hos/kernel/kernel.c

/* kernel.h
 * Author: Josh Holtrop
 * Date: 08/16/04
 * Modified: 11/02/05
 * This is the main kernel initialization and boot-strapping file
 */

#include "kernel.h"
#include "multiboot.h"
#include "module.h"
#include "lang/lang.h"
#include "functions.h"
#include "mm/mm.h"
#include "mm/vmm.h"
#include "lang/conv.h"
#include "devices.h"
#include "display/display.h"
#include "display/kout.h"
#include "sys/io.h"
#include "sys/pic.h"
#include "char/keyboard.h"
#include "block/ramdisk.h"
#include "fs/vfs.h"
#include "fs/ext2/ext2.h"
#include "sys/pci.h"
#include "proc/proc.h"
#include "syscall.h"

mb_info_t mb_info_block;
mb_mmap_t mb_mmap[MAX_MMAP];
u32_t mmap_entries;
mb_module_t mb_modules[MAX_MODULES];
mb_apm_t mb_apm_table;
mb_module_t *real_mode_module;		// pointer to real mode module (if present)
real_mode_param_t rm_params;
char mb_cmdline[256];
int criticalCounter;			// semaphore for if interrupts are disabled
u32_t timer;				// number of IRQ 0's

extern u32_t mm_freepages;
extern u32_t proc_new_esp;
extern u32_t cur_task;

/* This function runs in segmented memory - 0xC000_0000 is mapped to 0x0 but 0x0
   itself is an invalid linear address. Therefore, the multiboot information addresses
   must be manually adjusted by VIRT_OFFSET to become valid linear addresses. */
mb_module_t *k_mbsave(mb_info_t *mbinfo, unsigned int mb_magic)
{
	real_mode_module = NULL;
	if (mb_magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)
	{
		char *msg = "Bad multiboot magic identifier!";
		char *dest = (char *) CONSOLE_MEMORY;
		while (*msg)
		{
			*dest++ = *msg++;
			*dest++ = 0x04;		//red error message
		}
		for (;;) ;
	}
	mb_info_block = *mbinfo;
	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_COMMAND_LINE)
	{
		mb_info_block.cmdline += VIRT_OFFSET;
		memcpy(mb_cmdline, (void *)mb_info_block.cmdline, 256);
		mb_cmdline[255] = 0;
	}
	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_MODS)
	{
		mb_info_block.mods_addr += VIRT_OFFSET;
		int i;
		for (i = 0; i < mb_info_block.mods_count && i < MAX_MODULES; i++)
		{
			mb_modules[i] = ((mb_module_t *)mb_info_block.mods_addr)[i];
			mb_modules[i].mod_start += VIRT_OFFSET;
			mb_modules[i].mod_end += VIRT_OFFSET;
			hos_module_header_t *mod = (hos_module_header_t *)mb_modules[i].mod_start;
			if (mod->mod_magic == 0x4D534F48 && mod->mod_type == MOD_REAL_MODE)
				real_mode_module = &mb_modules[i];
		}
	}
	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_MMAP)
	{
		mb_info_block.mmap_addr += (VIRT_OFFSET - 4);	//-4 to get to size field, not base_addr_low field
		mb_mmap_t *mmap = (mb_mmap_t *)mb_info_block.mmap_addr;
		int i, sz = 0;
		for (i = 0; sz < mb_info_block.mmap_length && i < MAX_MMAP; i++)
		{
			sz += mmap->size + 4;
			mb_mmap[i] = *mmap;
			mmap = (mb_mmap_t *)(((u32_t) mmap) + mmap->size + 4);
			mmap_entries++;
		}
	}
	if (mb_info_block.flags & MB_BOOTLOADER_APM)
	{
		mb_info_block.apm_table += VIRT_OFFSET;
		mb_apm_table = *(mb_apm_t *)mb_info_block.apm_table;
	}
	return real_mode_module;
}

/* Main kernel initialization routine */
void k_init()
{
	criticalCounter++;
	pic_remap(0x20, 0x28);
	pic_mask1(0);			//unmask IRQ's 0-7
	pic_mask2(0);			//unmask IRQ's 8-15
	timer_init(HOS_TIMER_FREQ);
	mm_init();
	vmm_init();
	devices_init();
	if (real_mode_module)
	{
		if (rm_params.vid_addr)  // there is video memory to map in
		{
			u32_t vid_mem = rm_params.width * rm_params.height;
			switch (rm_params.bpp)
			{
			case 15: case 16:
				vid_mem <<= 1;	break;
			case 24:
				vid_mem *= 3;	break;
			case 32:
				vid_mem <<= 2;	break;
			}
			// map in video memory so we can access the video card's LFB
			vmm_mapn(LFB_MEMORY, (u32_t)rm_params.vid_addr, (vid_mem >> 12) + 1);
		}
	}
	display_init();			// initialize display subsystem
	kprintf("HOS v0.16 initializing...\n");
	kprintf("Kernel load line: '%s'\n", mb_cmdline);
	kprintf("Kernel load size: %d (0x%x) bytes (%d kb)\n", kernel_size(), kernel_size(), kernel_size() >> 10);
	kprintf("Kernel memory size: %d (0x%x) bytes (%d kb)\n", kernel_size_used(), kernel_size_used(), kernel_size_used() >> 10);

	k_check(pci_init(), "pci_init() failed!");
	k_check(vfs_init(), "vfs_init() failed!");
	k_check(proc_init(), "proc_init() failed!");

	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < mb_info_block.mods_count; i++)
	{
		kprintf("Loaded kernel module %d: 0x%x - 0x%x (%d bytes, type %d)\n", i, mb_modules[i].mod_start, mb_modules[i].mod_end, mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start, ((hos_module_header_t*)mb_modules[i].mod_start)->mod_type);
		if (((mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start) > 2048) &&
			((ext2_super_block_t *)(mb_modules[i].mod_start + 1024))->s_magic == EXT2_MAGIC)
		{
			// we found an initrd
			minor_t initrd_minor = ramdisk_register((void *)mb_modules[i].mod_start, mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start);
			kprintf("initrd (%dkb) loaded\n", (mb_modules[i].mod_end - mb_modules[i].mod_start) >> 10);
			k_check(vfs_mount(DEV(MAJOR_RAMDISK, initrd_minor), "ext2", "/"), "Kernel panic: Could not mount initrd to /!");
		}
	}


	void *root = vfs_open_dir("///");
	char name[VFS_MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
	if (root)
	{
		vfs_dir_entry_t dentry;
		vfs_stat_t fstat;
		while (!vfs_read_dir(root, &dentry))
		{
			strcpy(name, "/");
			strcat(name, dentry.name);
			vfs_stat(name, &fstat);
			kprintf("%d\t", fstat.inode);
			putc(fstat.type == VFS_FT_DIR ? 'd' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_CHAR ? 'c' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_BLOCK ? 'b' : fstat.type == VFS_FT_SYMLINK ? 'l' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UR ? 'r' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UW ? 'w' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_UX ? 'x' : '-');

			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GR ? 'r' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GW ? 'w' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_GX ? 'x' : '-');

			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OR ? 'r' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OW ? 'w' : '-');
			putc(fstat.permissions & VFS_PERMS_OX ? 'x' : '-');

			kprintf(" %d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%s", fstat.links, fstat.uid, fstat.gid, fstat.size, dentry.name);
			if (fstat.type == VFS_FT_CHAR || fstat.type == VFS_FT_BLOCK)
				kprintf("\t(%d, %d)", fstat.dev >> 8, fstat.dev & 0xFF);
			if (fstat.type == VFS_FT_SYMLINK)
			{
				char *link = kmalloc(4096);
				vfs_link_deref(name, link);
				kprintf(" -> %s", link);
				kfree(link);
			}
			putc('\n');
		}
		vfs_close_dir(root);
	}
	else
		kprintf("Error: Could not open directory\n");

	/* Create the initial task */
	vfs_stat_t stat;
	if (!vfs_stat(HOS_INIT_TASK, &stat))
	{
		if (stat.permissions &
			(VFS_PERMS_UX | VFS_PERMS_GX | VFS_PERMS_UX))
		{
			u8_t *buf = kmalloc(stat.size);
			void *file = vfs_open_file(HOS_INIT_TASK, VFS_MODE_READ);
			vfs_read_file_block(file, buf, stat.size);
			vfs_close_file(file);
			create_task(buf, stat.size, 0, 0);
		}
	}

	criticalCounter--;
}

void isr(u32_t num, int_stack_t *int_stack)
{
	criticalCounter++;
	switch (num)
	{
	case 0x0:				/* divide by zero */
		kprintf("divide by zero, current process: %u\n", cur_task);
		break;
	case 0x20:				// timer
		timer++;
		(*(u16_t *)CONSOLE_MEMORY)++;
		proc_sched(int_stack);
		pic_eoi();
		break;
	case 0x21:				// keyboard
		isr_keyboard();
		pic_eoi();
		break;
	case 0x30:
		syscall(cur_task, int_stack);
		break;
	case 0x0D:				/* general protection (error code) */
		kprintf("General protection fault process %u, error #%u\n", cur_task, int_stack->error);
		break;
	case 0x0E:				/* Page fault (error code) */
		kprintf("Page fault process %u, error #%u\n", cur_task, int_stack->error);
		break;
	case 0x01:				/* debug exception */
	case 0x02:				/* non-maskable interrupt */
	case 0x03:				/* breakpoint */
	case 0x04:				/* overflow */
	case 0x05:				/* bound exception */
	case 0x06:				/* invalid opcode */
	case 0x07:				/* FPU not available */
	case 0x08:				/* Double fault (error code) */
	case 0x09:				/* coprocessor segment overrun */
	case 0x0A:				/* invalid TSS (error code) */
	case 0x0B:				/* segment not present (error code) */
	case 0x0C:				/* stack exception (error code) */
	case 0x10:				/* floating point error */
	case 0x11:				/* alignment check */
	case 0x12:				/* machine check */
	default:
		kprintf("Unhandled interrupt #%d, CR2 = 0x%x, int_stack at 0x%x!\n", num, read_cr2(), int_stack);
		halt();
	}
	criticalCounter--;
}


void	k_enter_critical()	// functions for implementing "atomic actions"
{
	disable_ints();
	criticalCounter++;
}

void	k_leave_critical()
{
	criticalCounter--;
	if (!criticalCounter)
		enable_ints();
}

void	k_check(int val, char *msg)
{
	if (val)
	{
		kprintf("\e[31;1m%s\n", msg);
		halt();
	}
}