going to write keyboard controller command byte
-	outportb(0x60, 0x03 | (temp & 0x40));	//write keyboard controller command byte: enable mouse/keyboard ints, include original XLATE bit from temp (bit6)
-
- 	outportb(0x64, 0xA8);	//enable mouse port
-
-	outportb(0x64, 0xD4);	//send command to mouse, not kbd
-	outportb(0x60, 0xF4);	//enable data reporting
-	
-	mouse_bytesRead = 0;
-
-	//outportb(0x64, 0xD4);
-	//outportb(0x60, 0xE7);	//scaling 2:1
-}
-
-
-//This method is called when a mouse interrupt occurs
-void isr_mouse()
-{
-	byte inb = inportb(0x60);	//read mouse byte
-	if ((inb == 0xFA) && (mouse_bytesRead < 1))		//ACK
-		return;
-	mouse_inbuffer[mouse_bytesRead] = inb;
-	mouse_bytesRead++;
-	if (mouse_bytesRead == 3)	//complete packet received
-	{
-		mouse_bytesRead = 0;
-		int adjx = (char) mouse_inbuffer[1];
-		int adjy = (char) mouse_inbuffer[2];
-		// TODO: do something with adjx, adjy...
-	}
-}
-
-
-
--- a/kernel/char/mouse.h
+++ b/kernel/char/mouse.h
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-// mouse.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 10/03/03
-// Modified: 08/02/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_MOUSE__
-#define __HOS_MOUSE__ __HOS_MOUSE__
-
-#define MOUSE_BUFFER_LENGTH 16
-
-void mouse_init();
-void isr_mouse();
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/char/vconsole.cpp
+++ b/kernel/char/vconsole.cpp
@ -1,274 +0,0 @@
-// vconsole.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-extern "C"
-{
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "display/display.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-}
-
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "char/vconsole.h"
-
-VConsole *vconsoles[VCONSOLE_MAX];	// pointer to virtual console structs
-char	ansi2vgaAttr[8] = {0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7};
-
-void	vconsole_setup(int width, int height)
-{
-	for (int i = 0; i < VCONSOLE_MAX; i++)
-		vconsoles[i] = new VConsole(width, height);
-}
-
-int	vconsole_activate(u32_t id)
-{
-	if (id >= VCONSOLE_MAX)
-		return -1;
-	vconsoles[id]->activate();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	vconsole_deactivate(u32_t id)
-{
-	if (id >= VCONSOLE_MAX)
-		return -1;
-	vconsoles[id]->deactivate();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-VConsoleDriver::~VConsoleDriver()
-{
-	for (int i = 0; i < VCONSOLE_MAX; i++)
-		if (vconsoles[i])
-			delete vconsoles[i];
-}
-
-int VConsoleDriver::char_write(minor_t minor, int c)
-{
-	if (minor < 0 || minor >= VCONSOLE_MAX)
-		return -1;
-	if (!vconsoles[minor])
-		return -2;
-	return vconsoles[minor]->char_write(c);
-}
-
-VConsole::VConsole(int width, int height)
-{
-	myBuffer = new u16_t[width * height];
-	myBuffer2 = NULL;
-	myWidth = width;
-	myHeight = height;
-	myAttribute = myForeground = 0x07;
-	memsetw(myBuffer, 0x0720, width * height);
-	myCursorPosition = 0;
-	myCursorStackPosition = myEscapeLevel = myEscapePosition = myBackground =
-		myBold = myReverse = myBlink = myConcealed = myActive = 0;
-	
-}
-
-VConsole::~VConsole()
-{
-	delete[] myBuffer;
-}
-
-void VConsole::activate()
-{
-	if (myActive)			// don't activate if already active
-		return;
-	myActive = 1;
-	myBuffer2 = myBuffer;
-	myBuffer = (u16_t *)CONSOLE_MEMORY;
-	memcpyd(myBuffer, myBuffer2, (myWidth * myHeight) >> 1);
-	writeCursorPosition(myCursorPosition);
-}
-
-void VConsole::deactivate()
-{
-	if (!myActive)			// don't deactivate non-active console
-		return;
-	myActive = 0;
-	myBuffer = myBuffer2;
-	myBuffer2 = NULL;
-	memcpyd(myBuffer, (u16_t *)CONSOLE_MEMORY, (myWidth * myHeight) >> 1);
-}
-
-int VConsole::char_write(int c)
-{
-	int cursorY = myCursorPosition / myWidth;
-	int cursorX = myCursorPosition % myWidth;
-	switch (myEscapeLevel)
-	{
-	case 2:
-		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')	// c is part of an escape value
-		{
-			myEscapeValue[myEscapePosition] *= 10;
-			myEscapeValue[myEscapePosition] += c - '0';
-			return 0;
-		}
-		else if (c == ';')
-		{
-			if (myEscapePosition < 7)
-				myEscapePosition++;
-			return 0;
-		}
-		switch (c)
-		{
-			case 'A':	// move cursor up n rows
-				update_cursor_coord(cursorY - myEscapeValue[0], cursorX);
-				break;
-			case 'B':	// move cursor down n rows
-				update_cursor_coord(cursorY + myEscapeValue[0], cursorX);
-				break;
-			case 'C':	// move cursor left n columns
-				update_cursor_coord(cursorY, cursorX - myEscapeValue[0]);
-				break;
-			case 'D':	// move cursor right n columns
-				update_cursor_coord(cursorY, cursorX + myEscapeValue[0]);
-				break;
-			case 'H':
-			case 'f':	// move cursor to position (x,y) upper left is (1,1)
-				update_cursor_coord(myEscapeValue[1] - 1, myEscapeValue[0] - 1);
-				break;
-			case 'J':	// clear screen, home cursor
-				memsetw(myBuffer, 0x0720, myWidth * myHeight);
-				update_cursor_coord(0, 0);
-				break;
-			case 'K':	// erase line from cursor position (including char. under cursor) to end of line
-				memsetw(myBuffer + myCursorPosition, 0x0720, myWidth - cursorX);
-				break;
-			case 's':	// push cursor position on an internal stack
-				if (myCursorStackPosition < 16)
-					myCursorStack[myCursorStackPosition++] = myCursorPosition;
-				break;
-			case 'u':	// pop cursor position from stack
-				if (myCursorStackPosition > 0)
-					update_cursor(myCursorStack[--myCursorStackPosition]);
-				break;
-			case 'm':	// set text attributes
-				for (int evalEscapePosition = 0; evalEscapePosition <= myEscapePosition; evalEscapePosition++)
-				{
-					switch (myEscapeValue[evalEscapePosition])
-					{
-					case 0:
-						myForeground = 0x07;
-						myBackground = myConcealed = myReverse = myBlink = myBold = 0;
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					case 1:
-						myBold = 1;
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					case 5:
-						myBlink = 1;
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					case 7:
-						myReverse = 1;
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					case 30: case 31: case 32: case 33: case 34: case 35: case 36: case 37:
-						myForeground = ansi2vgaAttr[myEscapeValue[evalEscapePosition] - 30];
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					case 40: case 41: case 42: case 43: case 44: case 45: case 46: case 47:
-						myBackground = ansi2vgaAttr[myEscapeValue[evalEscapePosition] - 40];
-						update_attribute();
-						break;
-					}
-				}
-				myEscapePosition = 0;
-				break;
-		}
-		memsetd(myEscapeValue, 0, 8);
-		myEscapePosition = 0;
-		myEscapeLevel = 0;
-		return 0;
-	case 1:
-		if (c == '[')
-			myEscapeLevel = 2;
-			break;
-		myEscapeLevel = 0;
-		return 0;	// invalid escape sequence
-	default:
-		if (c == '\e')
-		{
-			myEscapeLevel = 1;
-			return 0;
-		}
-		put_char(c);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-void	VConsole::put_char(int c)
-{
-	if (!myConcealed)
-	{
-		switch (c)
-		{
-		case '\t':
-			if (myCursorPosition % 8)
-				update_cursor(myCursorPosition + (8 - (myCursorPosition % 8)));
-			else
-				update_cursor(myCursorPosition + 8);
-			break;
-		case '\n':
-			if (myCursorPosition % myWidth)
-				update_cursor(myCursorPosition + (myWidth - (myCursorPosition % myWidth)));
-			else
-				update_cursor(myCursorPosition + myWidth);
-			break;
-		default:
-			myBuffer[myCursorPosition] = c | (myAttribute << 8);
-			update_cursor(myCursorPosition + 1);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-void	VConsole::update_cursor_coord(int y, int x)
-{
-	if (y < 0)
-		y = 0;
-	else if (y >= myHeight)
-		y = myHeight - 1;
-	if (x < 0)
-		x = 0;
-	else if (x >= myWidth)
-		x = myWidth - 1;
-	update_cursor(myWidth * y + x);
-}
-
-void	VConsole::update_cursor(u16_t position)
-{
-	myCursorPosition = position;
-	if (position >= (myWidth * myHeight))	// time to scroll console
-	{
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < myCursorStackPosition; i++)
-		{
-			myCursorStack[i] -= myWidth;
-			if (myCursorStack[i] < 0)
-				myCursorStack[i] = 0;
-		}
-		myCursorPosition -= myWidth;
-		memcpyw(myBuffer, myBuffer + myWidth, myWidth * (myHeight - 1));
-		memsetw(myBuffer + (myWidth * (myHeight - 1)), 0x0720, myWidth);
-	}
-	if (myActive)
-		writeCursorPosition(position);
-}
-
-void	VConsole::update_attribute()
-{
-	if (myReverse)
-		myAttribute = myBlink << 7 | myForeground << 4 | myBold << 3 | myBackground;
-	else
-		myAttribute = myBlink << 7 | myBackground << 4 | myBold << 3 | myForeground;
-}
-
-
--- a/kernel/char/vconsole.h
+++ b/kernel/char/vconsole.h
@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-// vconsole.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_VCONSOLE__
-#define __HOS_VCONSOLE__ __HOS_VCONSOLE__
-
-#define VCONSOLE_MAX 12
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-void	vconsole_setup(int width, int height);
-int	vconsole_activate(u32_t id);
-int	vconsole_deactivate(u32_t id);
-
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-}
-
-#include "devices.h"
-
-class VConsoleDriver : public DeviceDriver
-{
-public:
-	~VConsoleDriver();
-	int char_write(minor_t minor, int c);
-};
-
-class VConsole
-{
-protected:
-	u16_t	*myBuffer;
-	u16_t	*myBuffer2;
-	u16_t	myWidth;
-	u16_t	myHeight;
-	u16_t	myCursorPosition;
-
-	short	myCursorStack[16];
-	u8_t	myCursorStackPosition;
-
-	u32_t	myEscapeValue[8];
-	u8_t	myEscapeLevel;
-	u8_t	myEscapePosition;
-
-	u8_t	myAttribute;
-	u8_t	myForeground;
-	u8_t	myBackground;
-	u8_t	myBold;
-	u8_t	myReverse;
-	u8_t	myBlink;
-	u8_t	myConcealed;
-
-	u8_t	myActive;
-
-public:
-	VConsole(int width, int height);
-	~VConsole();
-	int char_read();
-	int char_write(int c);
-	void put_char(int c);
-	void update_cursor(u16_t position);
-	void update_cursor_coord(int y, int x);
-	void update_attribute();
-	void activate();
-	void deactivate();
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/devices.cpp
+++ b/kernel/devices.cpp
@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-// devices.cpp
-// Device subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/11/05
-// Modified: 05/11/05
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "char/misc_char.h"
-#include "char/vconsole.h"
-#include "block/ramdisk.h"
-
-DeviceDriver *drivers[256];
-
-int	devices_init()
-{
-	drivers[MAJOR_MISC_CHAR] = new MiscChar();
-	drivers[MAJOR_VCONSOLE] = new VConsoleDriver();
-	drivers[MAJOR_RAMDISK] = new Ramdisk();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	block_read(major_t major, minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (drivers[major & 0xFF])
-		return drivers[major & 0xFF]->block_read(minor, blockStart, blocks, buffer);
-	return DEV_INVALID_DEVICE;
-}
-
-int	block_write(major_t major, minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (drivers[major & 0xFF])
-		return drivers[major & 0xFF]->block_write(minor, blockStart, blocks, buffer);
-	return DEV_INVALID_DEVICE;
-}
-
-int	char_read(major_t major, minor_t minor)
-{
-	if (drivers[major & 0xFF])
-		return drivers[major & 0xFF]->char_read(minor);
-	return DEV_INVALID_DEVICE;
-}
-
-int	char_write(major_t major, minor_t minor, int c)
-{
-	if (drivers[major & 0xFF])
-		return drivers[major & 0xFF]->char_write(minor, c);
-	return DEV_INVALID_DEVICE;
-}
-
-DeviceDriver::DeviceDriver() {}
-DeviceDriver::~DeviceDriver() {}
-
-int DeviceDriver::char_read(minor_t minor)
-{ return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS; }
-
-int DeviceDriver::char_write(minor_t minor, int c)
-{ return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS; }
-
-int DeviceDriver::block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{ return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS; }
-
-int DeviceDriver::block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer)
-{ return DEV_INVALID_ACCESS; }
-
--- a/kernel/devices.h
+++ b/kernel/devices.h
@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-// devices.h
-// Device subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/11/05
-// Modified: 06/02/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_DEVICES_H__
-#define __HOS_DEVICES_H__ __HOS_DEVICES_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-#define DEV_INVALID_ACCESS -256
-#define DEV_INVALID_DEVICE -257
-#define DEV_EOF -1
-
-#define MAJOR_MISC_CHAR	1
-#define MAJOR_RAMDISK 2
-#define MAJOR_VCONSOLE	4
-
-#define BLOCK_SIZE 512
-#define BLOCK_SIZE_LOG 9
-
-#define	DEV_MAJOR(x) (((x) >> 8) & 0xFF)
-#define DEV_MINOR(x) ((x) & 0xFF)
-#define DEV(x,y) ((x) << 8 | (y))
-
-typedef short major_t;
-typedef short minor_t;
-typedef u32_t device_t;
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-int	devices_init();
-int	block_read(major_t major, minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-int	block_write(major_t major, minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-int	char_read(major_t major, minor_t minor);
-int	char_write(major_t major, minor_t minor, int c);
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-}
-
-class DeviceDriver
-{
-public:
-	DeviceDriver();
-	virtual ~DeviceDriver();
-	virtual int char_read(minor_t minor);
-	virtual int char_write(minor_t minor, int c);
-	virtual int block_read(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-	virtual int block_write(minor_t minor, u32_t blockStart, u32_t blocks, void *buffer);
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/display/display.c
+++ b/kernel/display/display.c
@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-// display.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/07/04
-// Modified: 03/19/05
-
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "char/vconsole.h"
-#include "display.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "kernel.h"
-#include "char/keyboard.h"
-#include "display/kout.h"
-
-extern real_mode_param_t rm_params;	// check if a video mode is activated
-int display_type;
-int display_activeConsole = -1;		// start with no active console
-
-
-// initialization routine for display subsystem
-int display_init()
-{
-	if (!rm_params.vid_addr)				// framebuffer mode
-	{
-		vconsole_setup(80, 25);
-		display_activate(KERNEL_MSG_CONSOLE);
-		display_type = DISPLAY_CONSOLE;
-	}
-	else
-		display_type = DISPLAY_GRAPHICAL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// activate the given display
-int display_activate(u32_t id)
-{
-	if (id == display_activeConsole)
-		return 0;
-	if (display_type != DISPLAY_CONSOLE)
-		return -1;
-	if (id >= VCONSOLE_MAX)
-		return -2;
-	if (display_activeConsole >= 0)
-		vconsole_deactivate(display_activeConsole);
-	if (vconsole_activate(id))	// if true, didn't work to activate console
-	{
-		vconsole_activate(display_activeConsole);	// restore old one
-		return -3;
-	}
-	display_activeConsole = id;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void display_key_event(u32_t keyCode)
-{
-	if (display_type == DISPLAY_CONSOLE)
-	{
-		u32_t kbdScan = KBD_SCAN(keyCode);
-		if ( /* kbdFlags & KBDF_ALT && */ kbdScan >= 0x3B && kbdScan <= 0x44)	// switch displays F1-F10
-		{
-			display_activate(kbdScan - 0x3B);
-			return;
-		}
-		if ( /* kbdFlags & KBDF_ALT && */ kbdScan >= 0x57 && kbdScan <= 0x58)	// F11-F12
-		{
-			display_activate(kbdScan - 0x4D);
-			return;
-		}
-		if (KBD_ASCII(keyCode))
-			putc(KBD_ASCII(keyCode));
-	}
-	/* TODO: send key to process on active console
-	          or graphical control process */
-}
-
--- a/kernel/display/display.h
+++ b/kernel/display/display.h
@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// display.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/07/04
-// Modified: 03/19/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_CONSOLE__
-#define __HOS_CONSOLE__ __HOS_CONSOLE__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-
-#define DISPLAY_CONSOLE	0
-#define DISPLAY_GRAPHICAL 1
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	int type;
-	minor_t id;
-} display_t;
-
-int display_init();
-int display_activate(u32_t id);
-
-void display_key_event(u32_t keyCode);
-
-#endif
-
-
--- a/kernel/display/kout.c
+++ b/kernel/display/kout.c
@ -1,141 +0,0 @@
-// kout.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-// Modified: 11/02/05
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "kout.h"
-#include "lang/conv.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "char/misc_char.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-
-char	buffer[64];					// for hex/oct/dec/ascii conversion
-
-// print a character
-void	putc(int c)
-{
-#ifdef PARALLEL_DEBUG
-		outportb(0x37a, 0xc);
-		outportb(0x378, c);
-		outportb(0x37a, 0x1);
-		//	char_write(MAJOR_MISC_CHAR, MISC_CHAR_LP0, c);
-#endif
-	char_write(MAJOR_VCONSOLE, KERNEL_MSG_CONSOLE, c);
-}
-
-
-// print a formatted string
-void	kprintf(char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	u32_t *params = ((u32_t *)(&fmt)) + 1;		// points to the first paramater
-	int i;
-	int special = 0;
-	for (i = 0; ; i++)
-	{
-		if (special)
-		{
-			special = 0;
-			switch (fmt[i])
-			{
-			case 0:
-				return;
-			case '%':
-				putc('%');
-				break;
-			case 's': case 'S':
-				puts((char *)*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'c': case 'C':
-				putc(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'd': case 'D': case 'i': case 'I':
-				putDec(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'u': case 'U':
-				putDecu(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'x': case 'X':
-				putHex(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'o': case 'O':
-				putOct(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			case 'b': case 'B':
-				kio_putBCD(*params);
-				params++;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			switch (fmt[i])
-			{
-			case '%':
-				special = 1;
-				break;
-			case 0:
-				return;
-			default:
-				putc(fmt[i]);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-
-// This function prints a raw string
-void	puts(char *str)
-{
-	while (*str)
-	{
-		putc(*str++);
-	}
-}
-
-
-// This function prints a signed, decimal integer
-void	putDec(int num)
-{
-	itoa(num, buffer);
-	puts(buffer);
-}
-
-
-// This function prints an unsigned, decimal integer
-void	putDecu(u32_t num)
-{
-	utoa(num, buffer);
-	puts(buffer);
-}
-
-
-// This function displays a number in hexadecimal
-void	putHex(u32_t num)
-{
-	itox(num, buffer);
-	puts(buffer);
-}
-
-
-// This function displays a number in octal
-void	putOct(u32_t num)
-{
-	itoo(num, buffer);
-	puts(buffer);
-}
-
-
-// This function prints a two-digit binary-coded-decimal value
-void	kio_putBCD(u32_t bcd)
-{
-	bcdtoa(bcd, buffer);
-	
-}
-
--- a/kernel/display/kout.h
+++ b/kernel/display/kout.h
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// kout.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_KOUT__
-#define __HOS_KOUT__ __HOS_KOUT__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-void	kprintf(char *fmt, ...);
-void	putHex(u32_t number);
-void	kio_putBCD(u32_t bcd);
-void	putc(int c);
-void	puts(char *str);
-void	putDec(int num);
-void	putDecu(u32_t num);
-void	putOct(u32_t number);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/display/vesafb.c
+++ b/kernel/display/vesafb.c
@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-// vesafb.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 03/19/05
-// Modified: 03/19/05
-
-#include "display/display.h"
-#include "display/vesafb.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "hos_defines.h"	// BIOS_CHAR_MAP
-
-u16_t	*vmem16 = (u16_t *) VESAFB_VID_ADDR;
-u32_t	*vmem32 = (u32_t *) VESAFB_VID_ADDR;
-int	vesafb_bpp;
-int	vesafb_multiplier;
-int	vesafb_width;		// pixels
-int	vesafb_height;
-int	vesafb_xres;		// characters
-int	vesafb_yres;
-int	vesafb_cursor;		// -1 to hide, 0+ for cursor position
-
-int	vesafb_init(int width, int height, int bpp)
-{
-	switch(vesafb_bpp = bpp)
-	{
-	case 15: case 16:
-		vesafb_multiplier = 2;
-		break;
-	case 24:
-		vesafb_multiplier = 3;
-		break;
-	case 32:
-		vesafb_multiplier = 4;
-		break;
-	}
-	vesafb_width = width;
-	vesafb_height = height;
-	vesafb_xres = (width >> 3) & 0xFFF8;	// columns divisible by 8
-	vesafb_yres = height >> 3;
-	return vesafb_cursor = 0;
-}
-
-void	vesafb_clear()
-{
-	memset(vmem32, 0, vesafb_width * vesafb_height * vesafb_multiplier);
-	vesafb_update_cursor(0);
-}
-
-void	vesafb_update_cursor(int position)
-{
-	vesafb_draw_cursor(vesafb_cursor, 0);
-	vesafb_draw_cursor(vesafb_cursor = position, 1);
-}
-
-void	vesafb_draw_cursor(int position, int onoff)
-{
-	int x = (position % vesafb_xres) << 3;
-	int y = ( (position / vesafb_xres) << 3 ) + 7;
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
-		vesafb_pset(x + i, y, onoff);
-}
-
-void	vesafb_pset(int x, int y, int onoff)
-{
-	switch (vesafb_bpp)
-	{
-	case 15: case 16:
-		*(vmem16 + vesafb_width*y + x) = (onoff ? 0xFFFF : 0);
-		break;
-	case 24:
-		*((u32_t *)(((u32_t)vmem32) + 3*vesafb_width*y + 3*x)) = (onoff ? 0x00FFFFFF : 0);
-		break;
-	case 32:
-		*(vmem32 + vesafb_width*y + x) = (onoff ? 0x00FFFFFF : 0);
-		break;
-	}
-}
-
-int	vesafb_getWidth()
-{
-	return vesafb_xres;
-}
-
-int	vesafb_getHeight()
-{
-	return vesafb_yres;
-}
-
-void	vesafb_draw_char(int position, u16_t chr)
-{
-	int x = (position % vesafb_xres) << 3;
-	int y = (position / vesafb_xres) << 3;
-	int xi, yi;
-	u8_t *charMap = (u8_t *) ( BIOS_CHAR_MAP + ((chr & 0xFF) << 3) );
-	for (yi = 0; yi < 7; yi++)
-	{
-		for (xi = 0; xi < 7; xi++)
-			vesafb_pset(x + xi, y + yi, (*charMap & (0x80 >> xi)));
-		charMap++;
-	}
-}
-
-int	vesafb_draw(u16_t *buffer, int buff_len, int cursor_position)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < buff_len; i++)
-		vesafb_draw_char(i, *buffer++);
-	vesafb_update_cursor(cursor_position);
-	return 0;
-}
-
--- a/kernel/display/vesafb.h
+++ b/kernel/display/vesafb.h
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-// vesafb.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 03/19/05
-// Modified: 03/19/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_VESAFB__
-#define __HOS_VESAFB__ __HOS_VESAFB__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-#define VESAFB_VID_ADDR 0xF0000000
-
-int	vesafb_init(int width, int height, int bpp);
-void	vesafb_clear();
-void	vesafb_update_cursor(int position);
-void	vesafb_draw_cursor(int position, int onoff);
-void	vesafb_pset(int x, int y, int onoff);
-int	vesafb_getWidth();
-int	vesafb_getHeight();
-void	vesafb_draw_char(int position, u16_t chr);
-int	vesafb_draw(u16_t *buffer, int buff_len, int cursor_position);
-
-#endif
-
-
--- a/kernel/fs/FileSystem.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/FileSystem.cpp
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-// FileSystem.cpp
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/21/05
-// Modified: 06/21/05
-
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "FileSystem.h"
-
-FileSystem::FileSystem() {}
-FileSystem::~FileSystem() {}
-u32_t	FileSystem::totalBlocks()		{return 0;}
-u32_t	FileSystem::freeBlocks()		{return 0;}
-u32_t	FileSystem::totalInodes()		{return 0;}
-u32_t	FileSystem::freeInodes()		{return 0;}
-u32_t	FileSystem::getRootInodeNumber()	{return 0;}
-
-OpenDirectory *FileSystem::openDirectory(u32_t inum, int mode)	{return NULL;}
-OpenFile *FileSystem::openFile(u32_t inum, int mode)		{return NULL;}
-int	FileSystem::stat(u32_t inum, vfs_stat_t *buf)		{return -1;}
-int	FileSystem::link_deref(u32_t inum, char *buf)		{return -1;}
--- a/kernel/fs/FileSystem.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/FileSystem.h
@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-// FileSystem.h
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/21/05
-// Modified: 06/21/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_FILESYSTEM__
-#define __HOS_FILESYSTEM__ __HOS_FILESYSTEM__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "OpenDirectory.h"
-#include "OpenFile.h"
-
-class FileSystem
-{
-public:
-	FileSystem();
-	virtual ~FileSystem();
-
-	virtual u32_t	totalBlocks();		/* 512 byte blocks */
-	virtual u32_t	freeBlocks();
-
-	virtual u32_t	totalInodes();
-	virtual u32_t	freeInodes();
-
-	virtual u32_t	getRootInodeNumber();
-
-	virtual OpenDirectory	*openDirectory(u32_t inum, int mode);
-	virtual OpenFile	*openFile(u32_t inum, int mode);
-	virtual int	stat(u32_t inum, vfs_stat_t *buf);
-	virtual int	link_deref(u32_t inum, char *buf);
-};
-
-#endif
--- a/kernel/fs/OpenDirectory.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/OpenDirectory.cpp
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-// OpenDirectory.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/19/05
-
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "OpenDirectory.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-
-OpenDirectory::OpenDirectory()				{}
-OpenDirectory::~OpenDirectory()				{}
-int	OpenDirectory::seek(int pos, int mode)		{ return -1; }
-int	OpenDirectory::read(vfs_dir_entry_t *ent)	{ return -1; }
-int	OpenDirectory::create(char *name, int mode, u32_t permissions, u32_t dev)
-	{ return -1; }
-int	OpenDirectory::unlink(char *name)		{ return -1; }
--- a/kernel/fs/OpenDirectory.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/OpenDirectory.h
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// OpenDirectory.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/19/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_OPENDIRECTORY_H__
-#define __HOS_OPENDIRECTORY_H__ __HOS_OPENDIRECTORY_H__
-
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-
-class OpenDirectory
-{
-public:
-	OpenDirectory();
-	virtual ~OpenDirectory();
-	virtual int	seek(int pos, int mode);
-	virtual int	read(vfs_dir_entry_t *ent);
-	virtual int	create(char *name, int mode, u32_t permissions, u32_t dev);
-	virtual int	unlink(char *name);
-};
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/OpenFile.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/OpenFile.cpp
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-// OpenFile.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/19/05
-
-#include "OpenFile.h"
-
-OpenFile::OpenFile()					{}
-OpenFile::~OpenFile()					{}
-int	OpenFile::seek(int pos, int mode)		{ return -1; }
-int	OpenFile::read()				{ return -1; }
-int	OpenFile::read(void *buf, u32_t num)		{ return -1; }
-int	OpenFile::write(int chr)			{ return -1; }
-int	OpenFile::write(void *ptr, u32_t num)		{ return -1; }
--- a/kernel/fs/OpenFile.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/OpenFile.h
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// OpenFile.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/19/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_OPENFILE_H__
-#define __HOS_OPENFILE_H__ __HOS_OPENFILE_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-class OpenFile
-{
-public:
-	OpenFile();
-	virtual ~OpenFile();
-	virtual int	seek(int pos, int mode);
-	virtual int	read();
-	virtual int	read(void *buf, u32_t num);
-	virtual int	write(int chr);
-	virtual int	write(void *ptr, u32_t num);
-};
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/VFSMount.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/VFSMount.cpp
@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-// VFSMount.cpp
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/21/05
-// Modified: 06/21/05
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "display/kout.h"
-}
-
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "VFSMount.h"
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-
-VFSMount::VFSMount(device_t dev, string fsType, FileSystem *fs,
-		string mountPoint,
-		inode_num_t mountInode, inode_num_t thisInode)
-{
-	myDev = dev;
-	myFSType = fsType;
-	myFS = fs;
-	myMountPoint = mountPoint;
-	myMountInode = mountInode;
-	myThisInode = thisInode;
-}
-
-VFSMount::~VFSMount()
-{
-	if (umount_safe())
-		kprintf("Filesystem uncleanly mounted from %s\n", myMountPoint.data());
-	delete myFS;
-}
-
-int	VFSMount::umount_safe()
-{
-	return 0;
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/VFSMount.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/VFSMount.h
@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-// VFSMount.h
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/21/05
-// Modified: 06/21/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_VFSMOUNT__
-#define __HOS_VFSMOUNT__ __HOS_VFSMOUNT__
-
-#include "lang/string.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "FileSystem.h"
-
-class VFSMount
-{
-public:
-	device_t	myDev;
-	string		myFSType;
-	FileSystem	*myFS;
-	string		myMountPoint;
-	inode_num_t	myMountInode;
-	inode_num_t	myThisInode;
-
-	VFSMount(device_t dev, string fsType, FileSystem *fs,
-		string mountPoint,
-		inode_num_t mountInode, inode_num_t thisInode);
-	~VFSMount();
-	int	umount_safe();
-};
-
-#endif
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.cpp
@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2BlockCache.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/29/05
-// Modified: 12/29/05
-
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "Ext2BlockCache.h"
-
-Ext2BlockCache::Ext2BlockCache(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *inode)
-{
-	myFS = fs;
-	myInum = inum;
-	myInodeDirty = 0;
-	myInode = inode;
-	myBlockSize = 1024 << fs->getSuper()->s_log_block_size;
-	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-	{
-		myCache[i] = new u8_t[myBlockSize];
-		myCacheAddress[i] = 0;
-		myCacheDirty[i] = 0;
-	}
-}
-
-Ext2BlockCache::~Ext2BlockCache()
-{
-	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-	{
-		if (myCacheDirty[i])
-			myFS->writeBlock(myCacheAddress[i], myCache[i]);
-		delete[] myCache[i];
-	}
-	if (myInodeDirty)
-		myFS->writeInode(myInum, myInode);
-}
-
-int	Ext2BlockCache::readBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf)
-{
-	u32_t fsblock = getFSBlock(blockNum, 0);
-	if (fsblock == 0)
-		return -1;
-	return myFS->readBlock(fsblock, buf);
-}
-
-int	Ext2BlockCache::writeBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf)
-{
-	u32_t fsblock = getFSBlock(blockNum, 1);
-	if (fsblock == 0)
-		return -1;
-	return myFS->writeBlock(fsblock, buf);
-}
-
-void	Ext2BlockCache::setCache(u32_t level, u32_t fsblock)
-{
-	if (myCacheAddress[level] == fsblock)
-		return;
-	if (myCacheDirty[level])
-		myFS->writeBlock(myCacheAddress[level], myCache[level]);
-	myCacheAddress[level] = fsblock;
-	myCacheDirty[level] = 0;
-	myFS->readBlock(fsblock, myCache[level]);
-}
-
-u32_t	Ext2BlockCache::getFSBlock(u32_t blockNum, int create)
-{
-	if (blockNum < 12)				/* direct pointer */
-	{
-		if (create && myInode->i_block[blockNum] == 0)
-		{
-			myInode->i_block[blockNum] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myInodeDirty = 1;
-		}
-		return myInode->i_block[blockNum];
-	}
-	blockNum -= 12;
-	if (blockNum < myBlockSize)			/* i_block[12] */
-	{
-		if (create && myInode->i_block[12] == 0)
-		{
-			myInode->i_block[12] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myInodeDirty = 1;
-		}
-		setCache(0, myInode->i_block[12]);
-		/* blockNum indexes cache 0 */
-		if (create && myCache[0][blockNum] == 0)
-		{
-			myCache[0][blockNum] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myCacheDirty[0] = 1;
-		}
-		return myCache[0][blockNum];
-	}
-	blockNum -= myBlockSize;
-	if (blockNum < (myBlockSize * myBlockSize))	/* i_block[13] */
-	{
-		if (create && myInode->i_block[13] == 0)
-		{
-			myInode->i_block[13] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myInodeDirty = 1;
-		}
-		setCache(0, myInode->i_block[13]);
-		/* blockNum / myBlockSize indexes cache 0 */
-		if (create && myCache[0][blockNum / myBlockSize] == 0)
-		{
-			myCache[0][blockNum / myBlockSize] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myCacheDirty[0] = 1;
-		}
-		setCache(1, myCache[0][blockNum / myBlockSize]);
-		/* blockNum % myBlockSize indexes cache 1 */
-		if (create && myCache[1][blockNum % myBlockSize] == 0)
-		{
-			myCache[1][blockNum % myBlockSize] = myFS->allocBlock();
-			myCacheDirty[1] = 1;
-		}
-		return myCache[1][blockNum % myBlockSize];
-	}
-	blockNum -= (myBlockSize * myBlockSize);	/* i_block[14] */
-	if (create && myInode->i_block[14] == 0)
-	{
-		myInode->i_block[14] = myFS->allocBlock();
-		myInodeDirty = 1;
-	}
-	setCache(0, myInode->i_block[14]);
-	/* blockNum / (myBlockSize^2) indexes cache 0 */
-	if (create && myCache[0][blockNum / (myBlockSize * myBlockSize)] == 0)
-	{
-		myCache[0][blockNum / (myBlockSize * myBlockSize)] = myFS->allocBlock();
-		myCacheDirty[0] = 1;
-	}
-	setCache(1, myCache[0][blockNum / (myBlockSize * myBlockSize)]);
-	/* blockNum / myBlockSize indexes cache 1 */
-	if (create && myCache[1][blockNum / myBlockSize] == 0)
-	{
-		myCache[1][blockNum / myBlockSize] = myFS->allocBlock();
-		myCacheDirty[1] = 1;
-	}
-	setCache(2, myCache[1][blockNum / myBlockSize]);
-	/* blockNum % myBlockSize indexes cache 2 */
-	if (create && myCache[2][blockNum % myBlockSize] == 0)
-	{
-		myCache[2][blockNum % myBlockSize] = myFS->allocBlock();
-		myCacheDirty[2] = 1;
-	}
-	return myCache[2][blockNum % myBlockSize];
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2BlockCache.h
@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2BlockCache.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/29/05
-// Modified: 12/29/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2BLOCKCACHE_H__
-#define __HOS_EXT2BLOCKCACHE_H__ __HOS_EXT2BLOCKCACHE_H__
-
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "ext2.h"
-
-class Ext2BlockCache
-{
-protected:
-	Ext2fs *myFS;
-	u32_t	myInum;
-	ext2_inode_t *myInode;
-	u32_t	myBlockSize;
-	u8_t *myCache[3];
-	u8_t myCacheAddress[3];
-	u8_t myCacheDirty[3];
-	u32_t	myInodeDirty;
-
-	void	setCache(u32_t level, u32_t fsblock);
-	u32_t	getFSBlock(u32_t block, int create);
-
-public:
-	Ext2BlockCache(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *inode);
-	~Ext2BlockCache();
-	int readBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf);
-	int writeBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf);
-};
-
-#endif
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.cpp
@ -1,238 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2OpenDirectory.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/26/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-}
-
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "Ext2OpenDirectory.h"
-#include "Ext2OpenFile.h"
-#include "ext2.h"
-
-Ext2OpenDirectory::Ext2OpenDirectory(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	myPosition = 0;
-	myFS = fs;
-	myInum = inum;
-	myMode = mode;
-	myCache = new Ext2BlockCache(fs, inum, &myInode);
-	fs->readInode(inum, &myInode);
-	u32_t size = myInode.i_size;
-	u32_t logBlockSize = fs->getSuper()->s_log_block_size;
-	myBlockSize = 1024 << logBlockSize;
-	if (size % myBlockSize)
-		size += myBlockSize - (size % myBlockSize);
-	myBlocks = size >> (10 + logBlockSize);
-	myBuffer = new u8_t[size];
-	if ((mode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) == VFS_MODE_READ)
-		readDirectory();
-}
-
-/* destroy an open ext2 directory object */
-Ext2OpenDirectory::~Ext2OpenDirectory()
-{
-	delete myCache;
-	delete[] myBuffer;
-}
-
-void	Ext2OpenDirectory::readDirectory()
-{
-	/* read in the entire directory */
-	for (u32_t i = 0; i < myBlocks; i++)
-		myCache->readBlock(i, myBuffer + i * myBlockSize);
-}
-
-/* seek absolute or relative, only positive direction */
-int	Ext2OpenDirectory::seek(int pos, int mode)
-{
-	if (mode == SEEK_ABSOLUTE)
-		myPosition = 0;
-	if (pos > 0)
-	{
-		while (myPosition < myInode.i_size)
-		{
-			ext2_dir_entry_t *de =
-				(ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-			myPosition += de->length;
-			pos--;
-			if (pos < 1)
-				return 0;
-		}
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return -2;
-}
-
-/* read a directory entry from the directory */
-int	Ext2OpenDirectory::read(vfs_dir_entry_t *ent)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_READ)
-		return -1;
-	if (myPosition >= myInode.i_size)
-		return EOF;
-	ext2_dir_entry_t *de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-	ent->inum = de->inode;
-	memcpy(ent->name, de->name, de->name_length);
-	ent->name[de->name_length] = 0;
-	myPosition += de->length;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	Ext2OpenDirectory::create(char *name, int mode, u32_t permissions, u32_t dev)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_WRITE)
-		return -1;
-	readDirectory();
-	myPosition = 0;
-	u32_t name_length = strlen(name);
-	while (myPosition < myInode.i_size)
-	{
-		ext2_dir_entry_t *de =
-			(ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-		if (name_length == de->name_length && !strncmp(name, de->name, name_length))
-			return -2;		/* entry already exists */
-		myPosition += de->length;
-	}
-	u32_t newInode = myFS->allocInode();
-	if (newInode == 0)
-		return -3;				/* no free inodes! */
-	/* initialize the inode */
-	ext2_inode_t in;
-	memset(&in, 0, sizeof(ext2_inode_t));
-	u32_t ext2_mode;
-	switch(mode)
-	{
-	case VFS_FT_DIR:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_DIR;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_CHAR:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR;
-		in.i_block[0] = dev;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_BLOCK:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK;
-		in.i_block[0] = dev;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_FIFO:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_SOCK:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_SYMLINK:	ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_SYM;	break;
-	case VFS_FT_FILE:
-	default:		ext2_mode = EXT2_I_MODE_FILE;	break;
-	}
-	in.i_mode = ext2_mode | (permissions & EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK);
-	in.i_links_count = 1;
-	myFS->writeInode(newInode, &in);
-	if (mode == VFS_FT_DIR)
-	{
-		if (myFS->getSuper()->s_free_blocks_count < 3)
-			return -4;	/* out of space on device */
-		if (myFS->initializeDirectory(newInode, myInum))
-			return -5;	/* error initializing directory */
-		myInode.i_links_count++;
-		myFS->writeInode(myInum, &myInode);
-	}
-	u32_t entryLength = name_length + 8;
-	if (entryLength & 0x3)
-		entryLength = (entryLength + 4) & 0xFFFFFFFC; /* multiple of 4 bytes */
-	myPosition = 0;
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		ext2_dir_entry_t *de =
-			(ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-		u32_t thisEntryLength = de->name_length + 8;
-		if (thisEntryLength & 0x3)
-			thisEntryLength = (thisEntryLength + 4) & 0xFFFFFFFC;
-		if (de->length - thisEntryLength >= entryLength)
-		{
-			/* There is room in this entry for the new one */
-			u32_t newLength = de->length - thisEntryLength;
-			de->length = thisEntryLength;
-			u32_t firstPosition = myPosition;
-			myPosition += de->length;
-			de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-			de->length = newLength;
-			de->name_length = name_length;
-			de->inode = newInode;
-			memcpy(de->name, name, name_length);
-			writeInclusiveRange(firstPosition,
-				myPosition + entryLength - 1);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		if (myPosition + de->length >= myInode.i_size)
-		{
-			if (myFS->getSuper()->s_free_blocks_count < 2)
-			{
-				myFS->freeInode(newInode);
-				return -4;	/* out of space on device */
-			}
-			/* This is the last entry, we need to add a block */
-			myBlocks++;
-			u8_t *newBuffer = new u8_t[myBlockSize * myBlocks];
-			memcpy(newBuffer, myBuffer, myBlockSize * (myBlocks - 1));
-			delete[] myBuffer;
-			myBuffer = newBuffer;
-			de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-			u32_t thisEntryLength = de->name_length + 8;
-			if (thisEntryLength & 0x3)
-				thisEntryLength = (thisEntryLength + 4) & 0xFFFFFFFC;
-			u32_t leftovers = de->length - thisEntryLength;
-			de->length -= leftovers;
-			u32_t firstPosition = myPosition;
-			myPosition += thisEntryLength;
-			de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-			de->length = myBlockSize + leftovers;
-			de->name_length = name_length;
-			de->inode = newInode;
-			memcpy(de->name, name, name_length);
-			writeInclusiveRange(firstPosition,
-				myPosition + myBlockSize + leftovers - 1);
-			myInode.i_size += myBlockSize;
-			myFS->writeInode(myInum, &myInode);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		myPosition += de->length;
-	}
-	
-}
-
-void	Ext2OpenDirectory::writeInclusiveRange(u32_t first, u32_t last)
-{
-	u32_t firstBlock = first / myBlockSize;
-	u32_t lastBlock = last / myBlockSize;
-	for (u32_t i = firstBlock; i <= lastBlock; i++)
-		myCache->writeBlock(i, myBuffer + i * myBlockSize);
-}
-
-int	Ext2OpenDirectory::unlink(char *name)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_WRITE)
-		return -1;
-	readDirectory();
-	myPosition = 0;
-	u32_t lastPosition = 0;
-	u32_t name_length = strlen(name);
-	while (myPosition < myInode.i_size)
-	{
-		ext2_dir_entry_t *de =
-			(ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + myPosition);
-		if (name_length == de->name_length && !strncmp(name, de->name, name_length))
-		{
-			ext2_inode_t inode;
-			myFS->readInode(de->inode, &inode);
-			if ((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) == EXT2_I_MODE_DIR)
-			{
-				if (myFS->attemptRemoveDir(de->inode))
-					return -3;	/* can't unlink non-empty directory */
-			}
-			/* found entry to unlink
-			   add the space to entry at lastPosition */
-			myFS->unlink(de->inode);
-			ext2_dir_entry_t *lde =
-				(ext2_dir_entry_t *) (myBuffer + lastPosition);
-			lde->length += de->length;
-			writeInclusiveRange(lastPosition, lastPosition + 8);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		lastPosition = myPosition;
-		myPosition += de->length;
-	}
-	return -2;	/* entry not found */
-}
-
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenDirectory.h
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2OpenDirectory.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/26/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2OPENDIRECTORY__
-#define __HOS_EXT2OPENDIRECTORY__ __HOS_EXT2OPENDIRECTORY__
-
-#include "ext2.h"
-#include "Ext2BlockCache.h"
-
-class Ext2OpenDirectory : public OpenDirectory
-{
-private:
-	u32_t	myPosition;
-	Ext2fs	*myFS;
-	int	myMode;
-	u32_t	myInum;
-	u8_t	*myBuffer;
-	u32_t	myBlocks;
-	u32_t	myBlockSize;
-	Ext2BlockCache *myCache;
-	ext2_inode_t myInode;
-
-	void	readDirectory();
-	void	writeInclusiveRange(u32_t first, u32_t last);
-
-public:
-	Ext2OpenDirectory(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, int mode);
-	~Ext2OpenDirectory();
-	int	seek(int pos, int mode);
-	int	read(vfs_dir_entry_t *ent);
-	int	create(char *name, int mode, u32_t permissions, u32_t dev);
-	int	unlink(char *name);
-};
-
-#endif
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.cpp
@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2OpenFile.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/26/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-#include "Ext2OpenFile.h"
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-}
-
-lock_t	Ext2OpenFileListLock;
-vector<Ext2OpenFileHandle> *Ext2OpenFileList = NULL;
-
-/* make an Ext2OpenFile object
- * maintain vector of open files for notifying when one is truncated
- */
-Ext2OpenFile::Ext2OpenFile(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	myMode = mode;
-	myFS = fs;
-	myInum = inum;
-	myBeenTruncated = 0;
-	myPosition = 0;
-	myBlockSize = 1024 << fs->getSuper()->s_log_block_size;
-	myBlockCache = new u8_t[myBlockSize];
-	myBlockCacheBlock = 0;
-	myBlockCacheStatus = 0;		/* 0: invalid; 1: valid; 2: dirty */
-	fs->readInode(inum, &myInode);
-	myCache = new Ext2BlockCache(fs, inum, &myInode);
-	lock(&Ext2OpenFileListLock);
-	if ((mode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) == VFS_MODE_WRITE)
-	{
-		if ((mode & VFS_MODE_WRITE_MASK) == VFS_MODE_TRUNCATE)
-		{
-			/* file opened for write/truncate
-			 * tell any open files that it's been truncated, then
-			 * tell ext2 filesystem to free its blocks
-			 */
-			u32_t size = Ext2OpenFileList->size();
-			for (u32_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
-			{
-				if ((*Ext2OpenFileList)[i].inode == inum)
-					(*Ext2OpenFileList)[i].ofile->notifyTruncated();
-			}
-			fs->truncateInode(inum);
-			fs->readInode(inum, &myInode);	/* re-read inode */
-		}
-		else
-			myPosition = myInode.i_size;
-	}
-	if (Ext2OpenFileList == NULL)
-		Ext2OpenFileList = new vector<Ext2OpenFileHandle>();
-	/* add ourselves to the list */
-	Ext2OpenFileHandle thisHandle = {inum, this};
-	Ext2OpenFileList->add(thisHandle);
-	unlock(&Ext2OpenFileListLock);
-}
-
-/* destroy an Ext2OpenFile object */
-Ext2OpenFile::~Ext2OpenFile()
-{
-	/* remove ourselves from the open file list */
-	lock(&Ext2OpenFileListLock);
-	u32_t size = Ext2OpenFileList->size();
-	for (u32_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
-	{
-		if ((*Ext2OpenFileList)[i].ofile == this)
-		{
-			Ext2OpenFileList->remove(i);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	unlock(&Ext2OpenFileListLock);
-
-	/* write back any open caches if in write mode */
-	if ( !myBeenTruncated && ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) == VFS_MODE_WRITE) )
-	{
-		if (myBlockCacheStatus == 2)
-			myCache->writeBlock(myBlockCacheBlock, myBlockCache);
-		myFS->writeInode(myInum, &myInode);
-	}
-	/* free the memory we used */
-	delete myCache;
-	delete[] myBlockCache;
-}
-
-/* seek to a certain position in the file (only for reading) */
-int	Ext2OpenFile::seek(int pos, int mode)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_READ)
-		return -1;
-	if (mode == SEEK_ABSOLUTE)
-	{
-		if (pos < 0)
-			return -2;
-		if ((u32_t)pos >= myInode.i_size)
-			return -3;
-		myPosition = pos;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	else if (mode == SEEK_RELATIVE)
-	{
-		if (myPosition + pos < 0)
-			return -2;
-		if (myPosition + pos >= myInode.i_size)
-			return -3;
-		myPosition += pos;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	else if (mode == SEEK_END)
-	{
-		if (myInode.i_size + pos < 0)
-			return -2;
-		if (myInode.i_size + pos >= myInode.i_size)
-			return -3;
-		myPosition = myInode.i_size + pos;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -4;
-}
-
-/* read a byte from the current file position, return error code/EOF */
-int	Ext2OpenFile::read()
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_READ)
-		return -1;
-	if (myBeenTruncated || myPosition >= myInode.i_size)
-		return EOF;
-	u32_t theBlock = myPosition / myBlockSize;
-	updateCache(theBlock);
-	return myBlockCache[myPosition++ % myBlockSize];
-}
-
-/* read num bytes from the current file position, put in buf
- * return: number of bytes read (>=0) or error code (<0)
- */
-int	Ext2OpenFile::read(void *buf, u32_t num)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_READ)
-		return -1;
-	if (myBeenTruncated || myPosition >= myInode.i_size)
-		return EOF;
-	if (myPosition + num > myInode.i_size)
-		num = myInode.i_size - myPosition;
-	u32_t bytesRead = 0;
-	u32_t bytesIntoFirstBlock = myPosition % myBlockSize;
-	if (bytesIntoFirstBlock)
-	{
-		updateCache(myPosition / myBlockSize);
-		bytesRead = min(myBlockSize - bytesIntoFirstBlock, num);
-		memcpy(buf, myBlockCache + bytesIntoFirstBlock, bytesRead);
-		myPosition += bytesRead;
-	}
-	while (bytesRead < num)
-	{
-		updateCache(myPosition / myBlockSize);
-		u32_t bytesToRead = min(num - bytesRead, myBlockSize);
-		memcpy((u8_t *)buf + bytesRead, myBlockCache, bytesToRead);
-		bytesRead += bytesToRead;
-		myPosition += bytesToRead;
-	}
-	return bytesRead;
-}
-
-/* write a byte to the current file position */
-int	Ext2OpenFile::write(int chr)
-{
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_WRITE)
-		return -1;
-	if (myBeenTruncated)
-		return EOF;
-	u32_t theBlock = myPosition / myBlockSize;
-	updateCache(theBlock);
-	myBlockCache[myPosition++ % myBlockSize] = chr;
-	myBlockCacheStatus = 2;
-	myInode.i_size++;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* write num bytes from buf to the current file position
- * return: number of bytes written (>=0) or error code (<0)
- */
-int	Ext2OpenFile::write(void *buf, u32_t num)
-{
-	if (myBeenTruncated)
-		return -1;
-	if ((myMode & VFS_MODE_RW_MASK) != VFS_MODE_WRITE)
-		return -2;
-	u32_t bytesIntoFirstBlock = myPosition % myBlockSize;
-	u32_t bytesWritten = 0;
-	if (bytesIntoFirstBlock)
-	{
-		updateCache(myPosition / myBlockSize);
-		bytesWritten = min(myBlockSize - bytesIntoFirstBlock, num);
-		memcpy(myBlockCache + bytesIntoFirstBlock, buf, bytesWritten);
-		myBlockCacheStatus = 2;
-		myPosition += bytesWritten;
-	}
-	while (bytesWritten < num)
-	{
-		updateCache(myPosition / myBlockSize);
-		u32_t bytesToWrite = min(num - bytesWritten, myBlockSize);
-		memcpy(myBlockCache, (u8_t *)buf + bytesWritten, bytesToWrite);
-		myBlockCacheStatus = 2;
-		bytesWritten += bytesToWrite;
-		myPosition += bytesToWrite;
-	}
-	myInode.i_size += bytesWritten;
-	return bytesWritten;
-}
-
-void	Ext2OpenFile::updateCache(u32_t blockNum)
-{
-	if (myBlockCacheStatus && myBlockCacheBlock == blockNum)
-		return;
-	if (myBlockCacheStatus == 2)
-		myCache->writeBlock(myBlockCacheBlock, myBlockCache);
-	myCache->readBlock(blockNum, myBlockCache);
-	myBlockCacheStatus = 1;
-	myBlockCacheBlock = blockNum;
-}
-
-void	Ext2OpenFile::notifyTruncated()
-{
-	myBeenTruncated = 1;
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/Ext2OpenFile.h
@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-// Ext2OpenFile.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/26/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2OPENFILE__
-#define __HOS_EXT2OPENFILE__ __HOS_EXT2OPENFILE__
-
-#include "ext2.h"
-#include "fs/OpenFile.h"
-#include "Ext2BlockCache.h"
-
-class Ext2OpenFile : public OpenFile
-{
-protected:
-	Ext2fs	*myFS;
-	u32_t	myInum;
-	int	myMode;
-	int	myBeenTruncated;	/* set true when the file truncated */
-	u32_t	myPosition;
-	u32_t	myBlockSize;
-	Ext2BlockCache	*myCache;
-	ext2_inode_t	myInode;
-	u8_t	*myBlockCache;
-	u32_t	myBlockCacheBlock;
-	int	myBlockCacheStatus;	/* 0: invalid; 1: valid; 2: dirty */
-
-	void	updateCache(u32_t blockNum);
-
-public:
-	Ext2OpenFile(Ext2fs *fs, u32_t inum, int mode);
-	~Ext2OpenFile();
-	int	seek(int pos, int mode);
-	int	read();
-	int	read(void *buf, u32_t num);
-	int	write(int chr);
-	int	write(void *buf, u32_t num);
-	void	notifyTruncated();
-};
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t		inode;
-	Ext2OpenFile	*ofile;
-} Ext2OpenFileHandle;
-
-#endif
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2.cpp
@ -1,599 +0,0 @@
-// ext2.cpp
-// ext2 filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/10/05
-// Modified: 05/10/05
-
-/* example ext2 filesystem block group structure containing superblock and group descriptors:
- * block offset		description		#blocks
- * ------------		-----------		-------
- * 0	 		superblock		1
- * 1	 		group descriptors	gd_blocks = ceil(ceil[s_blocks_count / s_blocks_per_group] / (1024 >> [5 - s_log_block_size]))
- * gd_blocks+1		block bitmap block	1
- * gd_blocks+2		inode bitmap block	1
- * gd_blocks+3		inode table		itblocks = ceil[s_inodes_per_group / (1024 >> [7 - s_log_block_size])]
- * gd_blocks+3+itblocks	data blocks		s_blocks_per_group - gd_blocks - itblocks - 3
- */
-
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "display/kout.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-}
-
-#include "ext2.h"
-#include "Ext2OpenDirectory.h"
-#include "Ext2OpenFile.h"
-
-/* initialize the ext2 filesystem driver */
-int	ext2_init()
-{
-	vfs_register("ext2", ext2__mount_func);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* a function to mount an ext2 filesystem and return a pointer to it */
-FileSystem *ext2__mount_func(device_t dev)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super =
-		(ext2_super_block_t *) New(ext2_super_block_t);
-	if ( (block_read(DEV_MAJOR(dev), DEV_MINOR(dev), 2, 2, super) < 1024)
-	     || (super->s_magic != EXT2_MAGIC) )
-	{
-		kfree(super);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	Ext2fs *fs = new Ext2fs(super, dev);
-	kfree(super);
-	return fs;
-}
-
-/* constructor for an actual ext2 filesystem object */
-Ext2fs::Ext2fs(ext2_super_block_t *super, device_t dev)
-{
-	myDevice = dev;
-	memcpy(&mySuper, super, sizeof(ext2_super_block_t));
-	mySuperDirty = 0;
-	myNumGroups =		/* ceil[blocks_count / blocks_per_group] */
-		(mySuper.s_blocks_count + mySuper.s_blocks_per_group - 1)
-			/ mySuper.s_blocks_per_group;
-	myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock = 1024 >> (5 - mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	myGroupDescriptorBlocks = /* ceil[num_groups / groupDescriptorsPerBlock] */
-		(myNumGroups + myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock - 1)
-			/ myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock;
-	myInodesPerBlock = 1024 >> (7 - mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	myInodeTableBlocks =	/* ceil[inodes_per_group / inodePerBlock] */
-		(mySuper.s_inodes_per_group + myInodesPerBlock - 1)
-			/ myInodesPerBlock;
-
-	/* test/debug code */
-/*	kprintf("free blocks: %u\n", mySuper.s_free_blocks_count);
-	OpenDirectory *od = openDirectory(2, VFS_MODE_WRITE);
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->unlink("link"));
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->create("test", VFS_FT_FILE, 0640, 0));
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->create("Block File baby", VFS_FT_BLOCK, 0666, 5 << 8 | 3));
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->unlink("bin"));
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->create("Character-File", VFS_FT_CHAR, 0644, 130 << 8 | 42));
-	kprintf("free blocks: %u\n", mySuper.s_free_blocks_count);
-	kprintf("TEST: %d\n", od->create("a directory", VFS_FT_DIR, 0755, 0));
-	kprintf("free blocks: %u\n", mySuper.s_free_blocks_count);
-	delete od;
-*/
-}
-
-/* this destructor destroys an ext2 filesystem that was mounted */
-Ext2fs::~Ext2fs()
-{
-	if (mySuperDirty)
-		block_write(DEV_MAJOR(myDevice), DEV_MINOR(myDevice), 2, 2, &mySuper);
-}
-
-/* return the total number of 512-blocks on the filesystem */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::totalBlocks()
-{
-	return mySuper.s_blocks_count << (mySuper.s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-/* return the number of free 512-blocks on the filesystem */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::freeBlocks()
-{
-	return mySuper.s_free_blocks_count << (mySuper.s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-/* return the total number of inodes on the filesystem */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::totalInodes()
-{
-	return mySuper.s_inodes_count;
-}
-
-/* return the free number of inodes on the filesystem */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::freeInodes()
-{
-	return mySuper.s_free_inodes_count;
-}
-
-/* ext2 filesystems always have a root-directory inode number of 2 */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::getRootInodeNumber()
-{
-	return 2;
-}
-
-/* open a directory */
-OpenDirectory *Ext2fs::openDirectory(u32_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	readInode(inum, &inode);
-	if ((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) == EXT2_I_MODE_DIR)
-		return new Ext2OpenDirectory(this, inum, mode);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/* open a file */
-OpenFile *Ext2fs::openFile(u32_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	readInode(inum, &inode);
-	if ((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) == EXT2_I_MODE_FILE)
-		return new Ext2OpenFile(this, inum, mode);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/* stat an inode */
-int	Ext2fs::stat(u32_t inum, vfs_stat_t *buf)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	if (readInode(inum, &inode))
-		return -1;
-	buf->dev = 0;
-	switch(inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK)
-	{
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO:	buf->type = VFS_FT_FIFO;	break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR:	buf->type = VFS_FT_CHAR;
-				buf->dev = inode.i_block[0];	break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_DIR:	buf->type = VFS_FT_DIR;		break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK:	buf->type = VFS_FT_BLOCK;
-				buf->dev = inode.i_block[0];	break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_FILE:	buf->type = VFS_FT_FILE;	break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_SYM:	buf->type = VFS_FT_SYMLINK;	break;
-	case EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK:	buf->type = VFS_FT_SOCK;	break;
-	default:		buf->type = VFS_FT_UNKNOWN;
-	}
-	buf->size = inode.i_size;
-	buf->inode = inum;
-	buf->permissions = inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK;
-	buf->uid = inode.i_uid;
-	buf->gid = inode.i_gid;
-	buf->atime = inode.i_atime;
-	buf->mtime = inode.i_mtime;
-	buf->ctime = inode.i_ctime;
-	buf->links = inode.i_links_count;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* dereference a symbolink link */
-int	Ext2fs::link_deref(u32_t inum, char *buf)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	if (readInode(inum, &inode))
-		return -1;			/* Couldn't read inode */
-	if ((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_SYM)
-		return -2;
-	if (inode.i_size > VFS_MAX_PATH_LENGTH)
-		return -3;
-	if (inode.i_size < 61)
-	{
-		memcpy(buf, inode.i_block, inode.i_size);
-		buf[inode.i_size] = 0;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	char *block = new char[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	readBlock(inode.i_block[0], block);
-	memcpy(buf, block, inode.i_size);
-	buf[inode.i_size] = 0;
-	delete[] block;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-/*************************** internal functions ***************************/
-
-/* read an inode from the disk into memory */
-int	Ext2fs::readInode(u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *buf)
-{
-	if (inodeStatus(inum) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	inum--;			/* turn inode number into a 0-based index */
-	u32_t group = inum / mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inum % mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group, &group_desc);
-	ext2_inode_t *inode_block = new ext2_inode_t[8 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	readBlock(group_desc.bg_inode_table +
-		(index >> (3 + mySuper.s_log_block_size)), inode_block);
-	u32_t inode_block_index = index % (8 << mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	memcpy(buf, inode_block + inode_block_index, sizeof(ext2_inode_t));
-	delete[] inode_block;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* write an inode from memory onto the disk */
-int	Ext2fs::writeInode(u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *buf)
-{
-	if (inodeStatus(inum) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	inum--;			/* turn inode number into a 0-based index */
-	u32_t group = inum / mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inum % mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group, &group_desc);
-	ext2_inode_t *inode_block = new ext2_inode_t[8 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	u32_t block_num = group_desc.bg_inode_table +
-		(index >> (3 + mySuper.s_log_block_size));
-	readBlock(block_num, inode_block);
-	u32_t inode_block_index = index % (8 << mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	memcpy(inode_block + inode_block_index, buf, sizeof(ext2_inode_t));
-	writeBlock(block_num, inode_block);
-	delete[] inode_block;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* read the group descriptor for a given group number */
-int	Ext2fs::readGroupDescriptor(u32_t group, ext2_group_desc_t *buf)
-{
-	if (group >= myNumGroups)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_group_desc_t *gd_block =
-		new ext2_group_desc_t[myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock];
-	readBlock(mySuper.s_first_data_block + 1 +
-		(group / myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock), gd_block);
-	memcpy(buf, gd_block + (group % myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock),
-		sizeof(ext2_group_desc_t));
-	delete[] gd_block;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* write the group descriptor for a given group number */
-int	Ext2fs::writeGroupDescriptor(u32_t group, ext2_group_desc_t *buf)
-{
-	if (group >= myNumGroups)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_group_desc_t *gd_block =
-		new ext2_group_desc_t[myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock];
-	u32_t block_num = mySuper.s_first_data_block + 1 +
-		(group / myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock);
-	readBlock(block_num, gd_block);
-	memcpy(gd_block + (group % myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock), buf,
-		sizeof(ext2_group_desc_t));
-	writeBlock(block_num, gd_block);
-	delete[] gd_block;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* read a data block from the block device */
-int	Ext2fs::readBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf)
-{
-	return block_read(DEV_MAJOR(myDevice), DEV_MINOR(myDevice),
-		blockNum << (mySuper.s_log_block_size + 1),
-		2 << mySuper.s_log_block_size,
-		buf);
-}
-
-/* write a data block to the block device */
-int	Ext2fs::writeBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf)
-{
-	return block_write(DEV_MAJOR(myDevice), DEV_MINOR(myDevice),
-		blockNum << (mySuper.s_log_block_size + 1),
-		2 << mySuper.s_log_block_size,
-		buf);
-}
-
-/* check the status of an inode (1-based inode number)
- * -1: invalid inode number
- * 0: free inode
- * 1: allocated (used) inode
- */
-int	Ext2fs::inodeStatus(u32_t inum)
-{
-	if (inum < 1 || inum > mySuper.s_inodes_count)
-		return -1;			/* invalid inode number */
-	inum--;			/* turn inode number into a 0-based index */
-	u32_t group = inum / mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inum % mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group, &group_desc);
-	u8_t *bitmap_block = new u8_t[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	readBlock(group_desc.bg_inode_bitmap +
-		(index >> (13 + mySuper.s_log_block_size)), bitmap_block);
-	u32_t bitmap_index = index % (8192 << mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	int inode_status = (bitmap_block[bitmap_index >> 3] >> (bitmap_index & 0x7)) & 1;
-	delete[] bitmap_block;
-	return inode_status;
-}
-
-/* check the status of a block
- * -1: invalid block number
- * 0: free block
- * 1: allocated (used) block
- */
-int	Ext2fs::blockStatus(u32_t bnum)
-{
-	if (bnum < mySuper.s_first_data_block)
-		return 1;
-	if (bnum >= mySuper.s_blocks_count)
-		return -1;			/* invalid inode number */
-	bnum -= mySuper.s_first_data_block;
-	u32_t group = bnum / mySuper.s_blocks_per_group;
-	u32_t index = bnum % mySuper.s_blocks_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group, &group_desc);
-	u8_t *bitmap_block = new u8_t[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	readBlock(group_desc.bg_block_bitmap +
-		(index >> (13 + mySuper.s_log_block_size)), bitmap_block);
-	u32_t bitmap_index = index % (8192 << mySuper.s_log_block_size);
-	int block_status = (bitmap_block[bitmap_index >> 3] >> (bitmap_index & 0x7)) & 1;
-	delete[] bitmap_block;
-	return block_status;
-}
-
-/* allocate an inode, return number (0 on failure) */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::allocInode()
-{
-	ext2_group_desc_t gd;
-	for (unsigned int bg = 0; bg < myNumGroups; bg++)
-	{
-		readGroupDescriptor(bg, &gd);
-		if (gd.bg_free_inodes_count)
-		{
-			u32_t index = allocFromBitmap(gd.bg_inode_bitmap,
-				mySuper.s_inodes_per_group);
-			if (index == 0xFFFFFFFF)
-				return 0;
-			gd.bg_free_inodes_count--;
-			writeGroupDescriptor(bg, &gd);
-			mySuper.s_free_inodes_count--;
-			mySuperDirty = 1;
-			return (bg * mySuper.s_inodes_per_group) + index + 1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* allocate a block, return number (0 on failure) */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::allocBlock()
-{
-	ext2_group_desc_t gd;
-	for (unsigned int bg = 0; bg < myNumGroups; bg++)
-	{
-		readGroupDescriptor(bg, &gd);
-		if (gd.bg_free_blocks_count)
-		{
-			u32_t index = allocFromBitmap(gd.bg_block_bitmap,
-				mySuper.s_blocks_per_group);
-			if (index == 0xFFFFFFFF)
-				return 0;
-			gd.bg_free_blocks_count--;
-			writeGroupDescriptor(bg, &gd);
-			mySuper.s_free_blocks_count--;
-			mySuperDirty = 1;
-			return (bg * mySuper.s_blocks_per_group) + index +
-				mySuper.s_first_data_block;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* free an inode, return error code */
-int	Ext2fs::freeInode(u32_t inum)
-{
-	if (inum < 11 || inum > mySuper.s_inodes_count)
-		return -1;
-	if (inodeStatus(inum) != 1)
-		return -2;
-	inum--;					/* now 0-based */
-	ext2_group_desc_t gd;
-	u32_t group_num = inum / mySuper.s_inodes_per_group;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group_num, &gd);
-	freeFromBitmap(gd.bg_inode_bitmap, inum % mySuper.s_inodes_per_group);
-	gd.bg_free_inodes_count++;
-	mySuper.s_free_inodes_count++;
-	mySuperDirty = 1;
-	writeGroupDescriptor(group_num, &gd);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* free a block, return error code */
-int	Ext2fs::freeBlock(u32_t bnum)
-{
-	if (bnum < mySuper.s_first_data_block || bnum >= mySuper.s_blocks_count)
-		return -1;
-	if (blockStatus(bnum) != 1)
-		return -2;
-	bnum -= mySuper.s_first_data_block;		/* now 0-based */
-	ext2_group_desc_t gd;
-	u32_t group_num = bnum / mySuper.s_blocks_per_group;
-	readGroupDescriptor(group_num, &gd);
-	freeFromBitmap(gd.bg_block_bitmap, bnum % mySuper.s_blocks_per_group);
-	gd.bg_free_blocks_count++;
-	mySuper.s_free_blocks_count++;
-	mySuperDirty = 1;
-	writeGroupDescriptor(group_num, &gd);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* allocate a node from a bitmap, return the index, 0xFFFFFFFF on failure */
-u32_t	Ext2fs::allocFromBitmap(u32_t blockNum, u32_t maxBits)
-{
-	u8_t *block = new u8_t[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	u8_t *blockPtr = block;
-	u32_t maxBytes = (maxBits + 7) >> 3;
-	readBlock(blockNum, block);
-	for (u32_t idx = 0; idx < maxBytes; idx++)
-	{
-		if (*blockPtr != 0xFF)
-		{
-			for (u32_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++)
-			{
-				if ( !((*blockPtr) & (1 << bit)) )
-				{
-					u32_t nodeIndex = (idx << 3) + bit;
-					if (nodeIndex < maxBits)
-					{
-						*blockPtr |= (1 << bit);
-						writeBlock(blockNum, block);
-						return nodeIndex;
-					}
-					return 0xFFFFFFFF;
-				}
-			}
-			break;
-		}
-		blockPtr++;
-	}
-	delete[] block;
-	return 0xFFFFFFFF;
-}
-
-/* free a node from a bitmap */
-void	Ext2fs::freeFromBitmap(u32_t blockNum, u32_t node)
-{
-	u8_t *block = new u8_t[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	readBlock(blockNum, block);
-	u8_t *blockPtr = block + (node >> 3);
-	*blockPtr &= ((1 << (node & 0x7)) ^ 0xFF);
-	writeBlock(blockNum, block);
-	delete[] block;
-}
-
-/* unlink an inode:
- * decrement i_links_count
- * if it is zero, free the inode
- * if not, write the inode back
- */
-void	Ext2fs::unlink(u32_t inum)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	readInode(inum, &inode);
-	inode.i_links_count--;
-	if (inode.i_links_count)
-	{
-		writeInode(inum, &inode);
-		return;
-	}
-	truncateInode(inum);
-	freeInode(inum);
-}
-
-int	Ext2fs::attemptRemoveDir(u32_t inum)
-{
-	vfs_dir_entry_t dentry, dentry2;
-	OpenDirectory *od = openDirectory(inum, VFS_MODE_READ);
-	if (od->read(&dentry))
-	{
-		delete od;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (od->read(&dentry2))
-	{
-		delete od;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (!od->read(&dentry))
-	{
-		delete od;
-		return -1;
-	}
-	delete od;
-	unlink(dentry.inum);
-	unlink(dentry2.inum);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void	Ext2fs::truncateInode(u32_t inum)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	readInode(inum, &inode);
-	if ( ((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_DIR) &&
-		((inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_FILE) )
-		return;
-	for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
-		if (inode.i_block[i])
-			freeBlock(inode.i_block[i]);
-	u32_t entriesPerBlock = 256 << mySuper.s_log_block_size;
-	u32_t *block = new u32_t[entriesPerBlock];
-	if (inode.i_block[12])
-	{
-		readBlock(inode.i_block[12], block);
-		for (u32_t i = 0; i < entriesPerBlock; i++)
-			if (block[i])
-				freeBlock(block[i]);
-		freeBlock(inode.i_block[12]);
-	}
-	if (inode.i_block[13])
-	{
-		readBlock(inode.i_block[13], block);
-		u32_t *block2 = new u32_t[entriesPerBlock];
-		for (u32_t i = 0; i < entriesPerBlock; i++)
-			if (block[i])
-			{
-				readBlock(block[i], block2);
-				for (u32_t j = 0; j < entriesPerBlock; j++)
-					if (block2[j])
-						freeBlock(block2[j]);
-				freeBlock(block[i]);
-			}
-		delete[] block2;
-		freeBlock(inode.i_block[13]);
-	}
-	if (inode.i_block[14])
-	{
-		readBlock(inode.i_block[14], block);
-		u32_t *block2 = new u32_t[entriesPerBlock];
-		u32_t *block3 = new u32_t[entriesPerBlock];
-		for (u32_t i = 0; i < entriesPerBlock; i++)
-			if (block[i])
-			{
-				readBlock(block[i], block2);
-				for (u32_t j = 0; j < entriesPerBlock; j++)
-					if (block2[j])
-					{
-						readBlock(block2[j], block3);
-						for (u32_t k = 0; k < entriesPerBlock; k++)
-							if (block3[k])
-								freeBlock(block3[k]);
-						freeBlock(block2[j]);
-					}
-				freeBlock(block[i]);
-			}
-		delete[] block2;
-		delete[] block3;
-		freeBlock(inode.i_block[14]);
-	}
-	delete[] block;
-	for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
-		inode.i_block[i] = 0;
-	inode.i_size = 0;
-	inode.i_blocks = 0;
-	writeInode(inum, &inode);
-}
-
-int	Ext2fs::initializeDirectory(u32_t inum, u32_t parent)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	readInode(inum, &inode);
-	if ( !(inode.i_block[0] = allocBlock()) )
-		return -1;
-	u8_t *buffer = new u8_t[1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size];
-	ext2_dir_entry_t *de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) buffer;
-	de->name_length = 1;
-	de->length = 12;
-	de->inode = inum;
-	memcpy(de->name, ".", 1);
-	de = (ext2_dir_entry_t *) (buffer + 12);
-	de->name_length = 2;
-	de->length = (1024 << mySuper.s_log_block_size) - 12;
-	de->inode = parent;
-	memcpy(de->name, "..", 2);
-	delete[] buffer;
-	return 0;
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2.h
@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-// ext2.h
-// ext2 filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/10/05
-// Modified: 05/23/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2_H__
-#define __HOS_EXT2_H__ __HOS_EXT2_H__
-
-#define EXT2_MAGIC		0xEF53
-#define EXT2_NAME_LEN		255
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK	0x0FFF
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OX		0x0001
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OW		0x0002
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OR		0x0004
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GX		0x0008
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GW		0x0010
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GR		0x0020
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UX		0x0040
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UW		0x0080
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UR		0x0100
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_STICKY	0x0200
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SGID	0x0400
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SUID	0x0800
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK	0xF000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO	0x1000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR	0x2000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_DIR		0x4000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK	0x6000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FILE	0x8000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SYM		0xA000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK	0xC000
-
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SEC_DEL	0x01
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_UNDELETE	0x02
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_COMPRESS	0x04
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SYNC	0x08
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_IMMUTABLE	0x10
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_APPEND	0x20
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_NODUMP	0x40
-
-/* ext2 standard inode numbers */
-#define EXT2_INODE_BAD_BLOCKS	1
-#define EXT2_INODE_ROOT		2
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_INDEX	3
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_DATA	4
-#define EXT2_INODE_BOOT_LOADER	5
-#define EXT2_INODE_UNDELETE_DIR	6
-#define EXT2_INODE_AVAIL	11
-
-/* The directory entry file type field values */
-#define EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN	0
-#define EXT2_FT_FILE	1
-#define EXT2_FT_DIR	2
-#define EXT2_FT_CHAR	3
-#define EXT2_FT_BLOCK	4
-#define EXT2_FT_FIFO	5
-#define EXT2_FT_SOCK	6
-#define EXT2_FT_SYMLINK	7
-#define EXT2_FT_MAX	8
-
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	s_inodes_count;		/* Inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_count;		/* Blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_r_blocks_count;	/* Reserved blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_blocks_count;	/* Free blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_inodes_count;	/* Free inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_first_data_block;	/* First Data Block */
-	u32_t	s_log_block_size;	/* Block size: 0->1024, 1->2048, 2->4096 */
-	int	s_log_frag_size;	/* Fragment size */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_per_group;	/* # Blocks per group */
-	u32_t	s_frags_per_group;	/* # Fragments per group */
-	u32_t	s_inodes_per_group;	/* # Inodes per group */
-	u32_t	s_mtime;		/* Mount time */
-	u32_t	s_wtime;		/* Write time */
-	u16_t	s_mnt_count;		/* Mount count */
-	short	s_max_mnt_count;	/* Maximal mount count */
-	u16_t	s_magic;		/* Magic signature */
-	u16_t	s_state;		/* File system state */
-	u16_t	s_errors;		/* Behaviour when detecting errors */
-	u16_t	s_minor_rev_level;	/* minor revision level */
-	u32_t	s_lastcheck;		/* time of last check */
-	u32_t	s_checkinterval;	/* max. time between checks */
-	u32_t	s_creator_os;		/* OS */
-	u32_t	s_rev_level;		/* Revision level */
-	u16_t	s_def_resuid;		/* Default uid for reserved blocks */
-	u16_t	s_def_resgid;		/* Default gid for reserved blocks */
-
-	u32_t	s_reserved[235];
-} ext2_super_block_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	bg_block_bitmap;	// Blocks bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_bitmap;	// Inode bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_table;		// Inode table block
-	u16_t	bg_free_blocks_count;	// Free blocks count
-	u16_t	bg_free_inodes_count;	// Free Inodes count
-	u16_t	bg_used_dirs_count;	// Directories count
-	u16_t	bg_pad1;
-	u32_t	bg_reserved[3];
-} ext2_group_desc_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u16_t	i_mode;			// File mode
-	u16_t	i_uid;			// Owner UID
-	u32_t	i_size;			// Size in bytes
-	u32_t	i_atime;		// Access time
-	u32_t	i_ctime;		// Creation time
-	u32_t	i_mtime;		// Modification time
-	u32_t	i_dtime;		// Deletion time
-	u16_t	i_gid;			// Group ID
-	u16_t	i_links_count;		// Links count
-	u32_t	i_blocks;		// Disk Blocks count (512)
-	u32_t	i_flags;		// File flags
-	u32_t	i_reserved1;
-	u32_t	i_block[15];		// Pointers to blocks (12 direct, single, double, triple indirect)
-	u32_t	i_version;		// File version (for NFS)
-	u32_t	i_file_acl;		// File ACL
-	u32_t	i_dir_acl;		// Directory ACL
-	u32_t	i_faddr;		// Fragment address
-	u8_t	i_frag;			// Fragment number
-	u8_t	i_fsize;		// Fragment size
-	u16_t	i_pad1;
-	u32_t	i_reserved2[2];
-} ext2_inode_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	inode;			// inode number
-	u16_t	length;			// directory entry length
-	u8_t	name_length;		// name length
-	u8_t	file_type;		// File type (used???)
-	char	name[EXT2_NAME_LEN];
-} ext2_dir_entry_t;
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-
-int	ext2_init();
-FileSystem *ext2__mount_func(device_t dev);
-
-class Ext2fs : public FileSystem
-{
-protected:
-/* my data members */
-	device_t	myDevice;
-	int		mySuperDirty;
-	ext2_super_block_t mySuper;
-	u32_t		myNumGroups;
-	u32_t		myGroupDescriptorBlocks;
-	u32_t		myInodeTableBlocks;
-	u32_t		myGroupDescriptorsPerBlock;
-	u32_t		myInodesPerBlock;
-
-/* my functions */
-	int	readGroupDescriptor(u32_t group, ext2_group_desc_t *buf);
-	int	writeGroupDescriptor(u32_t group, ext2_group_desc_t *buf);
-	int	inodeStatus(u32_t inum);
-	int	blockStatus(u32_t bnum);
-	u32_t	allocFromBitmap(u32_t blockNum, u32_t max);
-	void	freeFromBitmap(u32_t blockNum, u32_t node);
-
-public:
-	Ext2fs(ext2_super_block_t *super, device_t dev);
-	~Ext2fs();
-	u32_t	totalBlocks();
-	u32_t	freeBlocks();
-	u32_t	totalInodes();
-	u32_t	freeInodes();
-	u32_t	getRootInodeNumber();
-	OpenDirectory *openDirectory(u32_t inum, int mode);
-	OpenFile *openFile(u32_t inum, int mode);
-	int	stat(u32_t inum, vfs_stat_t *buf);
-	int	readBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf);
-	int	writeBlock(u32_t blockNum, void *buf);
-	int	link_deref(u32_t inum, char *buf);
-	int	readInode(u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *buf);
-	int	writeInode(u32_t inum, ext2_inode_t *buf);
-	u32_t	allocInode();
-	u32_t	allocBlock();
-	int	freeInode(u32_t inum);
-	int	freeBlock(u32_t bnum);
-	void	unlink(u32_t inum);
-	int	attemptRemoveDir(u32_t inum);
-	void	truncateInode(u32_t inum);
-	int	initializeDirectory(u32_t inum, u32_t parent);
-
-	/* inlined functions */
-	inline u32_t numGroups() { return myNumGroups; }
-	inline u32_t groupDescriptorBlocks() { return myGroupDescriptorBlocks; }
-	inline u32_t inodeTableBlocks() { return myInodeTableBlocks; }
-	inline ext2_super_block_t *getSuper() { return &mySuper; }
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_old.c
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_old.c
@ -1,762 +0,0 @@
-// ext2.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/22/04
-// Modified: 12/24/04
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-#include "display/kout.h"
-#include "ext2.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-
-/* Turning an inode number into a (group, inode_index) pair:
- * group = (inode - 1) / s_inodes_per_group
- * index = (inode - 1) % s_inodes_per_group
- */
-
-vfs_fs_t ext2_driver = {ext2_mount_super,	ext2_umount_super,	ext2_stat,
-			ext2__get_root_dir_inode, ext2__link_deref,
-			ext2__free_inodes,	ext2__total_inodes,
-			ext2__free_blocks,	ext2__total_blocks,
-			ext2_alloc_inode,	ext2_free_inode,	ext2_alloc_block,	ext2_free_block,
-			ext2__open_dir,		ext2__read_dir,		ext2__close_dir,
-			ext2__open_file,	ext2__read_file,	ext2__close_file,
-			ext2__open_block_file,	ext2__read_block_file,	ext2__block_file_seek,	ext2__close_block_file};
-
-// initialize the filesystem driver
-int	ext2_init(int fsID)
-{
-	vfs_fs_t *fs;
-	if (( fs = New(vfs_fs_t) ))			// give the VFS our FS structure
-	{
-		*fs = ext2_driver;
-		vfs_register_fs(fsID, fs);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-
-// lookup a file name in a directory and store the directory entry for it
-int	ext2_dir_lookup(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t dir_inode, char *fileName, ext2_dir_entry_t *direntry)
-{
-	ext2_open_dir_t *dir = ext2_open_dir(mount, dir_inode);
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;			// bad directory inode number
-	ext2_dir_entry_t dentry;
-	while (!ext2_dir_read_entry(mount, dir, &dentry))
-	{
-		char *dentryName = kcalloc(1, dentry.name_length + 1);
-		memcpy(dentryName, dentry.name, dentry.name_length);
-		int res = strcmp(fileName, dentryName);
-		kfree(dentryName);
-		if (!res)
-		{
-			*direntry = dentry;
-			ext2_close_dir(mount, dir);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	ext2_close_dir(mount, dir);
-	return -2;
-}
-
-// open a directory by inode number for reading
-ext2_open_dir_t *ext2_open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir = New(ext2_open_dir_t);
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = ext2_open_inode(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_inode)
-	{
-		kfree(open_dir);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	if ((open_inode->inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_DIR)
-	{
-		ext2_close_inode(mount, open_inode);
-		kfree(open_dir);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	open_dir->open_inode = open_inode;
-	open_dir->position = 0;
-	return open_dir;
-}
-
-int	ext2_dir_read_entry(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir, ext2_dir_entry_t *dentry)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_dir->position >= open_dir->open_inode->inode.i_size)
-		return -1;		// EOF
-	u32_t dir_block = open_dir->position >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	char *block = kmalloc(2048 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_dir->open_inode, dir_block);
-	if (ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_dir->open_inode, block))
-		ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_dir->open_inode, block + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size));
-	ext2_dir_entry_t *dir_entry = (ext2_dir_entry_t *)(block + open_dir->position % (1024 << super->s_log_block_size));
-	if (!dir_entry->inode)
-	{
-		kfree(block);
-		return -2;		// EOF
-	}
-	memcpy(dentry, dir_entry, min(dir_entry->length, sizeof(ext2_dir_entry_t)));
-	open_dir->position += dir_entry->length;
-	kfree(block);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir)
-{
-	ext2_close_inode(mount, open_dir->open_inode);
-	kfree(open_dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// open an inode for reading
-ext2_open_inode_t *ext2_open_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = New(ext2_open_inode_t);
-	if ( ext2_read_inode(mount, inode_number, &(open_inode->inode)) )
-	{
-		kfree(open_inode);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	open_inode->block = 0;
-	open_inode->block_pointers = NULL;
-	open_inode->block_pointers_start = 0;
-	mount->refs++;
-	return open_inode;
-}
-
-
-// seek to a certain block of an open inode
-int	ext2_inode_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_inode->inode.i_size <= (block_number << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)))
-		return -1;	// at or past EOF
-	open_inode->block = block_number;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// returns number of bytes read
-int	ext2_read_inode_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, void *block)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_inode->inode.i_size <= (open_inode->block << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)))
-		return 0;	// at or past EOF
-	u32_t	leftover_bytes = open_inode->inode.i_size - (open_inode->block << (10 + super->s_log_block_size));
-	u32_t	block_number = ext2_block_number(mount, open_inode);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_number, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, block);
-	open_inode->block++;
-	return min(leftover_bytes, 1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-}
-
-
-// close an open inode
-int	ext2_close_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode)
-{
-	mount->refs--;
-	if (open_inode->block_pointers)
-		kfree(open_inode->block_pointers);		// free the block pointers cache
-	kfree(open_inode);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// check the status of an inode (1-based inode number)
-// -1: invalid inode number
-// 0: free inode
-// 1: allocated inode
-int	ext2_inode_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (inode_number < 1 || inode_number > super->s_inodes_count)	// inode number invalid
-		return -1;
-	inode_number--;				// turn inode_number into a 0-based index
-	u32_t group = inode_number / super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inode_number % super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t inode_bitmap_block = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, group).bg_inode_bitmap + (index >> (13 + super->s_log_block_size));
-	u32_t bitmap_index = index % (8192 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	u8_t *inode_bitmap = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor,
-		ext2_FSToDiskBlock(inode_bitmap_block, super), 2 << super->s_log_block_size, inode_bitmap);
-	int inode_status = (inode_bitmap[bitmap_index >> 3] >> (bitmap_index & 0x7)) & 1;
-	kfree(inode_bitmap);
-	return inode_status;
-}
-
-
-// check the status of a block
-// -1: invalid block number
-// 0: free block
-// 1: allocated block
-int	ext2_block_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (block_number < super->s_first_data_block || block_number > super->s_blocks_count)	// block number invalid
-		return -1;
-	block_number -= super->s_first_data_block;
-	u32_t group = block_number / super->s_blocks_per_group;
-	u32_t index = block_number % super->s_blocks_per_group;
-	u32_t block_bitmap_block = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, group).bg_block_bitmap + (index >> (13 + super->s_log_block_size));
-	u32_t bitmap_index = index % (8192 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	u8_t *block_bitmap = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor,
-		ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_bitmap_block, super), 2 << super->s_log_block_size, block_bitmap);
-	int block_status = (block_bitmap[bitmap_index >> 3] >> (bitmap_index & 0x7)) & 1;
-	kfree(block_bitmap);
-	return block_status;
-}
-
-
-// transform open_inode->block (a relative block number) to an absolute block number for the filesystem
-u32_t	ext2_block_number(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode)
-{
-	if (open_inode->block < 12)
-		return open_inode->inode.i_block[open_inode->block];
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	int pointersPerBlock = 256 << super->s_log_block_size;
-	if (open_inode->block_pointers &&			// there is a block pointers cache block allocated
-		(open_inode->block >= open_inode->block_pointers_start) &&	// and the block number is in it
-		(open_inode->block < (open_inode->block_pointers_start + pointersPerBlock)))
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[open_inode->block - open_inode->block_pointers_start];
-	u32_t	rel_block = open_inode->block - 12;
-	if (!open_inode->block_pointers)
-		open_inode->block_pointers = kmalloc(pointersPerBlock << 2);
-	if (rel_block < pointersPerBlock)			// indirect block in i_block[12]
-	{
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[12], super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12;
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block];
-	}
-	rel_block -= pointersPerBlock;
-	if (rel_block < (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock))	// double-indirect block in i_block[13]
-	{
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[13], super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		u32_t	real_block = open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block / pointersPerBlock];
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(real_block, super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12 + pointersPerBlock + rel_block - (rel_block % pointersPerBlock);
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block % pointersPerBlock];
-	}
-	// this code shouldn't run unless we are dealing with a 65+mb file ...
-	rel_block -= pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock;
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[14], super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	u32_t	index_1 = rel_block / (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock);
-	u32_t	leftover_1 = rel_block % (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock);
-	u32_t	block_1 = open_inode->block_pointers[index_1];
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_1, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	u32_t	index_2 = leftover_1 / pointersPerBlock;
-	u32_t	leftover_2 = leftover_1 % pointersPerBlock;
-	u32_t	block_2 = open_inode->block_pointers[index_2];
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_2, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12 + (pointersPerBlock + 1) * pointersPerBlock + rel_block - (rel_block % pointersPerBlock);
-	return open_inode->block_pointers[leftover_2];
-}
-
-
-// read the inode structure from the device
-int	ext2_read_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode) != 1)
-		return -1;			// free or invalid inode number
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	inode--;				// turn inode into a 0-based index
-	u32_t group = inode / super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inode % super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t inodeAddr = (ext2_get_group_desc(mount, group).bg_inode_table <<
-			 (10 + super->s_log_block_size)) + (index << 7);
-	void *block = kmalloc(512);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, inodeAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	memcpy(dat, (block + (inodeAddr & 0x1FF)), sizeof(ext2_inode_t));
-	kfree(block);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// write an inode structure to the device
-int	ext2_write_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode) != 1)
-		return -1;			// free or invalid inode number
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	inode--;				// turn inode into a 0-based index
-	u32_t group = inode / super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t index = inode % super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	u32_t inodeAddr = (ext2_get_group_desc(mount, group).bg_inode_table <<
-			 (10 + super->s_log_block_size)) + (index << 7);
-	void *block = kmalloc(512);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, inodeAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	memcpy( (block + (inodeAddr & 0x1FF)), dat, sizeof(ext2_inode_t));
-	block_write(mount->major, mount->minor, inodeAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	kfree(block);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// read the group descriptor structure from the device and return it
-ext2_group_desc_t	ext2_get_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	u32_t groupDescAddr = ((1 + super->s_first_data_block) << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)) + (group << 5);
-	void *block = kmalloc(512);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, groupDescAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	ext2_group_desc_t gd = *(ext2_group_desc_t *)(block + (groupDescAddr & 0x1FF));
-	kfree(block);
-	return gd;
-}
-
-// write the group descriptor structure to the device
-void	ext2_write_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group_num, ext2_group_desc_t *gd)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	u32_t groupDescAddr = ((1 + super->s_first_data_block) << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)) + (group_num << 5);
-	void *block = kmalloc(512);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, groupDescAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	memcpy( (block + (groupDescAddr & 0x1FF)), gd, sizeof(ext2_group_desc_t) );
-	block_write(mount->major, mount->minor, groupDescAddr >> 9, 1, block);
-	kfree(block);
-}
-
-// allocate an inode and return its number
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (!super->s_free_inodes_count)
-		return 0;		// no free inodes
-	int bg, bg_max = ext2_num_block_groups(super);
-	for (bg = 0; bg < bg_max; bg++)
-	{
-		ext2_group_desc_t group_desc = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, bg);
-		if (group_desc.bg_free_inodes_count)
-		{
-			u32_t node = ext2_reserve_node(mount, group_desc.bg_inode_bitmap, super->s_inodes_per_group);
-			group_desc.bg_free_inodes_count--;
-			ext2_write_group_desc(mount, bg, &group_desc);
-			super->s_free_inodes_count--;
-			return bg * super->s_inodes_per_group + node + 1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_free_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (inode_number < 11 || inode_number > super->s_inodes_count)
-		return -1;	// invalid inode number
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -2;	// inode not allocated
-	inode_number--;		// now a 0-based inode number
-	int bg = inode_number / super->s_inodes_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, bg);
-	ext2_free_node(mount, group_desc.bg_inode_bitmap, inode_number % super->s_inodes_per_group);
-	group_desc.bg_free_inodes_count++;
-	ext2_write_group_desc(mount, bg, &group_desc);
-	super->s_free_inodes_count++;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// allocate a block and return its number
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_block(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (!super->s_free_blocks_count)
-		return 0;		// no free blocks
-	int bg, bg_max = ext2_num_block_groups(super);
-	for (bg = 0; bg < bg_max; bg++)
-	{
-		ext2_group_desc_t group_desc = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, bg);
-		if (group_desc.bg_free_blocks_count)
-		{
-			u32_t node = ext2_reserve_node(mount, group_desc.bg_block_bitmap, super->s_blocks_per_group);
-			group_desc.bg_free_blocks_count--;
-			ext2_write_group_desc(mount, bg, &group_desc);
-			super->s_free_blocks_count--;
-			return bg * super->s_blocks_per_group + node + super->s_first_data_block;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_free_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (block_number < super->s_first_data_block || block_number > (super->s_blocks_count + super->s_first_data_block - 1))
-		return -1;	// invalid block number
-	if (ext2_block_status(mount, block_number) != 1)
-		return -2;	// block not allocated
-	block_number -= super->s_first_data_block;	// now a 0-based block number
-	int bg = block_number / super->s_blocks_per_group;
-	ext2_group_desc_t group_desc = ext2_get_group_desc(mount, bg);
-	ext2_free_node(mount, group_desc.bg_block_bitmap, block_number % super->s_blocks_per_group);
-	group_desc.bg_free_blocks_count++;
-	ext2_write_group_desc(mount, bg, &group_desc);
-	super->s_free_blocks_count++;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_resize_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, u32_t new_size)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	if ( ext2_read_inode(mount, inode_number, &inode) )
-		return -1;
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	int current_blocks = (inode.i_size + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) - 1) >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	int new_blocks = (new_size + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) - 1) >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	if ( new_blocks == current_blocks )
-		return 0;
-
-	// TODO: resize
-	u32_t	block_size = 1024 << super->s_log_block_size;
-	u32_t	pointers_per_block = block_size >> 2;
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache1 = kmalloc(3 * block_size);
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache2 = pointer_cache1 + pointers_per_block;
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache3 = pointer_cache2 + pointers_per_block;
-	u32_t	c1_start, c2_start, c3_start;
-	c1_start = c2_start = c3_start = 0;
-	while (new_blocks < current_blocks)	// delete, decrease current_blocks
-	{
-		current_blocks--;
-		// now delete block number current_blocks
-		
-	}
-
-	while (current_blocks < new_blocks)	// add, increase current_blocks
-	{
-	}
-}
-
-// reserve a node of a inode or block bitmap and mark its entry allocated
-u32_t	ext2_reserve_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t bitmap_size)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	u32_t *bitmap = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	int block, max_block = (bitmap_size - 1) / (8192 << super->s_log_block_size) + 1;
-	for (block = 0; block < max_block; block++)
-	{
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(bitmap_block_num + block, super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, bitmap);
-		int num, num_max = 256 << super->s_log_block_size;
-		u32_t *block_pointer = bitmap;
-		int done = 0;
-		for (num = 0; num < num_max && !done; num++)
-		{
-			if (*block_pointer != 0xFFFFFFFF)
-			{
-				done = 1;
-				int bit;
-				for (bit = 0; bit < 32; bit++)
-				{
-					if (!(*block_pointer & (1 << bit)))
-					{
-						u32_t node_number = (block * 8192 << super->s_log_block_size) + (num << 5) + bit;
-						if (node_number < bitmap_size)
-						{
-							// found a node, mark it allocated, write the bitmap, return
-							*block_pointer |= (1 << bit);
-							block_write(mount->major, mount->minor,
-								ext2_FSToDiskBlock(bitmap_block_num + block, super),
-								2 << super->s_log_block_size, bitmap);
-							kfree(bitmap);
-							return node_number;
-						}
-						kfree(bitmap);
-						return 0;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			block_pointer++;
-		}
-	}
-	kfree(bitmap);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_free_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t node_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	u32_t block_num = node_number >> (13 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	byte *block = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(bitmap_block_num + block_num, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, block);
-	u32_t node_bit_offset = node_number % (8192 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	u32_t node_byte_offset = node_bit_offset >> 3;
-	block[node_byte_offset] &= (0xFF ^ (1 << (node_bit_offset & 0x7)));
-	block_write(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(bitmap_block_num + block_num, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, block);
-	kfree(block);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// return how many block groups are on the filesystem
-int	ext2_num_block_groups(ext2_super_block_t *super)
-{
-	return (super->s_inodes_count / super->s_inodes_per_group) + 1;
-}
-
-void	ext2_write_super(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	block_write(mount->major, mount->minor, 2, 2, mount->super);
-}
-
-
-/***************** VFS INTERFACE FUNCTIONS *******************/
-
-
-// mount the superblock of the filesystem and return a pointer to it, if valid
-void	*ext2_mount_super(major_t major, minor_t minor)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = kmalloc(1024);
-	block_read(major, minor, 2, 2, super);
-	if (super->s_magic != EXT2_MAGIC)			// not an ext2 filesystem
-	{
-		kfree(super);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return super;
-}
-
-
-// called when we are unmounting this filesystem mount
-int	ext2_umount_super(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_write_super(mount);
-	return kfree(mount->super);			// free memory that the superblock was taking
-}
-
-
-// stat a file, return a structure of info about it
-int	ext2_stat(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_stat_t *stat)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_inode_t *inode = New(ext2_inode_t);
-	if ( ext2_read_inode(mount, inode_number, inode) )
-	{
-		kfree(inode);
-		return -2;
-	}
-
-	stat->dev = 0;
-	switch(inode->i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK)
-	{
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO:	stat->type = VFS_FT_FIFO;	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR:	stat->type = VFS_FT_CHAR;	stat->dev = inode->i_block[0];	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_DIR:	stat->type = VFS_FT_DIR;	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK:	stat->type = VFS_FT_BLOCK;	stat->dev = inode->i_block[0];	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_FILE:	stat->type = VFS_FT_FILE;	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_SYM:	stat->type = VFS_FT_SYMLINK;	break;
-		case EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK:	stat->type = VFS_FT_SOCK;	break;
-		default:		stat->type = VFS_FT_UNKNOWN;	break;
-	}
-	stat->size	= inode->i_size;
-	stat->inode	= inode_number;
-	stat->permissions = inode->i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK;
-	stat->uid	= inode->i_uid;
-	stat->gid	= inode->i_gid;
-	stat->atime	= inode->i_atime;
-	stat->mtime	= inode->i_mtime;
-	stat->ctime	= inode->i_ctime;
-	stat->links	= inode->i_links_count;
-	kfree(inode);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// what is the inode of the root directory?
-u32_t	ext2__get_root_dir_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	return 2;
-}
-
-
-// VFS interface function to dereference a symbolic link
-int	ext2__link_deref(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t link_inode, char *link)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	if (ext2_read_inode(mount, link_inode, &inode))
-		return -1;
-	if ( (inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_SYM )
-		return -2;
-	if (!inode.i_size)
-		return -4;
-	if (inode.i_size < 61)
-	{
-		memcpy(link, inode.i_block, inode.i_size);
-		link[inode.i_size] = 0;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode;
-		if (!(open_inode = ext2_open_inode(mount, link_inode)))
-			return -3;
-		ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-		void *buffer = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-		memset(link, 0, 4096);
-		int copied = 0;
-		while (copied < 4096)
-		{
-			int bytes_read = ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_inode, buffer);
-			if (bytes_read == 0)
-				break;
-			memcpy(link + copied, buffer, bytes_read);
-			copied += bytes_read;
-		}
-		ext2_close_inode(mount, open_inode);
-		kfree(buffer);
-		return 0;
-	}
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to return the number of free inodes
-int	ext2__free_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	return super->s_free_inodes_count;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to return the total number of inodes
-int	ext2__total_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	return super->s_inodes_count;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to return the number of free 512-byte blocks
-int	ext2__free_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	return super->s_free_blocks_count << (1 + super->s_log_block_size);
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to return the total number of 512-byte blocks
-int	ext2__total_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	return super->s_blocks_count << (1 + super->s_log_block_size);
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to open a directory
-int	ext2__open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *dir)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir = ext2_open_dir(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_dir)
-		return -2;
-	dir->fs_data = open_dir;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a directory entry from an open directory
-int	ext2__read_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry)
-{
-	ext2_dir_entry_t t_dentry;
-	int status = ext2_dir_read_entry(mount, dir->fs_data, &t_dentry);
-	if (status)
-		return status;
-	memcpy(dentry->name, t_dentry.name, t_dentry.name_length);
-	dentry->name[t_dentry.name_length] = 0;
-	dentry->inode_number = t_dentry.inode;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close an open directory
-int	ext2__close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir)
-{
-	return ext2_close_dir(mount, dir->fs_data);
-}
-
-
-// VFS interface function to open a file for reading a byte at a time
-int	ext2__open_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a byte from an open file
-int	ext2__read_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close a byte-file
-int	ext2__close_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// VFS interface function to open a file for reading 512-byte blocks at a time
-int	ext2__open_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = ext2_open_inode(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_inode)
-		return -2;
-	if ((open_inode->inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_FILE)
-	{
-		ext2_close_inode(mount, open_inode);
-		return -3;
-	}
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = New(ext2__open_block_file_t);
-	open_block_file->open_inode = open_inode;
-	open_block_file->block = 0;
-	open_file->fs_data = open_block_file;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a block from an open block file
-// returns the number of bytes read
-int	ext2__read_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	if (ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, ext2_diskToFSBlock(open_block_file->block, super)))
-		return 0;	// EOF
-	u8_t *block = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	u32_t file_position_read = (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) * open_block_file->open_inode->block;
-	u32_t file_position_want = open_block_file->block << 9;
-	u32_t data_offset = file_position_want - file_position_read;
-	int bytes_read = ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, block);
-	if (bytes_read <= data_offset)
-	{
-		kfree(block);
-		return 0;	// EOF
-	}
-	memcpy(buffer, block + data_offset, min(512, bytes_read - data_offset));
-	kfree(block);
-	open_block_file->block++;
-	return min(512, bytes_read - data_offset);
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to seek to a certain block number of an open block file
-int	ext2__block_file_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	return ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_number, mount->super));
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close an open block file
-int	ext2__close_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	ext2_close_inode(mount, open_block_file->open_inode);
-	kfree(open_block_file);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_old.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_old.h
@ -1,241 +0,0 @@
-// ext2.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/22/04
-// Modified: 12/24/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2_H__
-#define __HOS_EXT2_H__ __HOS_EXT2_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-
-#define EXT2_MAGIC 0xEF53
-#define EXT2_NAME_LEN 255
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK	0x0FFF
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OX		0x0001
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OW		0x0002
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OR		0x0004
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GX		0x0008
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GW		0x0010
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GR		0x0020
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UX		0x0040
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UW		0x0080
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UR		0x0100
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_STICKY	0x0200
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SGID	0x0400
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SUID	0x0800
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK	0xF000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO	0x1000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR	0x2000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_DIR		0x4000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK	0x6000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FILE	0x8000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SYM		0xA000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK	0xC000
-
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SEC_DEL	0x01
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_UNDELETE	0x02
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_COMPRESS	0x04
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SYNC	0x08
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_IMMUTABLE	0x10
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_APPEND	0x20
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_NODUMP	0x40
-
-#define EXT2_INODE_BAD_BLOCKS	1
-#define EXT2_INODE_ROOT		2
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_INDEX	3
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_DATA	4
-#define EXT2_INODE_BOOT_LOADER	5
-#define EXT2_INODE_UNDELETE_DIR	6
-#define EXT2_INODE_AVAIL	11
-
-#define EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN	0
-#define EXT2_FT_FILE	1
-#define EXT2_FT_DIR	2
-#define EXT2_FT_CHAR	3
-#define EXT2_FT_BLOCK	4
-#define EXT2_FT_FIFO	5
-#define EXT2_FT_SOCK	6
-#define EXT2_FT_SYMLINK	7
-#define EXT2_FT_MAX	8
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	s_inodes_count;		/* Inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_count;		/* Blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_r_blocks_count;	/* Reserved blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_blocks_count;	/* Free blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_inodes_count;	/* Free inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_first_data_block;	/* First Data Block */
-	u32_t	s_log_block_size;	/* Block size: 0->1024, 1->2048, 2->4096 */
-	int	s_log_frag_size;	/* Fragment size */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_per_group;	/* # Blocks per group */
-	u32_t	s_frags_per_group;	/* # Fragments per group */
-	u32_t	s_inodes_per_group;	/* # Inodes per group */
-	u32_t	s_mtime;			/* Mount time */
-	u32_t	s_wtime;			/* Write time */
-	u16_t	s_mnt_count;		/* Mount count */
-	short	s_max_mnt_count;		/* Maximal mount count */
-	u16_t	s_magic;			/* Magic signature */
-	u16_t	s_state;		/* File system state */
-	u16_t	s_errors;		/* Behaviour when detecting errors */
-	u16_t	s_minor_rev_level;	/* minor revision level */
-	u32_t	s_lastcheck;		/* time of last check */
-	u32_t	s_checkinterval;	/* max. time between checks */
-	u32_t	s_creator_os;		/* OS */
-	u32_t	s_rev_level;		/* Revision level */
-	u16_t	s_def_resuid;		/* Default uid for reserved blocks */
-	u16_t	s_def_resgid;		/* Default gid for reserved blocks */
-
-	u32_t	s_reserved[235];
-} ext2_super_block_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	bg_block_bitmap;	// Blocks bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_bitmap;	// Inode bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_table;		// Inode table block
-	u16_t	bg_free_blocks_count;	// Free blocks count
-	u16_t	bg_free_inodes_count;	// Free Inodes count
-	u16_t	bg_used_dirs_count;	// Directories count
-	u16_t	bg_pad1;
-	u32_t	bg_reserved[3];
-} ext2_group_desc_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u16_t	i_mode;			// File mode
-	u16_t	i_uid;			// Owner UID
-	u32_t	i_size;			// Size in bytes
-	u32_t	i_atime;		// Access time
-	u32_t	i_ctime;		// Creation time
-	u32_t	i_mtime;		// Modification time
-	u32_t	i_dtime;		// Deletion time
-	u16_t	i_gid;			// Group ID
-	u16_t	i_links_count;		// Links count
-	u32_t	i_blocks;		// Blocks count
-	u32_t	i_flags;		// File flags
-	u32_t	i_reserved1;
-	u32_t	i_block[15];		// Pointers to blocks (12 direct, single, double, triple indirect)
-	u32_t	i_version;		// File version (for NFS)
-	u32_t	i_file_acl;		// File ACL
-	u32_t	i_dir_acl;		// Directory ACL
-	u32_t	i_faddr;		// Fragment address
-	u8_t	i_frag;			// Fragment number
-	u8_t	i_fsize;		// Fragment size
-	u16_t	i_pad1;
-	u32_t	i_reserved2[2];
-} ext2_inode_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	inode;			// inode number
-	u16_t	length;			// directory entry length
-	u8_t	name_length;		// name length
-	u8_t	file_type;		// File type
-	char	name[EXT2_NAME_LEN];
-} ext2_dir_entry_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_inode_t	inode;
-	u32_t	block;
-	u32_t	*block_pointers;
-	u32_t	block_pointers_start;
-} ext2_open_inode_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	position;
-} ext2_open_dir_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	position;
-	u32_t	buffer_start;
-	u32_t	buffer_bytes;
-	u8_t	*buffer;
-} ext2__open_file_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	block;
-} ext2__open_block_file_t;
-
-static inline u32_t	ext2_diskToFSBlock(u32_t block, ext2_super_block_t *super)
-{
-	// convert # of disk blocks to # of filesystem blocks
-	return block >> (super->s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-static inline u32_t	ext2_FSToDiskBlock(u32_t block, ext2_super_block_t *super)
-{
-	// convert # of filesystem blocks to # of disk blocks
-	return block << (super->s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-
-int	ext2_init(int fsID);
-int	ext2_read_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat);
-int	ext2_write_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat);
-ext2_group_desc_t	ext2_get_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group);
-void	ext2_write_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group_num, ext2_group_desc_t *gd);
-ext2_open_inode_t *ext2_open_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_close_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode);
-int	ext2_read_inode_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, void *block);
-u32_t	ext2_block_number(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode);
-int	ext2_inode_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, u32_t block_number);
-
-int	ext2_inode_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_block_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_free_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_block(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_free_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-u32_t	ext2_reserve_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t bitmap_size);
-int	ext2_free_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t node_number);
-int	ext2_num_block_groups(ext2_super_block_t *super);
-void	ext2_write_super(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-int	ext2_resize_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, u32_t new_size);
-
-ext2_open_dir_t *ext2_open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_dir_read_entry(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir, ext2_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-int	ext2_close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir);
-int	ext2_dir_lookup(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t dir_inode, char *fileName, ext2_dir_entry_t *direntry);
-
-
-void	*ext2_mount_super(major_t major, minor_t minor);
-int	ext2_umount_super(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_stat(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_stat_t *stat);
-u32_t	ext2__get_root_dir_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__link_deref(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t link_inode, char *link);
-int	ext2__free_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__total_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__free_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__total_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-
-int	ext2__open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-int	ext2__read_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-int	ext2__close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-
-int	ext2__open_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__read_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__close_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-int	ext2__open_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__read_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer);
-int	ext2__block_file_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number);
-int	ext2__close_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_working.c
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_working.c
@ -1,332 +0,0 @@
-
-
-// lookup a file name in a directory and store the directory entry for it
-int	ext2_dir_lookup(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t dir_inode, char *fileName, ext2_dir_entry_t *direntry)
-{
-	ext2_open_dir_t *dir = ext2_open_dir(mount, dir_inode);
-	if (!dir)
-		return -1;			// bad directory inode number
-	ext2_dir_entry_t dentry;
-	while (!ext2_dir_read_entry(mount, dir, &dentry))
-	{
-		char *dentryName = kcalloc(1, dentry.name_length + 1);
-		memcpy(dentryName, dentry.name, dentry.name_length);
-		int res = strcmp(fileName, dentryName);
-		kfree(dentryName);
-		if (!res)
-		{
-			*direntry = dentry;
-			ext2_close_dir(mount, dir);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	ext2_close_dir(mount, dir);
-	return -2;
-}
-
-// open a directory by inode number for reading
-ext2_open_dir_t *ext2_open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir = New(ext2_open_dir_t);
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = ext2_open_inode(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_inode)
-	{
-		kfree(open_dir);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	if ((open_inode->inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_DIR)
-	{
-		ext2_close_inode(mount, open_inode);
-		kfree(open_dir);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	open_dir->open_inode = open_inode;
-	open_dir->position = 0;
-	return open_dir;
-}
-
-int	ext2_dir_read_entry(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir, ext2_dir_entry_t *dentry)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_dir->position >= open_dir->open_inode->inode.i_size)
-		return -1;		// EOF
-	u32_t dir_block = open_dir->position >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	char *block = kmalloc(2048 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_dir->open_inode, dir_block);
-	if (ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_dir->open_inode, block))
-		ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_dir->open_inode, block + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size));
-	ext2_dir_entry_t *dir_entry = (ext2_dir_entry_t *)(block + open_dir->position % (1024 << super->s_log_block_size));
-	if (!dir_entry->inode)
-	{
-		kfree(block);
-		return -2;		// EOF
-	}
-	memcpy(dentry, dir_entry, min(dir_entry->length, sizeof(ext2_dir_entry_t)));
-	open_dir->position += dir_entry->length;
-	kfree(block);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	ext2_close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir)
-{
-	ext2_close_inode(mount, open_dir->open_inode);
-	kfree(open_dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// open an inode for reading
-ext2_open_inode_t *ext2_open_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = New(ext2_open_inode_t);
-	if ( ext2_read_inode(mount, inode_number, &(open_inode->inode)) )
-	{
-		kfree(open_inode);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	open_inode->block = 0;
-	open_inode->block_pointers = NULL;
-	open_inode->block_pointers_start = 0;
-	mount->refs++;
-	return open_inode;
-}
-
-
-// seek to a certain block of an open inode
-int	ext2_inode_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_inode->inode.i_size <= (block_number << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)))
-		return -1;	// at or past EOF
-	open_inode->block = block_number;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// returns number of bytes read
-int	ext2_read_inode_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, void *block)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	if (open_inode->inode.i_size <= (open_inode->block << (10 + super->s_log_block_size)))
-		return 0;	// at or past EOF
-	u32_t	leftover_bytes = open_inode->inode.i_size - (open_inode->block << (10 + super->s_log_block_size));
-	u32_t	block_number = ext2_block_number(mount, open_inode);
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_number, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, block);
-	open_inode->block++;
-	return min(leftover_bytes, 1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-}
-
-
-// close an open inode
-int	ext2_close_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode)
-{
-	mount->refs--;
-	if (open_inode->block_pointers)
-		kfree(open_inode->block_pointers);		// free the block pointers cache
-	kfree(open_inode);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// transform open_inode->block (a relative block number) to an absolute block number for the filesystem
-u32_t	ext2_block_number(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode)
-{
-	if (open_inode->block < 12)
-		return open_inode->inode.i_block[open_inode->block];
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	int pointersPerBlock = 256 << super->s_log_block_size;
-	if (open_inode->block_pointers &&			// there is a block pointers cache block allocated
-		(open_inode->block >= open_inode->block_pointers_start) &&	// and the block number is in it
-		(open_inode->block < (open_inode->block_pointers_start + pointersPerBlock)))
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[open_inode->block - open_inode->block_pointers_start];
-	u32_t	rel_block = open_inode->block - 12;
-	if (!open_inode->block_pointers)
-		open_inode->block_pointers = kmalloc(pointersPerBlock << 2);
-	if (rel_block < pointersPerBlock)			// indirect block in i_block[12]
-	{
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[12], super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12;
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block];
-	}
-	rel_block -= pointersPerBlock;
-	if (rel_block < (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock))	// double-indirect block in i_block[13]
-	{
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[13], super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		u32_t	real_block = open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block / pointersPerBlock];
-		block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(real_block, super),
-			2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-		open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12 + pointersPerBlock + rel_block - (rel_block % pointersPerBlock);
-		return open_inode->block_pointers[rel_block % pointersPerBlock];
-	}
-	// this code shouldn't run unless we are dealing with a 65+mb file ...
-	rel_block -= pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock;
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(open_inode->inode.i_block[14], super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	u32_t	index_1 = rel_block / (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock);
-	u32_t	leftover_1 = rel_block % (pointersPerBlock * pointersPerBlock);
-	u32_t	block_1 = open_inode->block_pointers[index_1];
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_1, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	u32_t	index_2 = leftover_1 / pointersPerBlock;
-	u32_t	leftover_2 = leftover_1 % pointersPerBlock;
-	u32_t	block_2 = open_inode->block_pointers[index_2];
-	block_read(mount->major, mount->minor, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_2, super),
-		2 << super->s_log_block_size, open_inode->block_pointers);
-	open_inode->block_pointers_start = 12 + (pointersPerBlock + 1) * pointersPerBlock + rel_block - (rel_block % pointersPerBlock);
-	return open_inode->block_pointers[leftover_2];
-}
-
-
-int	ext2_resize_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, u32_t new_size)
-{
-	ext2_inode_t inode;
-	if ( ext2_read_inode(mount, inode_number, &inode) )
-		return -1;
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	int current_blocks = (inode.i_size + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) - 1) >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	int new_blocks = (new_size + (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) - 1) >> (10 + super->s_log_block_size);
-	if ( new_blocks == current_blocks )
-		return 0;
-
-	// TODO: resize
-	u32_t	block_size = 1024 << super->s_log_block_size;
-	u32_t	pointers_per_block = block_size >> 2;
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache1 = kmalloc(3 * block_size);
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache2 = pointer_cache1 + pointers_per_block;
-	u32_t	*pointer_cache3 = pointer_cache2 + pointers_per_block;
-	u32_t	c1_start, c2_start, c3_start;
-	c1_start = c2_start = c3_start = 0;
-	while (new_blocks < current_blocks)	// delete, decrease current_blocks
-	{
-		current_blocks--;
-		// now delete block number current_blocks
-		
-	}
-
-	while (current_blocks < new_blocks)	// add, increase current_blocks
-	{
-	}
-}
-
-
-/***************** VFS INTERFACE FUNCTIONS *******************/
-
-
-
-// VFS interface function to open a directory
-int	ext2__open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *dir)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir = ext2_open_dir(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_dir)
-		return -2;
-	dir->fs_data = open_dir;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a directory entry from an open directory
-int	ext2__read_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry)
-{
-	ext2_dir_entry_t t_dentry;
-	int status = ext2_dir_read_entry(mount, dir->fs_data, &t_dentry);
-	if (status)
-		return status;
-	memcpy(dentry->name, t_dentry.name, t_dentry.name_length);
-	dentry->name[t_dentry.name_length] = 0;
-	dentry->inode_number = t_dentry.inode;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close an open directory
-int	ext2__close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir)
-{
-	return ext2_close_dir(mount, dir->fs_data);
-}
-
-
-// VFS interface function to open a file for reading a byte at a time
-int	ext2__open_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a byte from an open file
-int	ext2__read_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close a byte-file
-int	ext2__close_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// VFS interface function to open a file for reading 512-byte blocks at a time
-int	ext2__open_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	if (ext2_inode_status(mount, inode_number) != 1)
-		return -1;
-	ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode = ext2_open_inode(mount, inode_number);
-	if (!open_inode)
-		return -2;
-	if ((open_inode->inode.i_mode & EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK) != EXT2_I_MODE_FILE)
-	{
-		ext2_close_inode(mount, open_inode);
-		return -3;
-	}
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = New(ext2__open_block_file_t);
-	open_block_file->open_inode = open_inode;
-	open_block_file->block = 0;
-	open_file->fs_data = open_block_file;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to read a block from an open block file
-// returns the number of bytes read
-int	ext2__read_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer)
-{
-	ext2_super_block_t *super = mount->super;
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	if (ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, ext2_diskToFSBlock(open_block_file->block, super)))
-		return 0;	// EOF
-	u8_t *block = kmalloc(1024 << super->s_log_block_size);
-	u32_t file_position_read = (1024 << super->s_log_block_size) * open_block_file->open_inode->block;
-	u32_t file_position_want = open_block_file->block << 9;
-	u32_t data_offset = file_position_want - file_position_read;
-	int bytes_read = ext2_read_inode_block(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, block);
-	if (bytes_read <= data_offset)
-	{
-		kfree(block);
-		return 0;	// EOF
-	}
-	memcpy(buffer, block + data_offset, min(512, bytes_read - data_offset));
-	kfree(block);
-	open_block_file->block++;
-	return min(512, bytes_read - data_offset);
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to seek to a certain block number of an open block file
-int	ext2__block_file_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	return ext2_inode_seek(mount, open_block_file->open_inode, ext2_FSToDiskBlock(block_number, mount->super));
-}
-
-// VFS interface function to close an open block file
-int	ext2__close_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	ext2__open_block_file_t *open_block_file = open_file->fs_data;
-	ext2_close_inode(mount, open_block_file->open_inode);
-	kfree(open_block_file);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-
--- a/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_working.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/ext2/ext2_working.h
@ -1,241 +0,0 @@
-// ext2.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/22/04
-// Modified: 12/24/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_EXT2_H__
-#define __HOS_EXT2_H__ __HOS_EXT2_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-
-#define EXT2_MAGIC 0xEF53
-#define EXT2_NAME_LEN 255
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_ATTR_MASK	0x0FFF
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OX		0x0001
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OW		0x0002
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_OR		0x0004
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GX		0x0008
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GW		0x0010
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_GR		0x0020
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UX		0x0040
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UW		0x0080
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_UR		0x0100
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_STICKY	0x0200
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SGID	0x0400
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SUID	0x0800
-
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_TYPE_MASK	0xF000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FIFO	0x1000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_CHAR	0x2000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_DIR		0x4000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_BLOCK	0x6000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_FILE	0x8000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SYM		0xA000
-#define EXT2_I_MODE_SOCK	0xC000
-
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SEC_DEL	0x01
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_UNDELETE	0x02
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_COMPRESS	0x04
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_SYNC	0x08
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_IMMUTABLE	0x10
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_APPEND	0x20
-#define EXT2_I_FLAGS_NODUMP	0x40
-
-#define EXT2_INODE_BAD_BLOCKS	1
-#define EXT2_INODE_ROOT		2
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_INDEX	3
-#define EXT2_INODE_ACL_DATA	4
-#define EXT2_INODE_BOOT_LOADER	5
-#define EXT2_INODE_UNDELETE_DIR	6
-#define EXT2_INODE_AVAIL	11
-
-#define EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN	0
-#define EXT2_FT_FILE	1
-#define EXT2_FT_DIR	2
-#define EXT2_FT_CHAR	3
-#define EXT2_FT_BLOCK	4
-#define EXT2_FT_FIFO	5
-#define EXT2_FT_SOCK	6
-#define EXT2_FT_SYMLINK	7
-#define EXT2_FT_MAX	8
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	s_inodes_count;		/* Inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_count;		/* Blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_r_blocks_count;	/* Reserved blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_blocks_count;	/* Free blocks count */
-	u32_t	s_free_inodes_count;	/* Free inodes count */
-	u32_t	s_first_data_block;	/* First Data Block */
-	u32_t	s_log_block_size;	/* Block size: 0->1024, 1->2048, 2->4096 */
-	int	s_log_frag_size;	/* Fragment size */
-	u32_t	s_blocks_per_group;	/* # Blocks per group */
-	u32_t	s_frags_per_group;	/* # Fragments per group */
-	u32_t	s_inodes_per_group;	/* # Inodes per group */
-	u32_t	s_mtime;			/* Mount time */
-	u32_t	s_wtime;			/* Write time */
-	u16_t	s_mnt_count;		/* Mount count */
-	short	s_max_mnt_count;		/* Maximal mount count */
-	u16_t	s_magic;			/* Magic signature */
-	u16_t	s_state;		/* File system state */
-	u16_t	s_errors;		/* Behaviour when detecting errors */
-	u16_t	s_minor_rev_level;	/* minor revision level */
-	u32_t	s_lastcheck;		/* time of last check */
-	u32_t	s_checkinterval;	/* max. time between checks */
-	u32_t	s_creator_os;		/* OS */
-	u32_t	s_rev_level;		/* Revision level */
-	u16_t	s_def_resuid;		/* Default uid for reserved blocks */
-	u16_t	s_def_resgid;		/* Default gid for reserved blocks */
-
-	u32_t	s_reserved[235];
-} ext2_super_block_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	bg_block_bitmap;	// Blocks bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_bitmap;	// Inode bitmap block
-	u32_t	bg_inode_table;		// Inode table block
-	u16_t	bg_free_blocks_count;	// Free blocks count
-	u16_t	bg_free_inodes_count;	// Free Inodes count
-	u16_t	bg_used_dirs_count;	// Directories count
-	u16_t	bg_pad1;
-	u32_t	bg_reserved[3];
-} ext2_group_desc_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u16_t	i_mode;			// File mode
-	u16_t	i_uid;			// Owner UID
-	u32_t	i_size;			// Size in bytes
-	u32_t	i_atime;		// Access time
-	u32_t	i_ctime;		// Creation time
-	u32_t	i_mtime;		// Modification time
-	u32_t	i_dtime;		// Deletion time
-	u16_t	i_gid;			// Group ID
-	u16_t	i_links_count;		// Links count
-	u32_t	i_blocks;		// Blocks count
-	u32_t	i_flags;		// File flags
-	u32_t	i_reserved1;
-	u32_t	i_block[15];		// Pointers to blocks (12 direct, single, double, triple indirect)
-	u32_t	i_version;		// File version (for NFS)
-	u32_t	i_file_acl;		// File ACL
-	u32_t	i_dir_acl;		// Directory ACL
-	u32_t	i_faddr;		// Fragment address
-	u8_t	i_frag;			// Fragment number
-	u8_t	i_fsize;		// Fragment size
-	u16_t	i_pad1;
-	u32_t	i_reserved2[2];
-} ext2_inode_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	inode;			// inode number
-	u16_t	length;			// directory entry length
-	u8_t	name_length;		// name length
-	u8_t	file_type;		// File type
-	char	name[EXT2_NAME_LEN];
-} ext2_dir_entry_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_inode_t	inode;
-	u32_t	block;
-	u32_t	*block_pointers;
-	u32_t	block_pointers_start;
-} ext2_open_inode_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	position;
-} ext2_open_dir_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	position;
-	u32_t	buffer_start;
-	u32_t	buffer_bytes;
-	u8_t	*buffer;
-} ext2__open_file_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	ext2_open_inode_t	*open_inode;
-	u32_t	block;
-} ext2__open_block_file_t;
-
-static inline u32_t	ext2_diskToFSBlock(u32_t block, ext2_super_block_t *super)
-{
-	// convert # of disk blocks to # of filesystem blocks
-	return block >> (super->s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-static inline u32_t	ext2_FSToDiskBlock(u32_t block, ext2_super_block_t *super)
-{
-	// convert # of filesystem blocks to # of disk blocks
-	return block << (super->s_log_block_size + 1);
-}
-
-
-int	ext2_init(int fsID);
-int	ext2_read_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat);
-int	ext2_write_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode, ext2_inode_t *dat);
-ext2_group_desc_t	ext2_get_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group);
-void	ext2_write_group_desc(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t group_num, ext2_group_desc_t *gd);
-ext2_open_inode_t *ext2_open_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_close_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode);
-int	ext2_read_inode_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, void *block);
-u32_t	ext2_block_number(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode);
-int	ext2_inode_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_inode_t *open_inode, u32_t block_number);
-
-int	ext2_inode_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_block_status(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_free_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-u32_t	ext2_alloc_block(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_free_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-u32_t	ext2_reserve_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t bitmap_size);
-int	ext2_free_node(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t bitmap_block_num, u32_t node_number);
-int	ext2_num_block_groups(ext2_super_block_t *super);
-void	ext2_write_super(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-int	ext2_resize_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, u32_t new_size);
-
-ext2_open_dir_t *ext2_open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-int	ext2_dir_read_entry(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir, ext2_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-int	ext2_close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, ext2_open_dir_t *open_dir);
-int	ext2_dir_lookup(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t dir_inode, char *fileName, ext2_dir_entry_t *direntry);
-
-
-void	*ext2_mount_super(major_t major, minor_t minor);
-int	ext2_umount_super(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2_stat(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_stat_t *stat);
-u32_t	ext2__get_root_dir_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__link_deref(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t link_inode, char *link);
-int	ext2__free_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__total_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__free_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	ext2__total_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-
-int	ext2__open_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-int	ext2__read_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-int	ext2__close_dir(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-
-int	ext2__open_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__read_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__close_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-int	ext2__open_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-int	ext2__read_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer);
-int	ext2__block_file_seek(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number);
-int	ext2__close_block_file(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs.cpp
@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-// sysfs.cpp
-// sysfs filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/27/05
-// Modified: 06/27/05
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "display/kout.h"
-}
-
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "sysfs.h"
-#include "sysfs_entry.h"
-
-int	sysfs_init()
-{
-	vfs_register("sysfs", sysfs__mount_func);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-FileSystem *sysfs__mount_func(device_t dev)
-{
-	if (dev)
-		kprintf("sysfs: warning: device parameter ignored\n");
-	return new Sysfs();
-}
-
-Sysfs::Sysfs()
-{
-	myEntries.add(Sysfs_Entry(SYSFS_FILE, "timer", SYSFS_TIMER));
-	
-}
-
-Sysfs::~Sysfs()
-{
-
-}
-
-u32_t	Sysfs::getRootInodeNumber()
-{
-	return 2;
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs.h
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-// sysfs.h
-// sysfs filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/27/05
-// Modified: 06/27/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_SYSFS_H__
-#define __HOS_SYSFS_H__ __HOS_SYSFS_H__
-
-#define SYSFS_TIMER	1
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-
-#include "fs/FileSystem.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "lang/vector.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-#include "sysfs_entry.h"
-
-int	sysfs_init();
-FileSystem *sysfs__mount_func(device_t dev);
-
-class Sysfs : public FileSystem
-{
-protected:
-	vector<Sysfs_Entry>	myEntries;
-
-public:
-	Sysfs();
-	~Sysfs();
-	u32_t	getRootInodeNumber();
-};
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.cpp
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// sysfs_entry.cpp
-// sysfs filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/27/05
-// Modified: 06/27/05
-
-#include "sysfs_entry.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-
-Sysfs_Entry::Sysfs_Entry(int type, string name, int id)
-{
-	myType = type;
-	myName = name;
-	myID = id;
-}
-
-Sysfs_Entry::~Sysfs_Entry()
-{
-}
-
--- a/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/sysfs/sysfs_entry.h
@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-// sysfs_entry.h
-// sysfs filesystem driver for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 06/27/05
-// Modified: 06/27/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_SYSFS_ENTRY_H__
-#define __HOS_SYSFS_ENTRY_H__ __HOS_SYSFS_ENTRY_H__
-
-#include "lang/vector.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-
-#define SYSFS_DIR	1
-#define SYSFS_FILE	2
-
-class Sysfs_Entry
-{
-protected:
-	int	myType;
-	string	myName;
-	int	myID;
-	vector<Sysfs_Entry> myChildren;
-
-public:
-	Sysfs_Entry(int type, string name, int id);
-	~Sysfs_Entry();
-};
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/vfs.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/vfs.cpp
@ -1,413 +0,0 @@
-// vfs.cpp
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/10/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-extern "C" {
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "display/kout.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-}
-
-#include "vfs.h"
-#include "fs/FileSystem.h"
-#include "fs/VFSMount.h"
-#include "fs/ext2/ext2.h"
-#include "lang/vector.h"
-#include "lang/string.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-
-
-/* Internal module function prototypes */
-FileSystem *vfs_attempt_mount(device_t device, char *fsType);
-mount_func_t vfs_get_mount_func(const string & fsName);
-inode_num_t vfs_get_inode(const string & path);
-inode_num_t vfs_get_dir_inode(const string & path);
-inode_num_t vfs_get_inode_rel(const string & path, inode_num_t start_dir);
-inode_num_t vfs_get_dir_entry_inode(inode_num_t dir, const string & fname);
-int	vfs_stat_inode(inode_num_t inum, vfs_stat_t *statptr);
-int	vfs_link_deref_inode(inode_num_t inum, char *link);
-VFSMount *vfs_get_mount(u32_t mt_id);
-vector<string> vfs_split_dirs(const string & path);
-OpenDirectory *vfs_open_directory_inode(inode_num_t inum, int mode);
-OpenFile *vfs_open_file_inode(inode_num_t inum, int mode);
-void	vfs_close_directory_real(OpenDirectory *o);
-void	vfs_close_file_real(OpenFile *o);
-inode_num_t vfs_get_real_inode(inode_num_t inum);
-
-/* Global module data members */
-vector<VFSMount *> *mountPoints;
-vector<FSHandle> *fses;
-
-u32_t	mount_id = 0;
-
-/* initialize the VFS module */
-int	vfs_init()
-{
-	mountPoints = new vector<VFSMount *>;
-	fses = new vector<FSHandle>;
-	ext2_init();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* register a filesystem driver to the VFS module */
-int	vfs_register(char *fs, mount_func_t mount_func)
-{
-	string fsName(fs);
-	if (vfs_get_mount_func(fsName))
-		return -1;
-	FSHandle fsh = {fsName, mount_func};
-	fses->add(fsh);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* mount a device with a filesystem to a mount point */
-int	vfs_mount(device_t device, char *fsType, char *mountPoint)
-{
-	string mountPt(mountPoint);
-	string fsName(fsType);
-	/* Bad filesystem type */
-	if (!vfs_get_mount_func(fsName))
-	{
-		kprintf("vfs_mount: %s: unrecognized filesystem\n", fsType);
-		return -501;
-	}
-	if (mountPt == "/")
-	{
-		if (mountPoints->size())
-		{
-			kprintf("/ must be the first filesystem mounted!\n");
-			return -1;
-		}
-		FileSystem *fs = vfs_attempt_mount(device, fsType);
-		/* Couldn't mount root */
-		if (fs == NULL)
-			return -2;
-		mountPoints->add(new VFSMount(device, fsName, fs, mountPt, 0, fs->getRootInodeNumber()));
-		mount_id++;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	inode_num_t mtInode = vfs_get_inode(mountPt);
-	/* Invalid mount point */
-	if (mtInode == 0)
-		return -3;
-	FileSystem *fs = vfs_attempt_mount(device, fsType);
-	/* Couldn't mount */
-	if (fs == NULL)
-		return -2;
-	inode_num_t thisInode = (((u64_t)(mount_id++)) << 32) | fs->getRootInodeNumber();
-	mountPoints->add(new VFSMount(device, fsName, fs, mountPt, mtInode, thisInode));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* get mount information about the mount point */
-int	vfs_get_mount_info(unsigned int mountNum, vfs_mount_info_t *infoptr)
-{
-	if (mountNum >= mountPoints->size())
-		return -1;
-	VFSMount *mt = (*mountPoints)[mountNum];
-	strcpy(infoptr->fs, mt->myFSType.data());
-	strcpy(infoptr->mountPoint, mt->myMountPoint.data());
-	infoptr->totalBlocks	= mt->myFS->totalBlocks();
-	infoptr->freeBlocks	= mt->myFS->freeBlocks();
-	infoptr->totalInodes	= mt->myFS->totalInodes();
-	infoptr->freeInodes	= mt->myFS->freeInodes();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* unmount a device */
-int	vfs_umount(device_t dev)
-{
-	unsigned int max = mountPoints->size();
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < max; i++)
-	{
-		if ((*mountPoints)[i]->myDev == dev)
-		{
-			if ((*mountPoints)[i]->umount_safe())
-				return -502;
-			delete (*mountPoints)[i];
-			mountPoints->remove(i);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return -501;
-}
-
-/* stat a filename */
-int	vfs_stat(char *name, vfs_stat_t *buff)
-{
-	string sname = string(name);
-	inode_num_t inum;
-	if ((inum = vfs_get_inode(sname)) == 0ULL)
-		return -502;
-	return vfs_stat_inode(inum, buff);
-}
-
-/* dereference a symbolic link */
-int	vfs_link_deref(char *name, char *buff)
-{
-	string sname = string(name);
-	inode_num_t inum;
-	if ((inum = vfs_get_inode(sname)) == 0ULL)
-		return -502;
-	return vfs_link_deref_inode(inum, buff);
-}
-
-void	*vfs_open_dir(char *name)
-{
-	string sname(name);
-	inode_num_t inum = vfs_get_inode(sname);
-	return (void *) vfs_open_directory_inode(inum, VFS_MODE_READ);
-}
-
-void	*vfs_open_file(char *name, int mode)
-{
-	string sname(name);
-	inode_num_t inum = vfs_get_inode(sname);
-	return (void *) vfs_open_file_inode(inum, mode);
-}
-
-void	vfs_close_dir(void *o)
-{
-	vfs_close_directory_real((OpenDirectory *) o);
-}
-
-void	vfs_close_file(void *o)
-{
-	vfs_close_file_real((OpenFile *) o);
-}
-
-int	vfs_read_dir(void *o, vfs_dir_entry_t *dirent)
-{
-	OpenDirectory *odir = (OpenDirectory *) o;
-	return odir->read(dirent);
-}
-
-int	vfs_seek_dir(void *o, int pos, int mode)
-{
-	OpenDirectory *odir = (OpenDirectory *) o;
-	return odir->seek(pos, mode);
-}
-
-int	vfs_read_file(void *o)
-{
-	OpenFile *ofile = (OpenFile *) o;
-	return ofile->read();
-}
-
-int	vfs_read_file_block(void *o, void *buf, u32_t num)
-{
-	OpenFile *ofile = (OpenFile *) o;
-	return ofile->read(buf, num);
-}
-
-int	vfs_write_file(void *o, int chr)
-{
-	OpenFile *ofile = (OpenFile *) o;
-	return ofile->write(chr);
-}
-
-int	vfs_write_file_block(void *o, void *buf, u32_t num)
-{
-	OpenFile *ofile = (OpenFile *) o;
-	return ofile->write(buf, num);
-}
-
-int	vfs_seek_file(void *o, int pos, int mode)
-{
-	OpenFile *ofile = (OpenFile *) o;
-	return ofile->seek(pos, mode);
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-/**************************** Internal functions ****************************/
-/* "attempt" a mount */
-FileSystem *vfs_attempt_mount(device_t device, char *fsType)
-{
-	mount_func_t mount_func;
-	if (( mount_func = vfs_get_mount_func(string(fsType)) ))
-		return mount_func(device);
-	else
-		return NULL;
-}
-
-/* Trace a file name to make an inode */
-inode_num_t vfs_get_inode(const string & path)
-{
-	return vfs_get_inode_rel(path, 0ULL);
-}
-
-/* Just get the inode of the directory containing the file */
-inode_num_t vfs_get_dir_inode(const string & path)
-{
-	vector<string> paths = vfs_split_dirs(path);
-	string dirPath("");
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < paths.size()-1; i++)
-	{
-		dirPath += "/";
-		dirPath += paths[i];
-	}
-	return vfs_get_inode_rel(dirPath, 0ULL);
-}
-
-/* Trace file name to inode starting from this directory (recursive) */
-inode_num_t vfs_get_inode_rel(const string & path, inode_num_t start_dir)
-{
-	vector<string> paths = vfs_split_dirs(path);
-	unsigned int paths_size = paths.size();
-	inode_num_t currentInum = start_dir;
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < paths_size; i++)
-	{
-		currentInum = vfs_get_dir_entry_inode(currentInum, paths[i]);
-		if (currentInum == 0ULL)
-			return 0ULL;
-		currentInum = vfs_get_real_inode(currentInum);
-	}
-	return currentInum;
-}
-
-/* return the inode of a directory entry in the directory pointed to by dir */
-inode_num_t vfs_get_dir_entry_inode(inode_num_t dir, const string & fname)
-{
-	OpenDirectory *odir = vfs_open_directory_inode(dir, VFS_MODE_READ);
-	if (odir == NULL)
-		return 0ULL;
-	vfs_dir_entry_t dir_ent;
-	inode_num_t inum = 0ULL;
-	while (vfs_read_dir(odir, &dir_ent) == 0)
-	{
-		if (strcmp(dir_ent.name, fname.data()) == 0)
-		{
-			inum = (dir & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000ULL) | dir_ent.inum;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	vfs_close_directory_real(odir);
-	return inum;
-}
-
-/* Just split up a string into a vector of strings based on the path
- * delimeter character ('/').
- */
-vector<string> vfs_split_dirs(const string & path)
-{
-	char *sptr = new char[path.size() + 1];
-	strcpy(sptr, path.data());
-	char *bptr = sptr;
-	char *cptr = sptr;
-	vector<string> parts;
-	while (*cptr)
-	{
-		if (*cptr == '/')
-		{
-			*cptr = 0;
-			string dir(bptr);
-			if (dir.size() > 0)
-				parts.add(dir);
-			bptr = cptr + 1;
-		}
-		cptr++;
-	}
-	string dir(bptr);
-	if (dir.size() > 0)
-		parts.add(dir);
-	delete sptr;
-	return parts;
-}
-
-/* Return a pointer to the mount function for a certain file system type */
-mount_func_t vfs_get_mount_func(const string & fsName)
-{
-	unsigned int max = fses->size();
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < max; i++)
-	{
-		if (fsName == (*fses)[i].name)
-			return (*fses)[i].mount_func;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/* Return a pointer to a VFSMount by the "mount id" (upper 32 bits of inode) */
-VFSMount *vfs_get_mount(u32_t mt_id)
-{
-	int max = mountPoints->size();
-	for (int i = 0; i < max; i++)
-	{
-		if (((*mountPoints)[i]->myThisInode >> 32) == mt_id)
-			return (*mountPoints)[i];
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/* FS function: stat a inode, return error code */
-int	vfs_stat_inode(inode_num_t inum, vfs_stat_t *statptr)
-{
-	inum = vfs_get_real_inode(inum);
-	VFSMount *mt = vfs_get_mount(inum >> 32);
-	if (mt == NULL)
-		return -501;
-	return mt->myFS->stat((u32_t)inum, statptr);
-}
-
-/* FS function: dereference a link by inode number, return error code */
-int	vfs_link_deref_inode(inode_num_t inum, char *link)
-{
-	inum = vfs_get_real_inode(inum);
-	VFSMount *mt = vfs_get_mount(inum >> 32);
-	if (mt == NULL)
-		return -501;
-	return mt->myFS->link_deref((u32_t)inum, link);
-}
-
-/* FS function: open a directory based on the inode number */
-OpenDirectory *vfs_open_directory_inode(inode_num_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	inum = vfs_get_real_inode(inum);
-	VFSMount *mt = vfs_get_mount(inum >> 32);
-	if (mt == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-	return mt->myFS->openDirectory((u32_t)inum, mode);
-}
-
-/* FS function: open a file based on the inode number */
-OpenFile *vfs_open_file_inode(inode_num_t inum, int mode)
-{
-	inum = vfs_get_real_inode(inum);
-	VFSMount *mt = vfs_get_mount(inum >> 32);
-	if (mt == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-	return mt->myFS->openFile((u32_t)inum, mode);
-}
-
-/* FS function: close a directory */
-void	vfs_close_directory_real(OpenDirectory *o)
-{
-	delete o;
-}
-
-/* FS function: close a file */
-void	vfs_close_file_real(OpenFile *o)
-{
-	delete o;
-}
-
-/* return the "real" inode number based on the given one
- * This function enables inode numbers for directories that have something
- * mounted in them to be converted to the inode number for the root directory
- * of that mounted filesystem
- */
-inode_num_t vfs_get_real_inode(inode_num_t inum)
-{
-	unsigned int mounts = mountPoints->size();
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mounts; i++)
-	{
-		if ((*mountPoints)[i]->myMountInode == inum)
-			return (*mountPoints)[i]->myThisInode;
-	}
-	return inum;
-}
--- a/kernel/fs/vfs.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/vfs.h
@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
-// vfs.h
-// Virtual file system subsystem for HOS
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 05/10/05
-// Modified: 12/26/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_VFS_H__
-#define __HOS_VFS_H__ __HOS_VFS_H__
-
-#define VFS_FT_UNKNOWN		0
-#define VFS_FT_FILE		1
-#define VFS_FT_DIR		2
-#define VFS_FT_CHAR		3
-#define VFS_FT_BLOCK		4
-#define VFS_FT_FIFO		5
-#define VFS_FT_SOCK		6
-#define VFS_FT_SYMLINK		7
-
-#define VFS_PERMS_OX		0x0001
-#define VFS_PERMS_OW		0x0002
-#define VFS_PERMS_OR		0x0004
-#define VFS_PERMS_GX		0x0008
-#define VFS_PERMS_GW		0x0010
-#define VFS_PERMS_GR		0x0020
-#define VFS_PERMS_UX		0x0040
-#define VFS_PERMS_UW		0x0080
-#define VFS_PERMS_UR		0x0100
-#define VFS_PERMS_STICKY	0x0200
-#define VFS_PERMS_SGID		0x0400
-#define VFS_PERMS_SUID		0x0800
-
-#define EOF			-256
-
-#define VFS_MAX_FILENAME	255
-#define VFS_MAX_PATH_LENGTH	1024
-
-#define SEEK_ABSOLUTE	0
-#define SEEK_RELATIVE	1
-#define SEEK_END	2
-
-#define VFS_MODE_RW_MASK	0x1
-#define VFS_MODE_READ		0x0
-#define VFS_MODE_WRITE		0x1
-#define VFS_MODE_WRITE_MASK	0x2
-#define VFS_MODE_TRUNCATE	0x0
-#define VFS_MODE_APPEND		0x2
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u16_t	type;			// file type, of VFS_FT_*
-	u32_t	size;
-	u32_t	inode;
-	u16_t	permissions;
-	u16_t	uid;
-	u16_t	gid;
-	u32_t	atime;
-	u32_t	mtime;
-	u32_t	ctime;
-	u16_t	links;
-	u32_t	dev;
-} vfs_stat_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	char	name[VFS_MAX_FILENAME + 1];
-	u32_t	inum;
-} vfs_dir_entry_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	char	fs[16];
-	char	mountPoint[256];
-	u32_t	totalBlocks;
-	u32_t	freeBlocks;
-	u32_t	totalInodes;
-	u32_t	freeInodes;
-} vfs_mount_info_t;
-
-typedef	u64_t inode_num_t;
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-int	vfs_init();
-int	vfs_mount(device_t device, char *fsType, char *mountPoint);
-int	vfs_umount(device_t dev);
-int	vfs_stat(char *name, vfs_stat_t *buff);
-int	vfs_link_deref(char *name, char *buff);
-int	vfs_get_mount_info(unsigned int mountNum, vfs_mount_info_t *infoptr);
-void	*vfs_open_dir(char *name);
-void	*vfs_open_file(char *name, int mode);
-void	vfs_close_dir(void *o);
-void	vfs_close_file(void *o);
-int	vfs_read_dir(void *o, vfs_dir_entry_t *dirent);
-int	vfs_seek_dir(void *o, int pos, int mode);
-int	vfs_read_file(void *o);
-int	vfs_read_file_block(void *o, void *buf, u32_t num);
-int	vfs_write_file(void *o, int chr);
-int	vfs_write_file_block(void *o, void *buf, u32_t num);
-int	vfs_seek_file(void *o, int pos, int mode);
-
-
-#ifdef _HOS_CPP_
-}
-
-#include "lang/string.h"
-#include "lang/vector.h"
-#include "fs/FileSystem.h"
-#include "fs/VFSMount.h"
-
-typedef FileSystem *(*mount_func_t)(device_t);
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	string name;
-	mount_func_t	mount_func;
-} FSHandle;
-
-int	vfs_register(char *fs, mount_func_t mount_func);
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/fs/vfs_old.cpp
+++ b/kernel/fs/vfs_old.cpp
@ -1,432 +0,0 @@
-// vfs.cpp
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/22/04
-// Modified: 12/21/04
-
-#define _HOS_CPP_ _HOS_CPP_
-
-extern "C"
-{
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "display/kout.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "fs/ext2.h"
-#include "kernel.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-}
-
-
-vfs_fs_t *fses[VFS_MAX_FS];			// a vfs_fs structure for every filesystem we support
-vfs_mount_t *mounts;
-
-// basic initialization routine, init all filesystem drivers
-int	vfs_init()
-{
-	k_check(ext2_init(FS_EXT2), "ext2_init() failed!");
-	FileSystem fs;
-	FileSystem *ext2 = new Ext2();
-	FileSystem *jfs = new JoshsFS();
-	fs.out();
-	ext2->out();
-	jfs->out();
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-// called by a filesystem driver to let us know that it is ready to handle fs requests
-int	vfs_register_fs(int fsn, vfs_fs_t *fs)
-{
-	if (fsn < 0 || fsn >= VFS_MAX_FS || fses[fsn])
-	{
-		kprintf("Invalid filesystem register: %d\n", fsn);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	fses[fsn] = fs;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-// called to mount a block device with a certain filesystem to a part of our VFS Mount Tree
-int	vfs_mount(major_t maj, minor_t min, int fsType, char *mountPoint)
-{
-	if (fsType < 0 || fsType >= VFS_MAX_FS || !fses[fsType])
-		return -1;				// invalid filesystem type
-	if (!strcmp("/", mountPoint))
-	{
-		if (mounts)
-			return -2;			// root already mounted
-		void *super = fses[fsType]->mount_super(maj, min);
-		if (!super)
-			return -3;			// didn't mount superblock
-		vfs_mount_t *mnt = (vfs_mount_t *) New(vfs_mount_t);
-		mnt->refs = 0;
-		mnt->fs = fsType;
-		mnt->major = maj;
-		mnt->minor = min;
-		mnt->super = super;
-		mnt->next = NULL;
-		mnt->prev = NULL;
-		mnt->mountPoint = (char *) kmalloc(2);
-		strcpy(mnt->mountPoint, mountPoint);
-		mnt->vfs_mount_inode = 0;		// root not mounted on another fs
-		mnt->vfs_root_inode = ((vfs_inode_t)maj << 40) | ((vfs_inode_t)min << 32) | fses[fsType]->get_root_inode(mnt);
-		mnt->vfs_up_inode = mnt->vfs_root_inode;
-		mounts = mnt;
-		return 0;				// successfully mounted root
-	}
-	if (mountPoint[0] != '/')
-		return -3;				// mount point must be absolute
-	if (!mounts)
-		return -4;				// no root dir yet
-	vfs_stat_t stat;
-	if (vfs_stat(mountPoint, &stat))
-		return -5;				// error statting
-	if (stat.type != VFS_FT_DIR)
-		return -6;				// mountPoint not a directory
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(mountPoint);
-	vfs_inode_t updir = vfs_entry_lookup(vfs_inode, "..");
-	if (!updir || (updir & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		return -7;
-	void *super = fses[fsType]->mount_super(maj, min);
-	if (!super)
-		return -3;				// didn't mount superblock
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = (vfs_mount_t *) New(vfs_mount_t);
-	mnt->refs = 0;
-	mnt->super = super;
-	mnt->fs = fsType;
-	mnt->major = maj;
-	mnt->minor = min;
-	mnt->mountPoint = (char *) kmalloc(strlen(mountPoint) + 1);
-	strcpy(mnt->mountPoint, mountPoint);
-	mnt->vfs_mount_inode = vfs_inode;
-	mnt->vfs_up_inode = updir;
-	mnt->vfs_root_inode = ((vfs_inode_t)maj << 40) | ((vfs_inode_t)min << 32) | fses[fsType]->get_root_inode(mnt);
-	vfs_mount_t *mount = mounts;
-	while (mount->next)
-		mount = mount->next;
-	mount->next = mnt;				// add mnt to end of mounts list
-	mnt->prev = mount;
-	mnt->next = NULL;
-	vfs_get_file_addr(updir).mount->refs++;
-	return -256;
-}
-
-int	vfs_umount(char *mountPoint)
-{
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(mountPoint);
-	if (!vfs_inode || (vfs_inode & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		return -1;				// invalid
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = mounts;
-	while (mnt)
-	{
-		if (mnt->vfs_root_inode == vfs_inode)	// found mount point to unmount
-		{
-			if (mnt->refs)
-				return -2;		// open references to mount point;
-			if (mnt->prev)
-				mnt->prev->next = mnt->next;
-			if (mnt->next)
-				mnt->next->prev = mnt->prev;
-			if (mnt == mounts)
-				mounts = NULL;
-			kfree(mnt->mountPoint);
-			kfree(mnt);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return -3;					// invalid mount point
-}
-
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_get_inode_number(char *path)
-{
-	if (path[0] != '/')
-		return 0;
-	if (!mounts)
-		return 0;
-	return vfs_get_inode_number_rel(mounts->vfs_root_inode, path + 1);
-}
-
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_get_inode_number_rel(vfs_inode_t dir_inode, char *path)
-{
-	char *path_copy = (char *) kmalloc(strlen(path) + 1);
-	strcpy(path_copy, path);
-	int stanzas = str_split(path_copy, '/');
-	char *lookup = path_copy;
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = dir_inode;
-	for (; stanzas > 0; stanzas--)
-	{
-		vfs_inode_t vfs_inode_this_dir = vfs_inode;
-		vfs_inode = (strcmp("", lookup) ? vfs_entry_lookup(vfs_inode, lookup) : vfs_inode_this_dir);
-		vfs_stat_t stat;
-		if (vfs_stat_inode(vfs_inode, &stat))
-			return 0x8000000000000002ULL;
-		if (stat.type == VFS_FT_SYMLINK)
-		{
-			char *link = (char *) kmalloc(4096);
-			vfs_link_deref(vfs_inode, link);
-			if (link[0] == '/')
-				vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(link);
-			else
-				vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number_rel(vfs_inode_this_dir, link);
-			kfree(link);
-		}
-		if (!vfs_inode || (vfs_inode & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		{
-			kfree(path_copy);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		lookup = str_advance(lookup);
-	}
-	kfree(path_copy);
-	return vfs_inode;
-}
-
-// look for entry in dir_inode, return the vfs_inode for the entry
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_entry_lookup(vfs_inode_t dir_inode, char *entry)
-{
-	vfs_open_file_t *open_dir = vfs_open_dir_inode(dir_inode);
-	if (!open_dir)
-		return 0x8000000000000001ULL;
-	vfs_dir_entry_t dentry;
-	while (!vfs_read_dir(open_dir, &dentry))
-	{
-		if (!strcmp(dentry.name, entry))
-		{
-			vfs_close_dir(open_dir);
-			return vfs_real_inode((dir_inode & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000ULL) | dentry.inode_number);
-		}
-	}
-	vfs_close_dir(open_dir);
-	return 0x8000000000000002ULL;
-}
-
-// return the "real" vfs inode number (inode of the root of
-//  a mounted filesystem instead of the inode of the folder
-//  that the filesystem is mounted to)
-vfs_inode_t vfs_real_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode)
-{
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = mounts;
-	while (mnt)
-	{
-		if (mnt->vfs_mount_inode == vfs_inode)
-			return mnt->vfs_root_inode;
-		mnt = mnt->next;
-	}
-	return vfs_inode;
-}
-
-// translage a vfs inode number into a mount pointer and relative
-//  inode for a mounted filesystem
-vfs_file_addr_t vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode)
-{
-	vfs_inode = vfs_real_inode(vfs_inode);
-	vfs_file_addr_t addr = {mounts, vfs_inode & 0xFFFFFFFF};
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = mounts;
-	while (mnt)
-	{
-		if ( (mnt->vfs_root_inode & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000ULL) == (vfs_inode & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000ULL) )
-		{
-			addr.mount = mnt;
-			return addr;
-		}
-		mnt = mnt->next;
-	}
-	return addr;
-}
-
-int	vfs_mount_count()
-{
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = mounts;
-	int count = 0;
-	while (mnt)
-	{
-		count++;
-		mnt = mnt->next;
-	}
-	return count;
-}
-
-vfs_mount_t *vfs_get_mount(int index)
-{
-	vfs_mount_t *mnt = mounts;
-	while (mnt && index)
-	{
-		mnt = mnt->next;
-		index--;
-	}
-	if (!index)
-		return mnt;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int	vfs_free_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->free_inodes)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->free_inodes(mount);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	vfs_total_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->total_inodes)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->total_inodes(mount);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	vfs_free_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->free_blocks)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->free_blocks(mount);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	vfs_total_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->total_blocks)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->total_blocks(mount);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_alloc_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->alloc_inode)
-	{
-		u32_t fs_inode = fses[mount->fs]->alloc_inode(mount);
-		if (!fs_inode)
-			return 0;
-		return (mount->vfs_root_inode & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000ULL) | fs_inode;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	vfs_free_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->free_inode)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->free_inode(mount, inode_number);
-	return -256;
-}
-
-u32_t	vfs_alloc_block(vfs_mount_t *mount)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->alloc_block)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->alloc_block(mount);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	vfs_free_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	if (fses[mount->fs]->free_block)
-		return fses[mount->fs]->free_block(mount, block_number);
-	return -256;
-}
-
-int	vfs_link_deref(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode, char *link)
-{
-	vfs_stat_t stat;
-	if (vfs_stat_inode(vfs_inode, &stat))
-		return -1;
-	if (stat.type != VFS_FT_SYMLINK)
-		return -2;
-	vfs_file_addr_t addr = vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode);
-	if (fses[addr.mount->fs]->link_deref)
-		return fses[addr.mount->fs]->link_deref(addr.mount, addr.inode, link);
-	return -3;
-}
-
-// stat a file, fills a vfs_stat_t structure with stat information and returns standard status
-int	vfs_stat(char *file, vfs_stat_t *stat)
-{
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(file);
-	if (!vfs_inode || (vfs_inode & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		return -256;
-	return vfs_stat_inode(vfs_inode, stat);
-}
-
-int	vfs_stat_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode, vfs_stat_t *stat)
-{
-	vfs_file_addr_t addr = vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode);
-	if (fses[addr.mount->fs]->stat)
-		return fses[addr.mount->fs]->stat(addr.mount, addr.inode, stat);
-	return -257;
-}
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_dir(char *path)
-{
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(path);
-	if (!vfs_inode || (vfs_inode & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		return NULL;
-	return vfs_open_dir_inode(vfs_inode);
-}
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_dir_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode)
-{
-	vfs_file_addr_t addr = vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode);
-	vfs_open_file_t *open_dir = (vfs_open_file_t *) New(vfs_open_file_t);
-	if (fses[addr.mount->fs]->open_dir && !(fses[addr.mount->fs]->open_dir(addr.mount, addr.inode, open_dir)))
-	{
-		open_dir->mount = addr.mount;
-		return open_dir;
-	}
-	kfree(open_dir);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int	vfs_read_dir(vfs_open_file_t *open_dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry)
-{
-	return !(fses[open_dir->mount->fs]->read_dir &&
-		!(fses[open_dir->mount->fs]->read_dir(open_dir->mount, open_dir, dentry)));
-}
-
-int	vfs_close_dir(vfs_open_file_t *open_dir)
-{
-	int status = 0;
-	if (fses[open_dir->mount->fs]->close_dir)
-		status = fses[open_dir->mount->fs]->close_dir(open_dir->mount, open_dir);
-	kfree(open_dir);
-	return status;
-}
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_block_file(char *path)
-{
-	vfs_inode_t vfs_inode = vfs_get_inode_number(path);
-	if (!vfs_inode || (vfs_inode & 0x8000000000000000ULL))
-		return NULL;
-	return vfs_open_block_file_inode(vfs_inode);
-}
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_block_file_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode)
-{
-	vfs_file_addr_t addr = vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode);
-	vfs_open_file_t *open_file = (vfs_open_file_t *) New(vfs_open_file_t);
-	if (fses[addr.mount->fs]->open_block_file && !(fses[addr.mount->fs]->open_block_file(addr.mount, addr.inode, open_file)))
-	{
-		open_file->mount = addr.mount;
-		return open_file;
-	}
-	kfree(open_file);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int	vfs_read_block_file(vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer)
-{
-	if (fses[open_file->mount->fs]->read_block_file)
-		return fses[open_file->mount->fs]->read_block_file(open_file->mount, open_file, buffer);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int	vfs_block_file_seek(vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number)
-{
-	if (fses[open_file->mount->fs]->block_file_seek)
-		return fses[open_file->mount->fs]->block_file_seek(open_file->mount, open_file, block_number);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int	vfs_close_block_file(vfs_open_file_t *open_file)
-{
-	int status = 0;
-	if (fses[open_file->mount->fs]->close_block_file)
-		status = fses[open_file->mount->fs]->close_block_file(open_file->mount, open_file);
-	kfree(open_file);
-	return status;
-}
-
--- a/kernel/fs/vfs_old.h
+++ b/kernel/fs/vfs_old.h
@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
-// vfs.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/22/04
-// Modified: 12/21/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_VFS_H__
-#define __HOS_VFS_H__ __HOS_VFS_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "fs/devices.h"
-
-#define FS_EXT2 1
-#define VFS_MAX_FS 10
-
-#define VFS_FT_UNKNOWN	0
-#define VFS_FT_FILE	1
-#define VFS_FT_DIR	2
-#define VFS_FT_CHAR	3
-#define VFS_FT_BLOCK	4
-#define VFS_FT_FIFO	5
-#define VFS_FT_SOCK	6
-#define VFS_FT_SYMLINK	7
-
-#define VFS_PERMS_OX		0x0001
-#define VFS_PERMS_OW		0x0002
-#define VFS_PERMS_OR		0x0004
-#define VFS_PERMS_GX		0x0008
-#define VFS_PERMS_GW		0x0010
-#define VFS_PERMS_GR		0x0020
-#define VFS_PERMS_UX		0x0040
-#define VFS_PERMS_UW		0x0080
-#define VFS_PERMS_UR		0x0100
-#define VFS_PERMS_STICKY	0x0200
-#define VFS_PERMS_SGID		0x0400
-#define VFS_PERMS_SUID		0x0800
-
-#define EOF 1000000
-
-typedef u64_t vfs_inode_t;
-
-/* Structure to hold information about a mount point */
-typedef struct vfs_mount_s
-{
-	int			refs;
-	void			*super;
-	int			fs;
-	major_t 		major;
-	minor_t 		minor;
-	char			*mountPoint;
-	vfs_inode_t		vfs_mount_inode;
-	vfs_inode_t		vfs_up_inode;
-	vfs_inode_t		vfs_root_inode;
-	struct vfs_mount_s	*next;
-	struct vfs_mount_s	*prev;
-} vfs_mount_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u16_t	type;			// file type, of VFS_FILE_TYPE_*
-	u32_t	size;
-	u32_t	inode;
-	u16_t	permissions;
-	u16_t	uid;
-	u16_t	gid;
-	u32_t	atime;
-	u32_t	mtime;
-	u32_t	ctime;
-	u16_t	links;
-	u32_t	dev;
-} vfs_stat_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	vfs_mount_t *mount;
-	void *fs_data;
-} vfs_open_file_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	char	name[257];
-	u32_t	inode_number;		// relative inode number returned from fs
-} vfs_dir_entry_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	vfs_mount_t *mount;
-	u32_t inode;
-} vfs_file_addr_t;
-
-/* Every filesystem must provide pointers to its respective functions in a structure like this */
-typedef struct
-{
-	void	*(*mount_super)(major_t major, minor_t minor);
-	int	(*umount_super)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*stat)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_stat_t *stat);
-	u32_t	(*get_root_inode)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*link_deref)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, char *link);
-	int	(*free_inodes)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*total_inodes)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*free_blocks)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*total_blocks)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-	u32_t	(*alloc_inode)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*free_inode)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-	u32_t	(*alloc_block)(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-	int	(*free_block)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-	int	(*open_dir)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-	int	(*read_dir)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-	int	(*close_dir)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *dir);
-
-	int	(*open_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-	int	(*read_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-	int	(*close_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-	int	(*open_block_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-	int	(*read_block_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer);
-	int	(*block_file_seek)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number);
-	int	(*close_block_file)(vfs_mount_t *mount, vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-} vfs_fs_t;
-
-
-int	vfs_init();
-int	vfs_mount(major_t maj, minor_t min, int fsType, char *mountPoint);
-int	vfs_umount(char *mountPoint);
-int	vfs_register_fs(int fsn, vfs_fs_t *fs);
-int	vfs_umount(char *mountPoint);
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_get_inode_number(char *path);
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_get_inode_number_rel(vfs_inode_t dir_inode, char *path);
-vfs_inode_t vfs_real_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode);
-vfs_file_addr_t vfs_get_file_addr(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode);
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_entry_lookup(vfs_inode_t dir_inode, char *entry);
-
-int	vfs_mount_count();
-vfs_mount_t *vfs_get_mount(int index);
-int	vfs_free_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	vfs_total_inodes(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	vfs_free_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	vfs_total_blocks(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-
-vfs_inode_t	vfs_alloc_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	vfs_free_inode(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t inode_number);
-u32_t	vfs_alloc_block(vfs_mount_t *mount);
-int	vfs_free_block(vfs_mount_t *mount, u32_t block_number);
-
-
-int	vfs_link_deref(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode, char *link);
-
-int	vfs_stat(char *file, vfs_stat_t *stat);
-int	vfs_stat_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode, vfs_stat_t *stat);
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_dir(char *path);
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_dir_inode(vfs_inode_t inode);
-int	vfs_read_dir(vfs_open_file_t *open_dir, vfs_dir_entry_t *dentry);
-int	vfs_close_dir(vfs_open_file_t *open_dir);
-
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_block_file(char *file);
-vfs_open_file_t *vfs_open_block_file_inode(vfs_inode_t vfs_inode);
-int	vfs_read_block_file(vfs_open_file_t *open_file, void *buffer);
-int	vfs_block_file_seek(vfs_open_file_t *open_file, u32_t block_number);
-int	vfs_close_block_file(vfs_open_file_t *open_file);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/functions.h
+++ b/kernel/functions.h
@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-//functions.h
-//05/07/03 Josh Holtrop
-//for HOS
-//Modified: 02/26/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_FUNCTIONS__
-#define __HOS_FUNCTIONS__ __HOS_FUNCTIONS__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "sys/io.h"
-
-extern u32_t _code;
-extern u32_t _bss;
-extern u32_t _end;
-
-//Enables (SeTs) Interrupt Flag on the processor
-static inline void enable_ints()
-{
-	asm("sti");
-}
-
-//Disables (CLears) Interrupt Flag on the processor
-static inline void disable_ints()
-{
-	asm("cli");
-}
-
-//Restarts the computer
-static inline void restart()
-{
- 	enable_ints();
- 	byte temp;
-	do
-	{
-		temp = inportb(0x64);
-		if (temp & 1)
-		inportb(0x60);
-	} while(temp & 2);
-
-
-	outportb (0x64, 0xfe);
-	for (;;) {}
-}
-
-//Halts (freezes) the computer
-static inline void halt()
-{
- 	asm("cli");
- 	asm("hlt");
- 	while (1) ;
-}
-
-//Initializes 8253 Programmable Interrupt Timer
-static inline void timer_init(u32_t freq)
-{
-	u32_t	wait = 1193180 / freq;	//how many ticks the PIT must wait before issuing an interrupt
-	outportb(0x43, 0x34);
-	outportb(0x40, wait); //lsb
-	outportb(0x40, wait >> 8); //msb
-}
-
-//Returns the size of the kernel (code & data & bss)
-// - this should be 4kb aligned per the linker script
-// - this is the amount of RAM the kernel code, data, & bss take
-static inline u32_t kernel_size_used()
-{
-	return (u32_t)(&_end)-(u32_t)(&_code);
-}
-
-//Returns the size of the kernel (code & data)
-// - this does not include the bss section
-// - this should be 4kb aligned per the linker script
-// - this should be the size of kernel.bin
-static inline u32_t kernel_size()
-{
-	return (u32_t)(&_bss)-(u32_t)(&_code);
-}
-
-//converts a binary-coded-decimal byte to its decimal equivalent
-static inline byte bcd2byte(byte bcd)
-{
- 	return (10 * ((bcd & 0xF0) >> 4)) + (bcd & 0x0F);
-}
-
-//converts a binary-coded-decimal byte to its decimal equivalent
-static inline byte byte2bcd(byte bite)
-{
-	return ((bite / 10) << 4) | (bite % 10);
-}
-
-// get the maximum of two values
-static inline u32_t max(u32_t v1, u32_t v2)
-{
-	return ( (v2 > v1) ? v2 : v1 );
-}
-
-// get the minimum of two values
-static inline u32_t min(u32_t v1, u32_t v2)
-{
-	return ( (v2 > v1) ? v1 : v2 );
-}
-
-#endif
-
-
--- a/kernel/gdt.inc
+++ b/kernel/gdt.inc
@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-;gdt.inc
-;Author: Josh Holtrop
-;Date: 10/30/03
-;Modified: 03/02/04
-
-gdtr:
-	dw	gdt_end-gdt-1
-	dd	GDT_V
-gdt:			; 0
-	dd	0
-	dd	0
-
-KERNEL_CODE equ $-gdt	; 8
-	dw	0xffff	;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000	;base  15:0
-	db	0x00	;base  23:16
-	db	0x9A	;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0xCF	;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00	;base  31:24
-
-KERNEL_DATA equ $-gdt	; 16
-	dw	0xffff	;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000	;base  15:0
-	db	0x00	;base  23:16
-	db	0x92	;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0xCF	;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00	;base  31:24
-
-
-USER_CODE equ $-gdt	; 24
-	dw	0xffff	;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000	;base  15:0
-	db	0x00	;base  23:16
-	db	0xFA	;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0xCF	;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00	;base  31:24
-
-USER_DATA equ $-gdt	; 32
-	dw	0xffff	;limit 15:0
-	dw	0x0000	;base  15:0
-	db	0x00	;base  23:16
-	db	0xF2	;access ([P][DPL][1][Executable][Direction/Conforming][Writable/Readable][A])
-	db	0xCF	;flags ([G][D/B][0][0]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0x00	;base  31:24
-
-TSS0_SEG equ $-gdt	; 40
-	dw	0x67	;limit 15:0
-	dw	0	;base  15:0
-	db	0	;base  23:16
-	db	0xE9	;access ([P][DPL][0][1][0][Busy][1])
-	db	0x00	;flags ([G][0][0][AVL]) / limit 19:16
-	db	0	;base  31:24
-
-gdt_end:
-
-
-
--- a/kernel/hos_defines.h
+++ b/kernel/hos_defines.h
@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// hos_defines.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/15/04
-// Modified: 08/16/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_DEFINES_H__
-#define __HOS_DEFINES_H__ __HOS_DEFINES_H__
-
-#define PARALLEL_DEBUG
-
-#define HOS_TIMER_FREQ	1000
-#define KERNEL_MSG_CONSOLE 11
-
-#define VIRT_OFFSET	0xC0000000
-#define PHYS_LOAD	0x00108000
-#define PDBR		0x00104000
-#define VIRT_STACK_TOP	0xD0000000
-#define HEAP_START	0xD0000000
-#define HEAP_LENGTH	0x20000000
-
-#define CONSOLE_MEMORY	0xC00B8000
-#define BIOS_CHAR_MAP	0xC00FFA6E
-#define LFB_MEMORY	0xF0000000
-
-#define SEG_KERNEL_CODE	8
-#define SEG_KERNEL_DATA	16
-#define SEG_USER_CODE	24
-#define SEG_USER_DATA	32
-#define SEG_TSS0	40
-
-#define MAX_MODULES	16
-#define MAX_MMAP	16
-
-#define NULL		0
-
-#define HOS_INIT_TASK	"/bin/init"
-
-#define New(x) kcalloc(1, sizeof(x))
-
-typedef unsigned long long	u64_t;
-typedef unsigned int		u32_t;
-typedef unsigned short		u16_t;
-typedef unsigned char		u8_t;
-typedef unsigned char		byte;
-typedef	int			lock_t;
-
-extern u32_t _end;
-extern u32_t _bss;
-extern u32_t start;
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/idt.inc
+++ b/kernel/idt.inc
@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-;idt.inc
-;Author: Josh Holtrop
-;Date: 10/30/03
-;Modified: 01/02/06
-
-idtr:
-	dw	50*8-1		;size of idt
-	dd	IDT_V		;address of idt
-
-
-%macro isr_label 1
-isr_%1:
-	push	eax
-	mov	eax, %1
-	jmp	isr_main
-%endmacro
-
-isr_label	0
-isr_label	1
-isr_label	2
-isr_label	3
-isr_label	4
-isr_label	5
-isr_label	6
-isr_label	7
-isr_label	8
-isr_label	9
-isr_label	10
-isr_label	11
-isr_label	12
-isr_label	13
-isr_label	14
-isr_label	15
-isr_label	16
-isr_label	17
-isr_label	18
-isr_label	19
-isr_label	20
-isr_label	21
-isr_label	22
-isr_label	23
-isr_label	24
-isr_label	25
-isr_label	26
-isr_label	27
-isr_label	28
-isr_label	29
-isr_label	30
-isr_label	31
-isr_label	32
-isr_label	33
-isr_label	34
-isr_label	35
-isr_label	36
-isr_label	37
-isr_label	38
-isr_label	39
-isr_label	40
-isr_label	41
-isr_label	42
-isr_label	43
-isr_label	44
-isr_label	45
-isr_label	46
-isr_label	47
-isr_label	48
-isr_label	49
-
-isr_main:
-	; ok, here, we need to duplicate the top item on the stack
-	; (the old eax) if the interrupt number is not 8 or 10-14
-	; this is to properly align the stack for both exceptions
-	; having and not having error codes
-	cmp	eax, 8
-	jz	isr_main_nodup		; if int=8, no dup
-	cmp	eax, 10
-	jb	isr_main_dup		; if int<10, dup
-	cmp	eax, 14
-	jbe	isr_main_nodup		; if int<=14, no dup
-isr_main_dup:				; else dup
-	sub	esp, 4
-	push	eax
-	mov	eax, [esp+8]
-	mov	[esp+4], eax
-	pop	eax
-isr_main_nodup:
-	push	ebx
-	push	ecx
-	push	edx
-	push	edi
-	push	esi
-	push	ebp
-	push	ds
-	push	es
-	push	fs
-	push	gs
-
-	push	esp
-	push	eax		;interrupt number
-	call	_isr
-	add	esp, 8
-
-	pop	gs
-	pop	fs
-	pop	es
-	pop	ds
-	pop	ebp
-	pop	esi
-	pop	edi
-	pop	edx
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	ebx
-	add	esp, 4		;bypass error code
-	pop	eax		;original saved eax
-
-	iret
-
--- a/kernel/include/hos_defines.h
+++ b/kernel/include/hos_defines.h
@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+
+#ifndef HOS_DEFINES_H
+#define HOS_DEFINES_H
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+
+#define KERNEL_OFFSET           0x00000000
+
+#define PAGE_LOG_SIZE           12u
+#define PAGE_SIZE               (1 << PAGE_LOG_SIZE)
+#define PAGE_HIGH_MASK          (0xFFFFFFFFu << PAGE_LOG_SIZE)
+#define PAGE_LOW_MASK           (0xFFFFFFFFu >> (32 - PAGE_LOG_SIZE))
+
+#define CONSOLE_MEMORY          0xB8000
+
+#define KERNEL_CODE             (&_code)
+#define KERNEL_DATA             (&_data)
+#define KERNEL_BSS              (&_bss)
+#define KERNEL_END              (&_end)
+
+#define KERNEL_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS ((u32_t)(KERNEL_CODE - KERNEL_OFFSET))
+#define KERNEL_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS  ((u32_t)KERNEL_CODE)
+#define KERNEL_SIZE             ((u32_t)(KERNEL_END - KERNEL_CODE))
+
+#define KERNEL_TIMER_FREQ       1000
+
+#define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition) \
+    do { \
+        typedef struct { int negative_width_test : ((condition)?-1:1); } \
+            BUILD_BUG_ON_DUMMY_STRUCT; \
+    } \
+    while(0)
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+extern  u8_t    _code;
+extern  u8_t    _data;
+extern  u8_t    _bss;
+extern  u8_t    _end;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/include/hos_types.h
+++ b/kernel/include/hos_types.h
@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+
+#ifndef HOS_TYPES_H
+#define HOS_TYPES_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef unsigned char       u8_t;
+typedef signed char         s8_t;
+typedef unsigned short      u16_t;
+typedef signed short        s16_t;
+typedef unsigned int        u32_t;
+typedef signed int          s32_t;
+typedef unsigned long long  u64_t;
+typedef signed long long    s64_t;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   gs;
+    u32_t   fs;
+    u32_t   es;
+    u32_t   ds;
+
+    u32_t   edi;
+    u32_t   esi;
+    u32_t   ebp;
+    u32_t   esp_junk;               /* the esp value saved by 'pusha' */
+    u32_t   ebx;
+    u32_t   edx;
+    u32_t   ecx;
+    u32_t   eax;
+
+    u32_t   error;                  /* valid on exceptions 8, 10-14 */
+
+    u32_t   eip;
+    u32_t   cs;
+    u32_t   eflags;
+    u32_t   esp;                    /* present if privilege transition */
+    u32_t   ss;
+} int_stack_t;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u16_t   limit;
+    u32_t   base;
+} __attribute__ ((packed)) gdtr_t;
+
+typedef gdtr_t idtr_t;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/include/multiboot.h
+++ b/kernel/include/multiboot.h
@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+
+#ifndef MULTIBOOT_H
+#define MULTIBOOT_H
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* The magic number for the Multiboot header. */
+#define MB_HEADER_MAGIC             0x1BADB002
+#define MB_HEADER_FLAGS             0x00000003
+
+#define MB_HEADER_ALIGN_MODULES     (1 << 0)
+#define MB_HEADER_MEM_INFO          (1 << 1)
+#define MB_HEADER_VIDEO_INFO        (1 << 2)
+#define MB_HEADER_KLUDGE_OFFSETS    (1 << 16)
+
+/* The magic number passed by a Multiboot-compliant boot loader. */
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC         0x2BADB002
+
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_MEM_INFO      (1 << 0)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_BOOT_DEVICE   (1 << 1)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_COMMAND_LINE  (1 << 2)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_MODS          (1 << 3)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_AOUT          (1 << 4)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_ELF           (1 << 5)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_MMAP          (1 << 6)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_DRIVES        (1 << 7)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_CONFIG        (1 << 8)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_APM           (1 << 9)
+#define MB_BOOTLOADER_GRAPHICS      (1 << 10)
+
+#define MB_DRIVE_MODE_CHS           0
+#define MB_DRIVE_MODE_LBA           1
+
+#define MB_MMAP_TYPE_RAM            1
+
+/* The Multiboot header. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   magic;
+    u32_t   flags;
+    u32_t   checksum;
+    u32_t   header_addr;        // if flags[16]
+    u32_t   load_addr;          // if flags[16]
+    u32_t   load_end_addr;      // if flags[16]
+    u32_t   bss_end_addr;       // if flags[16]
+    u32_t   entry_addr;         // if flags[16]
+    u32_t   mode_type;          // if flags[2]
+    u32_t   width;              // if flags[2]
+    u32_t   height;             // if flags[2]
+    u32_t   depth;              // if flags[2]
+} mb_header_t;
+
+/* The symbol table for a.out. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   tabsize;
+    u32_t   strsize;
+    u32_t   addr;
+    u32_t   reserved;
+} mb_aout_symbol_table_t;
+
+/* The section header table for ELF. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   num;
+    u32_t   size;
+    u32_t   addr;
+    u32_t   shndx;
+} mb_elf_section_header_table_t;
+
+/* The Multiboot information. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   flags;
+    u32_t   mem_lower;          // present if flags[0] is set
+    u32_t   mem_upper;
+    u32_t   boot_device;        // 1
+    u32_t   cmdline;            // 2
+    u32_t   mods_count;         // 3
+    u32_t   mods_addr;          // 3
+    union
+    {
+        mb_aout_symbol_table_t          aout_sym;   // 4
+        mb_elf_section_header_table_t   elf_sec;    // 5
+    };
+    u32_t   mmap_length;        // 6
+    u32_t   mmap_addr;          // 6
+    u32_t   drives_length;      // 7
+    u32_t   drives_addr;        // 7
+    u32_t   config_table;       // 8
+    u32_t   bootloader_name;    // 9
+    u32_t   apm_table;          // 10
+
+    u32_t   vbe_control_info;   // 11
+    u32_t   vbe_mode_info;      // 11
+    u16_t   vbe_mode;           // 11
+    u16_t   vbe_interface_seg;  // 11
+    u16_t   vbe_interface_off;  // 11
+    u16_t   vbe_interface_len;  // 11
+} mb_info_t;
+
+/* The module structure. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   mod_start;
+    u32_t   mod_end;
+    u32_t   string;
+    u32_t   reserved;
+} mb_module_t;
+
+/* The memory map. Be careful that the offset 0 is base_addr_low, not size. */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   size;                 // offset -4
+    u64_t   base;                 // offset 0
+    u64_t   length;
+    u32_t   type;
+} mb_mmap_t;
+
+/* The drive structure */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32_t   size;
+    u8_t    drive_number;
+    u8_t    drive_mode;
+    u8_t    drive_cylinders;
+    u8_t    drive_heads;
+    u8_t    drive_sectors;
+    u16_t   drive_ports[1];
+} mb_drive_t;
+
+/* APM table structure */
+typedef struct
+{
+    u16_t   version;
+    u16_t   cseg;
+    u32_t   offset;
+    u16_t   cseg_16;
+    u16_t   dseg;
+    u16_t   flags;
+    u16_t   cseg_len;
+    u16_t   cseg_16_len;
+    u16_t   dseg_len;
+} mb_apm_t;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/include/portio.h
+++ b/kernel/include/portio.h
@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+
+#ifndef PORTIO_H
+#define PORTIO_H
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+
+#define outportb(port, val) \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("outb %%al, %%dx" : : "a" (val), "d" (port));
+
+#define outportw(port, val) \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("outw %%ax, %%dx" : : "a" (val), "d" (port));
+
+#define outportd(port, val) \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("outl %%eax, %%dx" : : "a" (val), "d" (port));
+
+static inline u8_t inportb(u16_t port)
+{
+    u8_t val;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("inb %%dx, %%al" : "=a" (val) : "d" (port));
+    return val;
+}
+
+static inline u16_t inportw(u16_t port)
+{
+    u16_t val;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("inw %%dx, %%al" : "=a" (val) : "d" (port));
+    return val;
+}
+
+static inline u32_t inportd(u16_t port)
+{
+    u32_t val;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("inl %%dx, %%al" : "=a" (val) : "d" (port));
+    return val;
+}
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/isr/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/isr/Makefile
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+include $(HOS_TOPLEVEL)/subdir.mak
--- a/kernel/isr/interrupts.cc
+++ b/kernel/isr/interrupts.cc
@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+#include "interrupts.h"
+#include "mm/mm.h"
+#include "lang/kio.h"
+#include "sys/pic.h"
+#include "sys/cpu.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+
+idtr_t idtr;
+
+void isr(u8_t int_num, int_stack_t * istack)
+{
+    switch (int_num)
+    {
+    case 0x20:                  /* timer interrupt */
+        (*(u16_t *)CONSOLE_MEMORY)++;
+        pic_eoi();
+        break;
+    case 0x21:
+        /* TODO: keyboard hook */
+        pic_eoi();
+        break;
+    default:
+        kputs("--------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
+        kprintf("Unhandled Interrupt #%d\n", int_num);
+        kprintf("    ds: 0x%08x     es: 0x%08x     fs: 0x%08x     gs: 0x%08x\n",
+                istack->ds, istack->es, istack->fs, istack->gs);
+        kprintf("   eax: 0x%08x    ebx: 0x%08x    ecx: 0x%08x    edx: 0x%08x\n",
+                istack->eax, istack->ebx, istack->ecx, istack->edx);
+        kprintf("   ebp: 0x%08x    esi: 0x%08x    edi: 0x%08x eflags: 0x%08x\n",
+                istack->ebp, istack->esi, istack->edi, istack->eflags);
+        kprintf("    cs: 0x%08x    eip: 0x%08x     ss: 0x%08x    esp: 0x%08x\n",
+                istack->cs, istack->eip, istack->ss, istack->esp);
+        kprintf("   cr0: 0x%08x    cr2: 0x%08x    cr3: 0x%08x\n",
+                read_cr0(), read_cr2(), read_cr3());
+        kprintf(" Error: 0x%08x (%d)\n", istack->error, istack->error);
+        kputs("--------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
+
+        kprintf("Halting!\n");
+        for (;;)
+            ;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+} /* extern "C" */
+
+void interrupts_bootstrap()
+{
+    u32_t idt_phys = mm_page_alloc();
+    u32_t idt_virt = mm_early_vpage_alloc();
+    mm_map(idt_virt, idt_phys, 0, 1);
+
+    u64_t * idt = (u64_t *) idt_virt;
+    idt[0]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_0,  0);
+    idt[1]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_1,  0);
+    idt[2]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_2,  0);
+    idt[3]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_3,  0);
+    idt[4]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_4,  0);
+    idt[5]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_5,  0);
+    idt[6]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_6,  0);
+    idt[7]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_7,  0);
+    idt[8]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_8,  0);
+    idt[9]  = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_9,  0);
+    idt[10] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_10, 0);
+    idt[11] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_11, 0);
+    idt[12] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_12, 0);
+    idt[13] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_13, 0);
+    idt[14] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_14, 0);
+    idt[15] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_15, 0);
+    idt[16] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_16, 0);
+    idt[17] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_17, 0);
+    idt[18] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_18, 0);
+    idt[19] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_19, 0);
+    idt[20] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_20, 0);
+    idt[21] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_21, 0);
+    idt[22] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_22, 0);
+    idt[23] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_23, 0);
+    idt[24] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_24, 0);
+    idt[25] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_25, 0);
+    idt[26] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_26, 0);
+    idt[27] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_27, 0);
+    idt[28] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_28, 0);
+    idt[29] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_29, 0);
+    idt[30] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_30, 0);
+    idt[31] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_31, 0);
+    idt[32] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_32, 0);
+    idt[33] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_33, 0);
+    idt[34] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_34, 0);
+    idt[35] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_35, 0);
+    idt[36] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_36, 0);
+    idt[37] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_37, 0);
+    idt[38] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_38, 0);
+    idt[39] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_39, 0);
+    idt[40] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_40, 0);
+    idt[41] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_41, 0);
+    idt[42] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_42, 0);
+    idt[43] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_43, 0);
+    idt[44] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_44, 0);
+    idt[45] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_45, 0);
+    idt[46] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_46, 0);
+    idt[47] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_47, 0);
+    idt[48] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_48, 0);
+    idt[49] = MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(KERNEL_CODE_SEGMENT, isr_49, 0);
+    idtr.base = idt_phys;
+    idtr.limit = 49 * sizeof(idt[0]) - 1;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lidt (idtr)" : : : "memory");
+}
--- a/kernel/isr/interrupts.h
+++ b/kernel/isr/interrupts.h
@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+
+#ifndef INTERRUPTS_H
+#define INTERRUPTS_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void isr(u8_t int_num, int_stack_t * int_stack);
+
+extern void isr_0();
+extern void isr_1();
+extern void isr_2();
+extern void isr_3();
+extern void isr_4();
+extern void isr_5();
+extern void isr_6();
+extern void isr_7();
+extern void isr_8();
+extern void isr_9();
+extern void isr_10();
+extern void isr_11();
+extern void isr_12();
+extern void isr_13();
+extern void isr_14();
+extern void isr_15();
+extern void isr_16();
+extern void isr_17();
+extern void isr_18();
+extern void isr_19();
+extern void isr_20();
+extern void isr_21();
+extern void isr_22();
+extern void isr_23();
+extern void isr_24();
+extern void isr_25();
+extern void isr_26();
+extern void isr_27();
+extern void isr_28();
+extern void isr_29();
+extern void isr_30();
+extern void isr_31();
+extern void isr_32();
+extern void isr_33();
+extern void isr_34();
+extern void isr_35();
+extern void isr_36();
+extern void isr_37();
+extern void isr_38();
+extern void isr_39();
+extern void isr_40();
+extern void isr_41();
+extern void isr_42();
+extern void isr_43();
+extern void isr_44();
+extern void isr_45();
+extern void isr_46();
+extern void isr_47();
+extern void isr_48();
+extern void isr_49();
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#define MAKE_IDT_DESCRIPTOR(selector, offset, dpl) \
+    (u64_t) ( ( (((u64_t) offset) & 0xFFFF0000ull) << 32 )  /* offset 31:16 */ \
+            | ( ( (u64_t) 0x1ull) << 47 )                   /* present */      \
+            | ( (((u64_t) dpl) & 0x3) << 45 )               /* DPL */          \
+            | ( ( (u64_t) 0xEull) << 40 )                   /* TODO: gate? */  \
+            | ( (((u64_t) selector) & 0xFFFFull) << 16 )    /* selector */     \
+            | ( (((u64_t) offset) & 0x0000FFFFull) ) )      /* offset 15:0 */
+
+void interrupts_bootstrap();
+
+#define interrupts_enable() __asm__ __volatile__ ("sti");
+#define interrupts_disable() __asm__ __volatile__ ("cli");
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/isr/isr.asm
+++ b/kernel/isr/isr.asm
@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+
+; C ISR routine
+[extern isr]
+
+
+; Macro for creating a single ISR label
+; We need to push a junk value on the stack first
+; if the interrupt number is not 8 or 10-14.
+; This is to properly align the stack for both exceptions
+; having and not having error codes.
+%macro isr_label 1
+[global isr_%1]
+isr_%1:
+    %if ( (%1 != 8) && (%1 < 10 || %1 > 14) )
+        push    eax                 ; junk value to take error code stack space
+    %endif
+    pusha                           ; eax, ecx, edx, ebx, esp, ebp, esi, edi
+    mov     al, %1                  ; save interrupt number in al
+    %if ($ - isr_common) < 127      ; do a short jump and save 3 bytes if we can
+        jmp short isr_common
+    %else
+        jmp     isr_common
+    %endif
+%endmacro
+
+
+; The common ISR routine
+isr_common:
+    push    ds
+    push    es
+    push    fs
+    push    gs
+
+    push    esp                     ; pointer to interrupt stack
+    push    eax                     ; interrupt number
+    call    isr
+    pop     eax                     ; restore stack pointer (this is shorter
+    pop     eax                     ; than "add esp, 8" and "lea esp, [esp+8]")
+
+    pop     gs
+    pop     fs
+    pop     es
+    pop     ds
+    popa                            ; edi, esi, ebp, <null>, ebx, edx, ecx, eax
+    lea     esp, [esp+4]            ; bypass error code
+
+    iret
+
+
+; Loop to create all of our ISR entry points
+%assign i 0
+%rep 50
+    isr_label i
+    %assign i i+1
+%endrep
+
--- a/kernel/kernel.c
+++ b/kernel/kernel.c
@ -1,288 +0,0 @@
-/* kernel.h
- * Author: Josh Holtrop
- * Date: 08/16/04
- * Modified: 11/02/05
- * This is the main kernel initialization and boot-strapping file
- */
-
-#include "kernel.h"
-#include "multiboot.h"
-#include "module.h"
-#include "lang/lang.h"
-#include "functions.h"
-#include "mm/mm.h"
-#include "mm/vmm.h"
-#include "lang/conv.h"
-#include "devices.h"
-#include "display/display.h"
-#include "display/kout.h"
-#include "sys/io.h"
-#include "sys/pic.h"
-#include "char/keyboard.h"
-#include "block/ramdisk.h"
-#include "fs/vfs.h"
-#include "fs/ext2/ext2.h"
-#include "sys/pci.h"
-#include "proc/proc.h"
-#include "syscall.h"
-
-mb_info_t mb_info_block;
-mb_mmap_t mb_mmap[MAX_MMAP];
-u32_t mmap_entries;
-mb_module_t mb_modules[MAX_MODULES];
-mb_apm_t mb_apm_table;
-mb_module_t *real_mode_module;		// pointer to real mode module (if present)
-real_mode_param_t rm_params;
-char mb_cmdline[256];
-int criticalCounter;			// semaphore for if interrupts are disabled
-u32_t timer;				// number of IRQ 0's
-
-extern u32_t mm_freepages;
-extern u32_t proc_new_esp;
-extern u32_t cur_task;
-
-/* This function runs in segmented memory - 0xC000_0000 is mapped to 0x0 but 0x0
-   itself is an invalid linear address. Therefore, the multiboot information addresses
-   must be manually adjusted by VIRT_OFFSET to become valid linear addresses. */
-mb_module_t *k_mbsave(mb_info_t *mbinfo, unsigned int mb_magic)
-{
-	real_mode_module = NULL;
-	if (mb_magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)
-	{
-		char *msg = "Bad multiboot magic identifier!";
-		char *dest = (char *) CONSOLE_MEMORY;
-		while (*msg)
-		{
-			*dest++ = *msg++;
-			*dest++ = 0x04;		//red error message
-		}
-		for (;;) ;
-	}
-	mb_info_block = *mbinfo;
-	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_COMMAND_LINE)
-	{
-		mb_info_block.cmdline += VIRT_OFFSET;
-		memcpy(mb_cmdline, (void *)mb_info_block.cmdline, 256);
-		mb_cmdline[255] = 0;
-	}
-	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_MODS)
-	{
-		mb_info_block.mods_addr += VIRT_OFFSET;
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < mb_info_block.mods_count && i < MAX_MODULES; i++)
-		{
-			mb_modules[i] = ((mb_module_t *)mb_info_block.mods_addr)[i];
-			mb_modules[i].mod_start += VIRT_OFFSET;
-			mb_modules[i].mod_end += VIRT_OFFSET;
-			hos_module_header_t *mod = (hos_module_header_t *)mb_modules[i].mod_start;
-			if (mod->mod_magic == 0x4D534F48 && mod->mod_type == MOD_REAL_MODE)
-				real_mode_module = &mb_modules[i];
-		}
-	}
-	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_MMAP)
-	{
-		mb_info_block.mmap_addr += (VIRT_OFFSET - 4);	//-4 to get to size field, not base_addr_low field
-		mb_mmap_t *mmap = (mb_mmap_t *)mb_info_block.mmap_addr;
-		int i, sz = 0;
-		for (i = 0; sz < mb_info_block.mmap_length && i < MAX_MMAP; i++)
-		{
-			sz += mmap->size + 4;
-			mb_mmap[i] = *mmap;
-			mmap = (mb_mmap_t *)(((u32_t) mmap) + mmap->size + 4);
-			mmap_entries++;
-		}
-	}
-	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_APM)
-	{
-		mb_info_block.apm_table += VIRT_OFFSET;
-		mb_apm_table = *(mb_apm_t *)mb_info_block.apm_table;
-	}
-	return real_mode_module;
-}
-
-/* Main kernel initialization routine */
-void k_init()
-{
-	criticalCounter++;
-	pic_remap(0x20, 0x28);
-	pic_mask1(0);			//unmask IRQ's 0-7
-	pic_mask2(0);			//unmask IRQ's 8-15
-	timer_init(HOS_TIMER_FREQ);
-	mm_init();
-	vmm_init();
-	devices_init();
-	if (real_mode_module)
-	{
-		if (rm_params.vid_addr)  // there is video memory to map in
-		{
-			u32_t vid_mem = rm_params.width * rm_params.height;
-			switch (rm_params.bpp)
-			{
-			case 15: case 16:
-				vid_mem <<= 1;	break;
-			case 24:
-				vid_mem *= 3;	break;
-			case 32:
-				vid_mem <<= 2;	break;
-			}
-			// map in video memory so we can access the video card's LFB
-			vmm_mapn(LFB_MEMORY, (u32_t)rm_params.vid_addr, (vid_mem >> 12) + 1);
-		}
-	}
-	display_init();			// initialize display subsystem
-	kprintf("HOS v0.16 initializing...\n");
-	kprintf("Kernel load line: '%s'\n", mb_cmdline);
-	kprintf("Kernel load size: %d (0x%x) bytes (%d kb)\n", kernel_size(), kernel_size(), kernel_size() >> 10);
-	kprintf("Kernel memory size: %d (0x%x) bytes (%d kb)\n", kernel_size_used(), kernel_size_used(), kernel_size_used() >> 10);
-
-	k_check(pci_init(), "pci_init() failed!");
-	k_check(vfs_init(), "vfs_init() failed!");
-	k_check(proc_init(), "proc_init() failed!");
-
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < mb_info_block.mods_count; i++)
-	{
-		kprintf("Loaded kernel module %d: 0x%x - 0x%x (%d bytes, type %d)\n", i, mb_modules[i].mod_start, mb_modules[i].mod_end, mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start, ((hos_module_header_t*)mb_modules[i].mod_start)->mod_type);
-		if (((mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start) > 2048) &&
-			((ext2_super_block_t *)(mb_modules[i].mod_start + 1024))->s_magic == EXT2_MAGIC)
-		{
-			// we found an initrd
-			minor_t initrd_minor = ramdisk_register((void *)mb_modules[i].mod_start, mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start);
-			kprintf("initrd (%dkb) loaded\n", (mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start) >> 10);
-			k_check(vfs_mount(DEV(MAJOR_RAMDISK, initrd_minor), "ext2", "/"), "Kernel panic: Could not mount initrd to /!");
-		}
-	}
-
-
-	void *root = vfs_open_dir("///");
-	char name[VFS_MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-	if (root)
-	{
-		vfs_dir_entry_t dentry;
-		vfs_stat_t fstat;
-		while (!vfs_read_dir(root, &dentry))
-		{
-			strcpy(name, "/");
-			strcat(name, dentry.name);
-			vfs_stat(name, &fstat);
-			kprintf("%d\t", fstat.inode);
-			putc(fstat.type == VFS_FT_DIR ? 'd' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_CHAR ? 'c' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_BLOCK ? 'b' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_SYMLINK ? 'l' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UR ? 'r' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UW ? 'w' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UX ? 'x' : '-');
-
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GR ? 'r' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GW ? 'w' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GX ? 'x' : '-');
-
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OR ? 'r' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OW ? 'w' : '-');
-			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OX ? 'x' : '-');
-
-			kprintf(" %d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%s", fstat.links, fstat.uid, fstat.gid, fstat.size, dentry.name);
-			if (fstat.type == VFS_FT_CHAR || fstat.type == VFS_FT_BLOCK)
-				kprintf("\t(%d, %d)", fstat.dev >> 8, fstat.dev & 0xFF);
-			if (fstat.type == VFS_FT_SYMLINK)
-			{
-				char *link = kmalloc(4096);
-				vfs_link_deref(name, link);
-				kprintf(" -> %s", link);
-				kfree(link);
-			}
-			putc('\n');
-		}
-		vfs_close_dir(root);
-	}
-	else
-		kprintf("Error: Could not open directory\n");
-
-	/* Create the initial task */
-	vfs_stat_t stat;
-	if (!vfs_stat(HOS_INIT_TASK, &stat))
-	{
-		if (stat.permissions &
-			(VFS_PERMS_UX | VFS_PERMS_GX | VFS_PERMS_UX))
-		{
-			u8_t *buf = kmalloc(stat.size);
-			void *file = vfs_open_file(HOS_INIT_TASK, VFS_MODE_READ);
-			vfs_read_file_block(file, buf, stat.size);
-			vfs_close_file(file);
-			create_task(buf, stat.size, 0, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	criticalCounter--;
-}
-
-void isr(u32_t num, int_stack_t *int_stack)
-{
-	criticalCounter++;
-	switch (num)
-	{
-	case 0x0:				/* divide by zero */
-		kprintf("divide by zero, current process: %u\n", cur_task);
-		break;
-	case 0x20:				// timer
-		timer++;
-		(*(u16_t *)CONSOLE_MEMORY)++;
-		proc_sched(int_stack);
-		pic_eoi();
-		break;
-	case 0x21:				// keyboard
-		isr_keyboard();
-		pic_eoi();
-		break;
-	case 0x30:
-		syscall(cur_task, int_stack);
-		break;
-	case 0x0D:				/* general protection (error code) */
-		kprintf("General protection fault process %u, error #%u\n", cur_task, int_stack->error);
-		break;
-	case 0x0E:				/* Page fault (error code) */
-		kprintf("Page fault process %u, error #%u\n", cur_task, int_stack->error);
-		break;
-	case 0x01:				/* debug exception */
-	case 0x02:				/* non-maskable interrupt */
-	case 0x03:				/* breakpoint */
-	case 0x04:				/* overflow */
-	case 0x05:				/* bound exception */
-	case 0x06:				/* invalid opcode */
-	case 0x07:				/* FPU not available */
-	case 0x08:				/* Double fault (error code) */
-	case 0x09:				/* coprocessor segment overrun */
-	case 0x0A:				/* invalid TSS (error code) */
-	case 0x0B:				/* segment not present (error code) */
-	case 0x0C:				/* stack exception (error code) */
-	case 0x10:				/* floating point error */
-	case 0x11:				/* alignment check */
-	case 0x12:				/* machine check */
-	default:
-		kprintf("Unhandled interrupt #%d, CR2 = 0x%x, int_stack at 0x%x!\n", num, read_cr2(), int_stack);
-		halt();
-	}
-	criticalCounter--;
-}
-
-
-void	k_enter_critical()	// functions for implementing "atomic actions"
-{
-	disable_ints();
-	criticalCounter++;
-}
-
-void	k_leave_critical()
-{
-	criticalCounter--;
-	if (!criticalCounter)
-		enable_ints();
-}
-
-void	k_check(int val, char *msg)
-{
-	if (val)
-	{
-		kprintf("\e[31;1m%s\n", msg);
-		halt();
-	}
-}
-
--- a/kernel/kernel.h
+++ b/kernel/kernel.h
@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-// kernel.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/16/04
-// Modified: 08/18/05
-
-#ifndef __HOS_KERNEL_H__
-#define __HOS_KERNEL_H__ __HOS_KERNEL_H__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-#include "multiboot.h"
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	void	*vid_addr;	// address of LFB, 0 if console mode
-	u32_t	width;		// width in pixels or columns if vid_mem == 0
-	u32_t	height;		// height in pixels or columns if vid_mem == 0
-	u32_t	bpp;		// bits per pixel - 15/16/24/32
-} __attribute__ ((packed)) real_mode_param_t;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32_t	gs;
-	u32_t	fs;
-	u32_t	es;
-	u32_t	ds;
-
-	u32_t	ebp;
-	u32_t	esi;
-	u32_t	edi;
-	u32_t	edx;
-
-	u32_t	ecx;
-	u32_t	ebx;
-	u32_t	eax;
-
-	u32_t	error;		/* valid on exceptions 8, 10-14 */
-	u32_t	eip;
-	u32_t	cs;
-	u32_t	eflags;
-	u32_t	esp;		/* present if privilege transition */
-	u32_t	ss;
-} int_stack_t;
-
-/* returns true to callee if we should jump to a real mode module */
-mb_module_t *k_mbsave(mb_info_t *mbinfo, unsigned int mb_magic);
-void	_init();
-void	isr(u32_t num, int_stack_t *stack_frame);
-void	k_enter_critical();	// functions for implementing "atomic actions"
-void	k_leave_critical();
-void	k_check(int val, char *msg);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/lang/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/lang/Makefile
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+include $(HOS_TOPLEVEL)/subdir.mak
--- a/kernel/lang/conv.c
+++ b/kernel/lang/conv.c
@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-// conv.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-// Modified: 12/30/04
-
-#include "conv.h"
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-// BCD to string
-// returns number of characters generated before null terminator
-int	bcdtoa(u32_t bcd, char *buf)
-{
-	*buf++ = ((bcd & 0xF0) >> 4) + '0';
-	*buf++ = (bcd & 0xF) + '0';
-	*buf = 0;
-	return 2;
-}
-
-
-// convert integer to hexadecimal string
-int	itox(u32_t num, char *buf)
-{
-	int s, i = 0;
-	for (s = 28; s >= 0; s -= 4)
-	{
-		u32_t val = (num >> s) & 0xF;
-		if (i || val || (!s))
-		{
-			val = (val > 9) ? (val + 'A' - 10) : (val + '0');
-			buf[i++] = val;
-		}
-	}
-	buf[i] = 0;
-	return i - 1;
-}
-
-
-// convert integer to an octal string
-int	itoo(u32_t num, char *buf)
-{
-	int s, i = 0;
-	for (s = 30; s >= 0; s -= 3)
-	{
-		u32_t val = (num >> s) & 0x7;
-		if (i || val || (!s))
-			buf[i++] = val + '0';
-	}
-	buf[i] = 0;
-	return i - 1;
-}
-
-
-// convert signed integer to decimal string
-int	itoa(int num, char *buf)
-{
-	// 4,294,967,296
-	int hitNum = 0, i = 0, mod, val;
-	if (num < 0)
-	{
-		buf[i++] = '-';
-		num = -num;
-	}
-	for (mod = 1000000000; mod >= 1; mod /= 10)
-	{
-		val = num / mod;
-		num %= mod;
-		if (val || (mod == 1))
-			hitNum = 1;
-		if (hitNum)
-		{
-			buf[i++] = val + '0';
-		}
-	}
-	buf[i] = 0;
-	return i - 1;
-}
-
-
-// convert an unsigned integer to decimal string
-int	utoa(u32_t num, char *buf)
-{
-	// 4,294,967,296
-	int hitNum = 0, i = 0, mod, val;
-	for (mod = 1000000000; mod >= 1; mod /= 10)
-	{
-		val = num / mod;
-		num %= mod;
-		if (val || (mod == 1))
-			hitNum = 1;
-		if (hitNum)
-		{
-			buf[i++] = val + '0';
-		}
-	}
-	buf[i] = 0;
-	return i - 1;
-}
-
-
-char	asciiSwitchCase(char chr)
-{
-	if (chr >= 'A' && chr <= 'Z')
-		return chr + ('a' - 'A');
-	if (chr >= 'a' && chr <= 'z')
-		return chr - ('a' - 'A');
-	return chr;
-}
-
-
--- a/kernel/lang/conv.h
+++ b/kernel/lang/conv.h
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// conv.h
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 08/02/04
-// Modified: 12/30/04
-
-#ifndef __HOS_CONV__
-#define __HOS_CONV__ __HOS_CONV__
-
-#include "hos_defines.h"
-
-int	bcdtoa(u32_t bcd, char *buf);
-int	itox(u32_t num, char *buf);
-int	itoo(u32_t num, char *buf);
-int	itoa(int num, char *buf);
-int	utoa(u32_t num, char *buf);
-
-char	asciiSwitchCase(char chr);
-
-#endif
-
--- a/kernel/lang/kio.cc
+++ b/kernel/lang/kio.cc
@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+
+#include "hos_types.h"
+#include "hos_defines.h"
+#include "kio.h"
+#include "string.h"
+#include "portio.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>                 /* va_*() */
+
+static void fmt_d2a(char * buf, int val);
+static void fmt_u2a(char * buf, unsigned int val);
+static void fmt_ll2a(char * buf, long long val);
+static void fmt_ull2a(char * buf, unsigned long long val);
+static void fmt_x2a(char * buf, unsigned int val);
+static void fmt_xl2a(char * buf, unsigned long long val);
+static void fmt_o2a(char * buf, unsigned int val);
+
+static int cursor_x, cursor_y;
+
+static void writeCursorPosition(int x, int y)
+{
+    u16_t pos = 80 * y + x;
+    outportb(0x3D4, 0x0E);
+    outportb(0x3D5, pos >> 8);
+    outportb(0x3D4, 0x0F);
+    outportb(0x3D5, pos);
+}
+
+extern "C" {
+
+void kio_bootstrap()
+{
+    cursor_x = 0;
+    cursor_y = 9;
+    writeCursorPosition(cursor_x, cursor_y);
+}
+
+void kprintf(const char * fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+
+    kvprintf(fmt, args);
+
+    va_end(args);
+}
+
+void kvprintf(const char * fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    char tmpbuf[25];
+    for ( ; *fmt; fmt++)
+    {
+        if (*fmt == '%')
+        {
+            fmt++;
+            if (*fmt)
+            {
+                int width = 0;
+                char pad_char = ' ';
+                bool pad_right = false;
+                if (*fmt == '0')
+                {
+                    pad_char = '0';
+                    fmt++;
+                }
+                else if (*fmt == '-')
+                {
+                    pad_right = true;
+                    fmt++;
+                }
+                for ( ; '0' <= *fmt && *fmt <= '9'; fmt++)
+                {
+                    if (width == 0)
+                    {
+                        width = *fmt - '0';
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        width *= 10;
+                        width += *fmt - '0';
+                    }
+                }
+                switch (*fmt)
+                {
+                    case 'c':
+                        kputc(va_arg(args, int));
+                        break;
+                    case 'd':
+                        fmt_d2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, int));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'l':
+                        fmt_ll2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, long long));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'L':
+                        fmt_ull2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, unsigned long long));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'o':
+                        fmt_o2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, unsigned int));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 's':
+                        kputs_pad(va_arg(args, char *),
+                                  width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'u':
+                        fmt_u2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, unsigned int));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'x':
+                        fmt_x2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, unsigned int));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case 'X':
+                        fmt_xl2a(tmpbuf, va_arg(args, unsigned long long));
+                        kputs_pad(tmpbuf, width, pad_char, pad_right);
+                        break;
+                    case '%':
+                        kputc('%');
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            kputc(*fmt);
+        }
+        if (!*fmt)
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void kputc(char c)
+{
+    u16_t * console_memory = (u16_t *) CONSOLE_MEMORY;
+    console_memory += 80 * cursor_y + cursor_x;
+    switch (c)
+    {
+        case '\t':
+            {
+                int to_advance = 8 - (cursor_x & 0x3);
+                while (to_advance--)
+                {
+                    *console_memory++ = 0x0720;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        case '\n':
+            cursor_x = 0;
+            cursor_y++;
+            break;
+        default:
+            *console_memory = 0x0700 | (c & 0xFF);
+            cursor_x++;
+            break;
+    }
+    if (cursor_x >= 80)
+    {
+        cursor_x = 0;
+        cursor_y++;
+    }
+    if (cursor_y >= 25)
+    {
+        memcpy((u8_t *) CONSOLE_MEMORY,
+               (u8_t *) (CONSOLE_MEMORY + 80 * 2),
+               2 * 80 * 24);
+        memsetw((u16_t *) (CONSOLE_MEMORY + 2 * 80 * 24), 0x0720, 80);
+        cursor_y = 24;
+    }
+    writeCursorPosition(cursor_x, cursor_y);
+}
+
+void kputs(const char * s)
+{
+    while (*s)
+    {
+        kputc(*s);
+        s++;
+    }
+}
+
+void kputs_pad(const char * s, int width, char pad_char, bool pad_right)
+{
+    int len = strlen(s);
+    if (pad_right)
+    {
+        kputs(s);
+    }
+    int num_pad_chars = width - len;
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_pad_chars; i++)
+    {
+        kputc(pad_char);
+    }
+    if (!pad_right)
+    {
+        kputs(s);
+    }
+}
+
+} /* extern "C" */
+
+static void fmt_d2a(char * buf, int val)
+{
+    if (val < 0)
+    {
+        *buf++ = '-';
+        val = -val;
+    }
+    fmt_u2a(buf, (unsigned int) val);
+}
+
+static void fmt_u2a(char * buf, unsigned int val)
+{
+    bool printing = false;
+    for (unsigned int div = 1000000000; div >= 1; div /= 10)
+    {
+        unsigned int n = val / div;
+        if (n || div == 1)
+        {
+            printing = true;
+        }
+        if (printing)
+        {
+            *buf++ = '0' + n;
+        }
+        val -= n * div;
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
+
+static void fmt_ll2a(char * buf, long long val)
+{
+    if (val < 0)
+    {
+        *buf++ = '-';
+        val = -val;
+    }
+    fmt_ull2a(buf, (unsigned long long) val);
+}
+
+static void fmt_ull2a(char * buf, unsigned long long val)
+{
+    bool printing = false;
+    for (unsigned long long div = 10000000000000000000ull; div >= 1; div /= 10)
+    {
+        unsigned long long n = val / div;
+        if (n || div == 1)
+        {
+            printing = true;
+        }
+        if (printing)
+        {
+            *buf++ = '0' + n;
+        }
+        val -= n * div;
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
+
+static void fmt_x2a(char * buf, unsigned int val)
+{
+    bool printing = false;
+    for (int s = 28; s >= 0; s -= 4)
+    {
+        unsigned int n = (val >> s) & 0xF;
+        if (n || s == 0)
+        {
+            printing = true;
+        }
+        if (printing)
+        {
+            *buf++ = "0123456789abcdef"[n];
+        }
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
+
+static void fmt_xl2a(char * buf, unsigned long long val)
+{
+    bool printing = false;
+    for (int s = 60; s >= 0; s -= 4)
+    {
+        unsigned int n = (val >> s) & 0xF;
+        if (n || s == 0)
+        {
+            printing = true;
+        }
+        if (printing)
+        {
+            *buf++ = "0123456789abcdef"[n];
+        }
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
+
+static void fmt_o2a(char * buf, unsigned int val)
+{
+    bool printing = false;
+    for (int s = 30; s >= 0; s -= 3)
+    {
+        unsigned int n = (val >> s) & 0x7;
+        if (n || s == 0)
+        {
+            printing = true;
+        }
+        if (printing)
+        {
+            *buf++ = "01234567"[n];
+        }
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
--- a/kernel/lang/kio.h
+++ b/kernel/lang/kio.h
@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+#ifndef KIO_H
+#define KIO_H
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void kio_bootstrap();
+
+void kprintf(const char * fmt, ...);
+
+void kvprintf(const char * fmt, va_list args);
+
+void kputc(char c);
+
+void kputs(const char * s);
+
+void kputs_pad(const char * s, int width, char pad_char, bool pad_right);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/kernel/lang/lang.asm
+++ b/kernel/lang/lang.asm
@ -1,362 +0,0 @@
-; lang.asm
-; Josh Holtrop
-; Created: 10/23/03
-; Modified: 12/30/04
-
-[bits 32]
-
-%macro jzfar 1
-	jnz	%%skip
-	jmp	%1
-%%skip:
-
-%endmacro
-
-;implements a lock
-[global _lock]
-_lock:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	eax
-	push	ebx
-	push	esi
-
-	mov	esi, [ebp + 8]
-_lock_loop0:
-	xor	eax, eax
-	mov	ebx, 1
-	cmpxchg	[esi], ebx
-	jnz	_lock_loop0		; failed to acquire lock
-
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebx
-	pop	eax
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-;releases a lock
-[global _unlock]
-_unlock:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-
-	mov	esi, [ebp + 8]
-	mov	[esi], dword 0
-
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-;returns the value in the CR0 register
-;extern dword read_cr0();
-[global _read_cr0]
-_read_cr0:
-	mov	eax, cr0;
-	ret
-
-;stores the parameter to the CR0 register
-;extern dword write_cr0(dword cr0);
-[global _write_cr0]
-_write_cr0:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	mov	eax, [ebp+8]
-	mov	cr0, eax
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-;returns the value in the CR2 register
-;extern dword read_cr2();
-[global _read_cr2]
-_read_cr2:
-	mov	eax, cr2;
-	ret
-
-
-
-;returns the value in the CR3 register
-;extern dword read_cr3();
-[global _read_cr3]
-_read_cr3:
-	mov	eax, cr3;
-	ret
-
-
-;stores the parameter to the CR3 register
-;extern dword write_cr3(dword cr3);
-[global _write_cr3]
-_write_cr3:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	mov	eax, [ebp+8]
-	mov	cr3, eax
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-; read ss register
-[global _read_ss]
-_read_ss:
-	mov	ax, ss
-	ret
-
-
-;copies a string from the source to the destination parameter
-;extern void strcpy(char *dest, char *src);
-[global _strcpy]
-_strcpy:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-	push	edi
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	mov	esi, [ebp+12]
-strcpyloop:
-	lodsb
-	stosb
-	or	al, al
-	jnz	strcpyloop
-	pop	edi
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-;copies memory of n bytes from src to destination
-;void memcpy(void *dest, void *src, dword n);
-[global _memcpy]
-_memcpy:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	mov	esi, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	cld
-	rep	movsb
-
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;copies memory of n words (n*2 bytes) from src to destination
-;void memcpyw(void *dest, void *src, dword n);
-[global _memcpyw]
-_memcpyw:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	mov	esi, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	cld
-	rep	movsw
-
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;copies memory of n dwords (n*4 bytes) from src to destination
-;void memcpyd(void *dest, void *src, dword n);
-[global _memcpyd]
-_memcpyd:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	mov	esi, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	cld
-	rep	movsd
-
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;sets num bytes at buffer to the value of c
-;void *memset(void *buffer, int c, int num);
-[global _memset]
-_memset:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	push	edi		;save for return address
-	mov	eax, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	rep	stosb
-
-        pop	eax
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;sets num words at buffer to the value of c
-;void *memsetw(void *buffer, int c, int num);
-[global _memsetw]
-_memsetw:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	push	edi		;save for return address
-	mov	eax, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	rep	stosw
-
-        pop	eax
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-        
-;sets num dwords at buffer to the value of c
-;void *memsetd(void *buffer, int c, int num);
-[global _memsetd]
-_memsetd:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	edi
-	push	ecx
-	mov	edi, [ebp+8]
-	push	edi		;save for return address
-	mov	eax, [ebp+12]
-	mov	ecx, [ebp+16]
-
-	rep	stosd
-
-        pop	eax
-	pop	ecx
-	pop	edi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;returns the number of characters in a string
-;extern dword strlen(char *str);
-[global _strlen]
-_strlen:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-	push	esi
-	push	ebx
-	mov	esi, [ebp+8]
-	xor	ebx, ebx
-strlenloop:
-	lodsb
-	or	al, al
-	jz	strlendone
-	inc	ebx
-	jmp	strlenloop
-strlendone:
-	mov	eax, ebx
-	pop	ebx
-	pop	esi
-	pop	ebp
-	ret
-
-
-;this function invalidates the page directory/table entry that
-; would be used to access the memory address given in the parameter
-;extern void invlpg_(dword addr);
-[global _invlpg_]
-_invlpg_:
-	mov	eax, [esp+4]
-	invlpg	[eax]
-	ret
-
-
-;
-;void writeCursorPosition(word pos)
-;
-[global _writeCursorPosition]
-_writeCursorPosition:
-	push	ebp
-	mov	ebp, esp
-
-	push	eax
-	push	ebx
-	push	edx
-
-	mov	eax, [ebp+8]	;cursor position in ax
-
-	mov	bl, al
-	mov	dx, 0x03D4
-	mov	al, 0x0E
-	out	dx, al
-
-	inc	dx
-	mov	al, ah
-	out	dx, al
-
-	dec	dx
-	mov	al, 0x0F
-	out	dx, al
-
-	inc	dx
-	mov	al, bl
-	out	dx, al
-
-	pop	edx
-	pop	ebx
-	pop	eax
-	pop	ebp
-
-	ret
-
-
-;
-;word getCursorPosition()
-;
-[global _getCursorPosition]
-_getCursorPosition:
-	push	ebx
-	push	edx
-
-	xor	eax, eax
-	mov	dx, 0x03D4
-	mov	al, 0x0E
-	out	dx, al
-
-	inc	dx
-	in	al, dx
-	mov	bl, al
-
-	dec	dx
-	mov	al, 0x0F
-	out	dx, al
-
-	inc	dx
-	in	al, dx
-	mov	ah, bl
-
-	pop	edx
-	pop	ebx
-
-	ret
-
--- a/kernel/lang/lang.c
+++ b/kernel/lang/lang.c
@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-// lang.c
-// Author: Josh Holtrop
-// Date: 12/30/04
-// Modified: 12/30/04
-
-#include "lang.h"
-
-
-/* strcmp compares two strings
- * Returns:
- *  0 if the strings are equal
- * <0 if the second string is less than the first
- * >0 if the second string is greater than the first
- */
-int	strcmp(char *str1, char *str2)
-{
-	while (*str1 || *str2)
-	{
-		if (*str1 != *str2)
-			return *str2 - *str1;
-		str1++;
-		str2++;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* strncmp compares up to n characters of two strings
- * Returns:
- *  0 if the strings are equal
- * <0 if the second string is less than the first
- * >0 if the second string is greater than the first
- */
-int	strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int n)
-{
-	while (n > 0 && (*str1 || *str2))
-	{
-		if (*str1 != *str2)
-			return *str2 - *str1;
-		str1++;
-		str2++;
-		n--;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-/* str_change changes a certain character in a string
- *  to a different character
- * Returns: how many characters were changed
- */
-int str_change(char *str, char ch1, char ch2)
-{
-  int count = 0;
-  while (*str)
-    {
-      if (*str == ch1)
-	{
-	  *str = ch2;
-	  count++;
-	}
-      str++;
-    }
-  return count;
-}
-
-// counts the occurrences of lookfor in str
-int	str_count(char *str, char lookfor)
-{
-	int count = 0;
-	while (*str)
-	{
-		if (*str == lookfor)
-			count++;
-		str++;
-	}
-	return count;
-}
-
-// split the string into substrings by the splitchar, return number of substrings
-int	str_split(char *str, char splitchar)
-{
-  if (!(*str))
-    return 0;
-	int subs = 1;
-	while (*str)
-	{
-		if (*str == splitchar)
-		{
-			*str = 0;
-			subs++;
-		}
-		str++;
-	}
-	return subs;
-}
-
-// advance the string pointer to the next substring, return a pointer to the next substring
-char	*str_advance(char *str)
-{
-	char *next = str;
-	while (*next)
-		next++;			// advance pointer to end of this substring (null character)
-	return next + 1;
-}
-
-
-// concatentate src onto the end of dest
-void	strcat(char *dest, char *src)
-{
-	while (*dest)
-		dest++;
-	strcpy(dest, src);
-}
-
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
josh	f51426f73f	fixed memory barrier bug in IDT initialization -- kernel still crashing when interrupts enabled but i think the memory management initialization is correct git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@102 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-02-01 05:24:40 +00:00
josh	4b688a3ce0	fixed bug that mapping PAGE_DIR_SELF_REF would incorrectly allocate a new physical page git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@101 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-02-01 05:04:39 +00:00
josh	563758b1bd	added PAGE_DIR_SELF_REF2 to fix bug in page directory self-referencing git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@100 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-02-01 04:21:29 +00:00
josh	ae5dc7df6f	in the middle of clearing page tables allocated during mm_map() and mm_early_map() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@99 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-02-01 01:47:19 +00:00
josh	d41ffbbedc	added mm_early_vpage_alloc(); kernel still crashing... git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@98 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-28 04:22:02 +00:00
josh	5ac343a2e8	fixed mm bug, now crashing because IDT isn't mapped via paging git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@97 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-27 05:25:05 +00:00
josh	1027b8c346	compiling again after updating mm_early_map() and mm_map() for new page allocation scheme git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@96 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-27 05:06:12 +00:00
josh	08491bace9	still reworking physical page allocator git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@95 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-26 05:25:46 +00:00
josh	96ba9fabb1	reworking memory management... again git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@94 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-25 23:03:23 +00:00
josh	24485b8143	fixed line endings on text files git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@93 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-25 16:04:08 +00:00
josh	ca82cc32ac	cleaned up a few page allocation page issues, still crashing git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@92 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-25 15:59:27 +00:00
josh	4816102139	kernel compiling with new page allocation mechanism but crashing git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@91 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-25 05:56:40 +00:00
josh	0bc304328d	kernel now keeping track of total/free number of physical pages instead of free/used git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@90 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-22 20:51:34 +00:00
josh	dccecb054b	fixed BUILD_BUG_ON() to work in C++ git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@89 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-22 20:48:41 +00:00
josh	0c78e21e14	added STACK_INITIAL_SIZE to control the number of initial stack pages; added BUILD_BUG_ON() macro to catch compile-time errors git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@88 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-22 19:35:43 +00:00
josh	53407d7b59	rearranged slightly git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@87 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-22 18:19:20 +00:00
josh	cdea1602d5	added bochs target to Makefile git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@86 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-22 18:19:17 +00:00
josh	b6bebfd9b4	removed debug print git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@85 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-14 15:54:16 +00:00
josh	1be6e37961	thanks to bug found by Nick - fixed mmap traversal and size calculation git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@84 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-14 15:43:49 +00:00
josh	85c5a26631	removed erroneous offset by four when calculating address of mmap structure from bootloader git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@83 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-14 04:23:26 +00:00
josh	eb2dd3b1ad	updated start symbol comment git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@82 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-07 19:14:34 +00:00
josh	6cd78f195f	changed kernel stack top to 0x40000000 (1GB) virtual git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@81 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-07 15:56:53 +00:00
josh	e4701b8d96	merged in removing-assembly branch to do more in C git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@80 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-07 15:38:15 +00:00
josh	76ac4f88a4	set virtual offset to 0x0, kernel now runs in qemu / VirtualBox git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@73 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-06 05:37:04 +00:00
josh	f6e71b9891	minor Makefile improvements git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@72 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-06 05:04:59 +00:00
josh	cf7287d368	removed multiboot kludge; using ELF kernel with different virtual and load addresses git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@71 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-06 05:02:32 +00:00
josh	44c6bac2af	added util folder with build script for i586-elf target cross-compiler git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@70 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2010-01-02 02:10:20 +00:00
josh	bc7064e92a	got interrupts working, added sys/{pic,timer,cpu} modules, ready to work on multitasking git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@69 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-29 22:30:52 +00:00
josh	2c5a5d7093	moved gdtr_t definition from mm.h to hos_types.h git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@68 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-24 17:05:11 +00:00
josh	ddd8c9fd71	split mm_map() and mm_page_alloc() into regular and "early" versions (mm_early_map() and mm_early_page_alloc()); removed mm_use_virtual_offset flag git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@67 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-24 14:51:23 +00:00
josh	d7be0159c9	created /kernel/isr subdir, moved isr.asm from boot to isr module, added interrupts.cc for isr() main function and isr_bootstrap() routine git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@66 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-24 14:19:31 +00:00
josh	d352afd079	added int_stack_t type in hos_types.h for interrupt stack access git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@65 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-24 14:02:11 +00:00
josh	1105e6e203	optimized isr.asm a bit git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@64 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-24 13:50:29 +00:00
josh	339eef5976	build process generating assembly list files for .asm sources; ignoring .lst files in /kernel/boot git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@63 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-23 22:03:57 +00:00
josh	6a75fdfc10	Added isr.asm with 50 isr_%d labels defined, ready to call isr() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@62 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-23 22:02:11 +00:00
josh	2f810cc2ec	Reduced grub timeout in menu.lst git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@61 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-22 21:00:18 +00:00
josh	63289deade	updated include/portio.h to not use gcc-specific "statement blocks" but instead have inportX() be static inline functions. Verified that the compiler does in fact inline them git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@60 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-20 19:21:20 +00:00
josh	e70b1a5213	removed special cases for formatting of lowest signed values due to Corrin' rationale; fixed formatting routines to handle formatting "0" values git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@59 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-20 19:10:54 +00:00
josh	c21caccb1f	printing memory map, used pages, and free pages on boot git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@58 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-16 00:05:44 +00:00
josh	fd02ee26e1	added kputs_pad(); implemented padding in kprintf(); put some padding tests in k_main() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@57 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-15 14:53:58 +00:00
josh	ecd74fe35b	starting kio change git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@56 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-15 02:47:46 +00:00
josh	08af04897c	added include/portio.h; using it to update cursor position in kputc() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@55 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 20:37:10 +00:00
josh	1dd8250048	moved call to stack_bootstrap() into mm_bootstrap() since stack_bootstrap() relies on calling mm_map() and mm_use_virtual_offset was getting unset at the end of mm_bootstrap(); calling k_main() now works! git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@54 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 16:08:06 +00:00
josh	118021a0f6	added Makefile commands to build a binary and an ELF kernel and do disassemble the ELF version git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@53 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 13:50:29 +00:00
josh	bf9c7d74eb	added mm/stack module; initializing "permanent" stack for kernel use while paging, crashing when calling k_main() though... git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@52 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 13:31:08 +00:00
josh	cf2d28f5ce	added k_main.cc, need to set up a stack before calling k_main() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@51 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 03:34:16 +00:00
josh	594625b0fa	changed lgdt instruction to load from linear address instead of physical address for [mm_gdtr] git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@50 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-14 00:26:40 +00:00
josh	df719b4281	added code to reset segmentation and enable paging; added fmt_xl2a() in kio; added debug prints in k_bootstrap() since kernel is crashing when trying to enable paging git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@49 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 22:58:48 +00:00
josh	0fb590a407	changed kio routines to accept const char *; added MAKE_DESCRIPTOR() macro to mm git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@48 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 22:38:53 +00:00
josh	5b9651299e	fixed a few formatting and string bugs, kprintf() working when called during bootstrapping! git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@47 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 21:54:27 +00:00
josh	a4d497544e	added memcpy{,w,d}(), memset{,w,d}(); filled in kputc() git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@46 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 21:42:18 +00:00
josh	6a69fd06ec	filled in a few more formatting routines; linking with libgcc.a to work with 64-bit unsigned integer division/modulus git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@45 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 20:08:16 +00:00
josh	6a8c7431ff	hos_defines.h should include hos_types.h first git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@44 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 17:15:39 +00:00
josh	be17cde305	added devices and lang directories, added skeleton kio and string modules git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@43 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-13 15:34:39 +00:00
josh	1aace858da	Moved page_directory from an allocated object to a pointer to a run-time allocated page of RAM git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@42 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-06 21:48:04 +00:00
josh	784978b131	boot.asm comments git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@41 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-05 16:38:47 +00:00
josh	54b42c0226	added set_cr3() macro and called it to set the PDBR git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@40 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-04 00:22:18 +00:00
josh	e55f2cdfc4	mapping in kernel virtual address space git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@39 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-03 20:48:51 +00:00
josh	edb1a6426d	minor mm.cc comment changes git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@38 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-02 19:26:52 +00:00
josh	f07e34c849	updated link script to pack things better git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@37 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-02 03:43:44 +00:00
josh	e907902ca0	changed mm functions to C++ linkage git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@36 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-02 03:35:24 +00:00
josh	a8947f8aa3	added mm_map() to map addresses and mm_page_alloc() to allocate physical pages git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@35 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-02 03:28:25 +00:00
josh	2bddc1d428	filled out more of mm_bootstrap() including initializing the free page linked list git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@34 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-02 01:09:09 +00:00
josh	bfb4f3bdd0	changed k_bootstrap from C to C++ source file git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@33 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 21:17:24 +00:00
josh	db192f6d36	added CXXFLAGS to disable rtti and exceptions; added C++ support to header files; moved mm.c to mm.cc to use C++ functionality git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@32 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 19:52:18 +00:00
josh	2faa2cc8d6	added mm_bootstrap() skeleton function git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@31 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 17:34:52 +00:00
josh	02c2b25ded	added DEPS definition in subdir.mak so dependency files are automatically generated again git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@30 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 12:39:43 +00:00
josh	39ea3f231b	added bootstrap_stack so the temporary stack is not in the same place as the page directory git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@29 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 01:53:43 +00:00
josh	981a01ba9b	added linker script symbols and address macros to hos_defines.h git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@28 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-07-01 01:51:02 +00:00
josh	3eea1b4fd3	building in linux with i586-elf cross-compiler as well git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@27 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-30 23:31:30 +00:00
josh	be8d6015ff	Added mm_record_mmap_entry() and calls to it in k_bootstrap(). git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@26 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-30 21:29:44 +00:00
josh	6ea8fe1a27	Added k_bootstrap.c, k_early_panic.[ch] Calling k_bootstrap() from boot.asm in segmented mode git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@25 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-30 20:12:39 +00:00
josh	d4f5a0b244	Added multiboot.h git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@24 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-30 18:17:20 +00:00
josh	1548e7327a	added SUBDIRS support to subdir.mak for recursive building git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@23 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-30 17:54:09 +00:00
josh	90e03d4f95	Added include folder with hos_types.h and hos_defines.h Added mm build subdir with mm.c Updated subdir.mak to build $(subdir)_all.o instead of $(subdir).o Updated main Makefile to pass SUBDIR in to subdirectory builds, add $(HOS_TOPLEVEL)/include to compiler include path, and made the linker write a map file Updated boot.asm to use the page_directory symbol from the .bss section defined in mm.o as its temporary stack area git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@22 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-29 19:55:50 +00:00
josh	fb807847bf	fixed SUBDIRS_clean definition in Makefile git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@21 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-29 13:40:33 +00:00
josh	d8f7e731e1	moved boot.asm into kernel/boot, added kernel/boot/Makefile using new subdir.mak git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@20 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 21:57:50 +00:00
josh	a5ca4348d9	changing Makefile system a bit, again git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@19 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 19:46:49 +00:00
josh	8fe8d78051	realigned assembly a bit git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@18 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 19:12:25 +00:00
josh	1b0da72e5a	moved PLATFORM and associated definitions from Makefile to kernel/Makefile so the kernel can be built by itself git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@17 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 18:03:39 +00:00
josh	8493002072	removed jump at start symbol since the bootloader starts after the multiboot header anyway; added diagnostic characters "a", "b" git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@16 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 15:16:01 +00:00
josh	1ba82ac77f	added svn:ignore to a few directories; kernel linked to virtual address 0xE000_0000 and running there in segmented mode git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@15 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 15:02:46 +00:00
josh	13f467ca47	i guess genisoimage likes to modify iso/boot/grub/stage2_eltorito git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@14 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 13:17:48 +00:00
josh	81a56c9fcf	build system works using i586-elf cross-compiler in cygwin git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@13 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-25 13:16:22 +00:00
josh	788597b6f4	added linker script git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@12 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-24 21:53:32 +00:00
josh	09fb19df15	little Makefile change git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@11 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2009-06-24 18:30:57 +00:00
josh	af529606e9	load address changed to 1MB git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@7 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-25 03:30:16 +00:00
josh	f58228c559	fixed sample boot.asm, changed Makefile target to $(ISO) git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@6 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-25 03:16:59 +00:00
josh	8f00324b30	bootable with small multiboot kernel git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@5 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-25 03:00:58 +00:00
josh	bdf4ce8ae8	added clean target git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@4 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-25 01:18:24 +00:00
josh	e124ac5b1b	Makefiles created, added initial iso directory git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@3 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-25 01:08:19 +00:00
josh	fba9e3ea54	created kernel directory git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@2 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-23 03:32:19 +00:00
josh	43d1ca0e18	initial creation of trunk directory git-svn-id: svn://anubis/hos/trunk@1 5b3e749e-e535-0410-8002-a9bb6afbdfca	2007-07-23 03:11:24 +00:00